[[HebrewStrongs:h11]] in OT, [[GreekStrongs:g3]] in NT. "Abbadon is a Hebrew name for the unbeliever's side of Sheol or Hades."
Ref-0219, p. 748.
Aleph from "ox" meaning "leader," or "first," Beth from "house." Abba = leader of the house or father. Can also mean any ancestor: Gen. [[28:13|bible.1.28.13]]; Gen. [[32:10|bible.1.32.10]]; 1K. [[15:13|bible.11.15.13]].
Literal translation: "I have gotten a man: Jehovah". The common English translation is not based on the Hebrew text but on the Greek Septuagint which reads "through God." This was followed by the Latin Vulgate which also reads "through God." The Jerusalem Targum, an Aramaic translation, reads "I have gotten a man: the angel of Jehovah." The rabbis also gave a reading here which is much closer to the original Hebrew text. The Targum Pseudo-Jonathan reads, "I have gotten for a man the angel of the Lord." Another Aramaic translation is the Targum Onqelos which says "from before the Lord." The Midrash Rabbah (on Gen. [[22:2|bible.1.22.2]]), the rabbinic commentary, says of Gen. [[4:1|bible.1.4.1]] "with the help of the Lord." Rabbi Ishmael asked Rabbi Akiba, "Since you have served Nahum of Gimzo for 22 years and he taught that every ach and rach is a limitation but every et and gam is an extension, tell me what is the purpose of the et here." He replied, "if it is said 'I have gotten a man: the Lord' it would have been difficult to interpret, hence et 'with the help of the Lord' is required." The footnote on page 181 of this Midrash says "it might imply that she had begotten the Lord." The rabbis clearly understood the implications of the construction and so had to make the necessary adjustments in their translation.
Ref-0011, p. 16.
". . . I suggest that kenaf might suggest the location where the 'abomination of desolation' is placed: in the Holy of Holies in relation to the winged cherubim of the Ark of the Covenant. The Septuagint (followed by the Vulgate) translated the Hebrew word kenaf to the Greek word pterugion to designate any projecting extremity or 'wing-like projections'. . . the mention of 'sacrifices' just before this term may imply a ritual association."
Ref-0146, pp. 487-488.
"Syrian authorities under Antiochus IV erected an altar to Zeus in the Temple (ca. 167 B.C.). 1 Macc. 1:54 characterizes this as ‘a desolating sacrilege’ (cf. 2 Macc. 6:1-5). . . . The emperor Caligula’s plan to erect a statue of himself in the Temple (ca. A.D. 40) may have been seen by some as at least a partial fulfillment of this ‘prophecy,’ but the Gospels of Matthew and Mark, both written more than twenty years later, associate the abomination with the events to precede the expected return of Jesus as ‘Son of man’ and evidently regard it as yet to be fulfilled (Matt. 24:15-21; Mark [[13:14-19|bible.62.13.14]])."
Ref-0131, s.v. Abomination That Makes Desolate. "In my own study of the phrase in the context of Temple desecration I discovered the phrase served as a technical reference to the introduction of an iolatrous image or an act of pagan sacrilege within the Sanctuary that produces the highest level of a ceremonial impurity, Temple profanation." Randall Price cited in Thomas Ice, "An Interpretation of Mtt. [[24:1-51|bible.61.24.1]]-25 --Mtt. [[24:25|bible.61.24.25]]-25 -- Part XIII",
Ref-0181, May 2003, p. 6. "Therefore the abomination of desolation, which the reader is to understand, includes the following elements: 1. It occurs in the Jewish Temple in Jerusalem (Dan. [[11:31|bible.27.11.31]]; 2Th. [[2:4|bible.74.2.4]]). 2. It involves a person setting up a statue in place of the regular sacrifice in the holy of holies (Dan. [[11:31|bible.27.11.31]]; Dan. [[12:11|bible.27.12.11]]; Rev. [[13:14-15|bible.87.13.14]]). 3. This results in the cessation of the regular sacrifice (Dan. [[9:27|bible.27.9.27]]; Dan. [[11:31|bible.27.11.31]]; Dan. [[12:11|bible.27.12.11]]). 4. There will be a time of about three-and-a-half years between this event and another event and the end of the time period (Dan. [[9:27|bible.27.9.27]]; Dan. [[12:11|bible.27.12.11]]). 5. It involves an individual setting up a statue or image of himself so that he may be worshipped in place of God (Dan. [[11:31|bible.27.11.31]]; 2Th. [[2:4|bible.74.2.4]]; Rev. [[13:14-15|bible.87.13.14]]). 6. THe image is made to come to life (Rev. [[13:14|bible.87.13.14]]). 7. A worship system to this false god is thus inaugurated (2Th. [[2:4|bible.74.2.4]]; Rev. [[13:14-15|bible.87.13.14]]). 8. At the end of this time period the individual who commits the act will himself be cut off (Dan. [[9:27|bible.27.9.27]])." Thomas Ice, "An Interpretation of Matthew_24-25 -- Part XIII",
Ref-0181, May 2003, p. 6. "In my own study of the phrase 'abomination of desolation' in the context of Temple desecration I discovered the phrase served as a technical reference to the introduction of an idolatrous image or an act of pagan sacrilege within the sanctuary that produces the highest level of ceremonial impurity, Temple profanation." Randal Price, "Historical Problems with a First-Century Fulfillment",
Ref-0209, p. 387.
