CrossLinks Topical Index - CH


Chadwick, Harold J., The New Foxe's Book of Martyrs : Ref-1375
Chadwick, Harold J., The New Foxe's Book of Martyrs - Foxe, John, The New Foxe's Book of Martyrs : Ref-1375
Chadwick, Harold J., The New Foxe's Book of Martyrs - Foxe, John, The New Foxe's Book of Martyrs - The New Foxe's Book of Martyrs, John Foxe, Harold J. Chadwick : Ref-1375
Chadwick, Harold J., The New Foxe's Book of Martyrs - The New Foxe's Book of Martyrs, John Foxe, Harold J. Chadwick : Ref-1375
Chafer, Grace: An Exposition of God’s Marvelous Gift : Ref-0991
Chafer, Grace: An Exposition of God’s Marvelous Gift - Cross-0062 : Ref-0991
Chafer, Grace: An Exposition of God’s Marvelous Gift - Cross-0062 - Grace: An Exposition of God’s Marvelous Gift, Chafer : Ref-0991
Chafer, Grace: An Exposition of God’s Marvelous Gift - Grace: An Exposition of God’s Marvelous Gift, Chafer : Ref-0991
Chafer, Lewis Sperry Systematic Theology : Ref-0195
Chafer, Lewis Sperry Systematic Theology - Systematic Theology, Chafer, Lewis Sperry : Ref-0195
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Dispensationalism : Ref-1249 ; Ref-1518
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Dispensationalism - Dispensationalism, Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-1249 ; Ref-1518
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Dispensationalism - Dispensationalism, Lewis Sperry Chafer - Kindle-0025 : Ref-1518
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Dispensationalism - Dispensationalism, Lewis Sperry Chafer - Logos-0667 : Ref-1249
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Dispensationalism - Kindle-0025 : Ref-1518
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Dispensationalism - Logos-0667 : Ref-1249
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Grace: An Exposition of God's Marvelous Gift : Ref-1191
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Grace: An Exposition of God's Marvelous Gift - Cross-0172 : Ref-1191
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Grace: An Exposition of God's Marvelous Gift - Cross-0172 - Grace: An Exposition of God's Marvelous Gift, Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-1191
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Grace: An Exposition of God's Marvelous Gift - Grace: An Exposition of God's Marvelous Gift, Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-1191
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, He That is Spiritual : Ref-1193 ; Ref-1247
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, He That is Spiritual - Cross-0174 - SS-0072 : Ref-1193
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, He That is Spiritual - He That is Spiritual, Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-1193 ; Ref-1247
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, He That is Spiritual - He That is Spiritual, Lewis Sperry Chafer - Logos-0665 : Ref-1247
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, He That is Spiritual - He That is Spiritual, Lewis Sperry Chafer - SS-0072 : Ref-1193
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, He That is Spiritual - Logos-0665 : Ref-1247
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, He That is Spiritual - SS-0072 : Ref-1193
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Major Bible Themes : Ref-1276
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Major Bible Themes - Major Bible Themes, Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-1276
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Major Bible Themes - Major Bible Themes, Lewis Sperry Chafer - SS-0076 : Ref-1276
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Major Bible Themes - SS-0076 : Ref-1276
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Must We Dismiss the Millennium? : Ref-1245
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Must We Dismiss the Millennium? - Logos-0663 : Ref-1245
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Must We Dismiss the Millennium? - Logos-0663 - Must We Dismiss the Millennium?, Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-1245
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Must We Dismiss the Millennium? - Must We Dismiss the Millennium?, Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-1245
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Salvation : Ref-1244
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Salvation - Logos-0662 - SS-0075 : Ref-1244
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Salvation - Salvation, Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-1244
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Salvation - SS-0075 : Ref-1244
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Salvation - SS-0075 - Salvation, Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-1244
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Satan : Ref-1243
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Satan - Logos-0661 - SS-0073 : Ref-1243
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Satan - Satan, Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-1243
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Satan - SS-0073 : Ref-1243
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Satan - SS-0073 - Satan, Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-1243
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Systematic Theology : Ref-0700
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Systematic Theology - Logos-0451 : Ref-0700
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Systematic Theology - Logos-0451 - Systematic Theology, Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-0700
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, Systematic Theology - Systematic Theology, Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-0700
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, The Crowns of the Lord Jesus Christ : Ref-1277
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, The Crowns of the Lord Jesus Christ - SS-0077 : Ref-1277
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, The Crowns of the Lord Jesus Christ - SS-0077 - The Crowns of the Lord Jesus Christ, Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-1277
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, The Crowns of the Lord Jesus Christ - The Crowns of the Lord Jesus Christ, Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-1277
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, The Ephesian Letter: Doctrinally Considered : Ref-1248
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, The Ephesian Letter: Doctrinally Considered - Logos-0666 - SS-0077 : Ref-1248
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, The Ephesian Letter: Doctrinally Considered - SS-0077 : Ref-1248
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, The Ephesian Letter: Doctrinally Considered - SS-0077 - The Ephesian Letter: Doctrinally Considered, Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-1248
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, The Ephesian Letter: Doctrinally Considered - The Ephesian Letter: Doctrinally Considered, Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-1248
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, The Kingdom in History and Prophecy : Ref-1192 ; Ref-1246
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, The Kingdom in History and Prophecy - Cross-0173 - SS-0071 : Ref-1192
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, The Kingdom in History and Prophecy - Logos-0664 - SS-0076 : Ref-1246
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, The Kingdom in History and Prophecy - SS-0071 : Ref-1192
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, The Kingdom in History and Prophecy - SS-0071 - The Kingdom in History and Prophecy, Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-1192
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, The Kingdom in History and Prophecy - SS-0076 : Ref-1246
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, The Kingdom in History and Prophecy - SS-0076 - The Kingdom in History and Prophecy, Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-1246
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, The Kingdom in History and Prophecy - The Kingdom in History and Prophecy, Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-1192 ; Ref-1246
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, True Evangelism : Ref-1242
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, True Evangelism (Winning Souls by Prayer) : Ref-1209
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, True Evangelism (Winning Souls by Prayer) - SS-0066 : Ref-1209
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, True Evangelism (Winning Souls by Prayer) - SS-0066 - True Evangelism (Winning Souls by Prayer), Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-1209
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, True Evangelism (Winning Souls by Prayer) - True Evangelism (Winning Souls by Prayer), Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-1209
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, True Evangelism - Logos-0660 - SS-0074 : Ref-1242
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, True Evangelism - SS-0074 : Ref-1242
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, True Evangelism - SS-0074 - True Evangelism, Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-1242
Chafer, Lewis Sperry, True Evangelism - True Evangelism, Lewis Sperry Chafer : Ref-1242
Chaldean : Chaldean - meaning
Chaldean - meaning : Dan. 2:10