"And on the fifteenth day of the month Chaseleu, in the hundred forty and fifth year, they built an abomination of desolation upon the altar, and built altars in the cities of Judah round about. . . And on the twenty-fifth day of the month they sacrificed upon the altar, which was upon the altar of burnt offering." 1 Maccabees 1:52-61. ". . . on the 25th Kisleu (about December) 168, on the annual festival of the Olympian Zeus, he caused a small alter consecreated to that god, to be placed on the altar of burnt offering at Jerusalem (1 Maccabees 1:20-24,41-64)--the 'abomination of desolation'. . . Therefore, he also was represented in the prophecy as the 'little horn' of the third world empire (Dan. [[8:9|bible.27.8.9]],Dan. [[8:23|bible.27.8.23]]), even as the Antichrist is the 'little horn' of the fourth world empire (Dan. [[7:8|bible.27.7.8]],Dan. [[7:20|bible.27.7.20]],Dan. [[7:24|bible.27.7.24]],Dan. [[7:25|bible.27.7.25]])."
Ref-0197, p. 171.
". . . scholars have offered their interpretations for the 'abomination of desolutation' as a past fulfillment. I will simply list these with a breif observation about each: 1) The Statue of Titus erected on the side of the desolated Temple (popular in Patristic times) is more likely a tradition that developed from the memory of Roman standards erected in the Temple area by order of Tit. [[2:1-15|bible.77.2.1]]) 2) Statues erected by Pilate and Hadrian. All we know for certain is that Pilate brought Roman standards into the Temple, which had medallions with an image of the emperor. As to the site fo the equestrian statue, John Wilkinson argues that it would not have been at the site of the Temple itself, but that this area would have remained free of such objects so that the site could later be rebuilt by the Jews as a show of Roman benevolence. 3) Caligula's attempted desecration. The events of A.D. 33-40 are believed to have created a fear that although Caligula had attempted to erect a pagan statue in the Temple and failed, another might succeed. However, this whole theory has been shown to be implausible on textual and historical grounds [see footnote 44 in this text]. 4) The invading Roman army of A.D. 70. If the Roman invasion that desecrated and destroyed the Temple in A.D. 70 was the fulfillment of the abomination of desolation, we are left without a complete correspondence with Dan. [[9:27|bible.27.9.27]], for both the covenant is missing and the destruction of the desolator would have to be construed differently."
Ref-0146, pp. 489-480.
Summary of fetal development: 1 week, travels from fallopian tube, lodges in uterus. 2 weeks, forms amnion (amniotic sac), forms umbilical cord, connects placenta to mother. 3 weeks, heart beats. 4 weeks, spinal column, nervous system, 10,000 times the size of fertilized egg. 2 months, head is 1/2 its birth size, cartilage turns to skeleton. 3 months, two inches long, 1 ounce. 4 months, facial features (like parents), hair on head, sucked thumb, half birth size. 5/6 months, heard and recognized mother's voice, eyes opened. Statistics: 1.5 million abortions annually in the US.
"The Greeks lived in fear of large families, for that could mean starvation. Custom and law condoned homosexuality, abortion, and the exposure of infants in woods, mountains, or garbage dumps."
Ref-0150, p. 217. "The Roman historian Tacitus. . . expressed contempt for the fact that 'the Jews even consider it a crime to kill a newborn infant.'"
Ref-0152, p. 19.
"Abraham wandered westward, perhaps crossing the Euphrates at Carchemish, where it can be forded during a low-water period."
Ref-0150, p. 32.
"Because the covenant of circumcision was first introduced when Abraham was already ninety-nine years old (Gen. [[17:1-14|bible.1.17.1]]); but the covenant of faith and the justification took place before even the birth of Ishmael, and therefore before his eighty-sixth year (Gen. [[16:16|bible.1.16.16]] cf. Gen. [[17:1|bible.1.17.1]]). Consequently Abraham had been justified already thirteen years before he was circumcised."
Ref-0197, p. 96
"'Abraham's seed,' therefore, is not necessarily equivalent of a Jew or a member of the people of Israel. God's promise to Abraham encompassed both 'a great nation' and 'all peoples on earth' (Gen. [[12:2-3|bible.1.12.2]]). Both of these groups, therefore, share the fulfillment of that promise in the salvation of God without being merged into each other. It is significant that when the fulfillment of the Abrahamic promise is related to the Gentiles, it is specifically this statement about 'all nations,' not any reference to the 'great nation' or Israel, that the apostle uses as OT support (Gal. [[3:8|bible.69.3.8]]). Again, there is sharing, but not identity. . ." Robert L. Saucy, "Israel and the Church: A Case for Discontinuity,"
Ref-0199, p. 254.
[[HebrewStrongs:h87]] - lofty or high father to [[HebrewStrongs:h85]] - father of a multitude (addition of ה (he), = breath of God)
"In the Midrashim it is written that the Rock is the Even Akkidah, the 'Stone of Binding' and marks the place where Abraham bound his son Isaac and laid him on an altar, but that the Holy of Holies was built over the place where the ram was caught in the thicket, a short distance away. Tradition further contends that the Rock is not only the place where the offering of Isaac was attempted, but that it was also the threshing floor of Arunah the Jebusite which King David purchased and upon which he pitched the Tabernacle."
Ref-0144, pp. 163-164. Isaac was 25 years old according to Josephus.
Ref-0026, 1.13.2.
"Professor Bryant Wood, from the Associates for Biblical Research. . . concludes that the period of 430 years mentioned in Ex. [[12:40|bible.2.12.40]] was not the total period of time from Abraham to the Exodus, as seemingly implied in Gal. [[3:17|bible.69.3.17]], but was the actual period of the Israelite presence in Egypt."
Ref-0003, Vol. 15(1) 2001, p. 54. "It can be seen that Gen. [[12:40|bible.1.12.40]] above can be interpreted two ways--either 430 years that the Israelites were in Egypt, or 430 years for their whole sojourn which started from the time Abraham came to Canaan. . . . the Samaritan Pentateuch and Septuagint speak not of 'lived in Egypt' but 'lived in Egypt and Canaan.' Gal. [[3:1-29|bible.69.3.1]] makes it clear that the 430 years is from when the promise was given to Abraham until the law was given at Sinai." David Down,
Ref-0003, 17(2), 2003, p. 71. "In short, the various lines of evidence would seem to indicate that the 430 years should be taken at face value for the Israelite sojourn in Egypt. In any event, it seems to me that the case for this particular reconstruction is tenable and defensible, and that it deserves attention as an alternative to the "short-chronology" interpretation." Paul J. Ray, Jr. "The Duration of the Israel Sojourn in Egypt",
Ref-0066, 17.2 (2004):33-44, p. 42.
"in the rabbinic writings this is a very common term . . . the term . . . is a figure of speech describing a guest at a feast, reclining on the breast of his neighbor. Just as in the Gospel of John. . ."
Ref-0219, p. 754.
"Abraham is said to have 318 servants in Gen. [[14:14|bible.1.14.14]]. In Rabbinic tradition the 318 is taken as gematria for Eliezer, Abraham’s servant." [http://bibleandscience.com/biblecodes.htm]
Questionable: Isa. [[14:15|bible.23.14.15]] (?);