"Now Chaldea was an area almost geographically synonymous with Babylonia, but because of the high level of learning there, the term Chaldean came to mean also a very learned person." Ref-0049, p. 20.


Challenges to Inerrancy: A Theological Response, Gordon Lewis and Bruce Demarest : Ref-1237
Challenges to Inerrancy: A Theological Response, Gordon Lewis and Bruce Demarest - Demarest, Bruce, Challenges to Inerrancy: A Theological Response : Ref-1237
Challenges to Inerrancy: A Theological Response, Gordon Lewis and Bruce Demarest - Demarest, Bruce, Challenges to Inerrancy: A Theological Response - Lewis, Gordon, Challenges to Inerrancy: A Theological Response : Ref-1237
Chalmers : gap theory - origin
Chalmers - Thomas - gap theory : gap theory - origin
chance : chance - or God; evolution - life - origin ; life - temporal nature
chance - life - origin : evolution - life - origin
chance - life seems like : life - temporal nature
chance - or God : 1S. 6:9
change : apologetics - chance ; change - God doesn't
change - apologetics : apologetics - chance
change - God doesn't : Ps. 102:27; Mal. 3:6; Heb. 13:8; Jas. 1:17
changing : scripture - adding to
changing - scripture : scripture - adding to
Channukah : chronology - B.C. 0164 - Cleansing of the Temple (Channukah) - JUDAICA ; chronology - B.C. 0165 - Cleansing of the Temple (Channukah) - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0165 - Cleansing of the Temple (Channukah) - Ironside-SILENT
Channukah - date - Anderson : chronology - B.C. 0165 - Cleansing of the Temple (Channukah) - Anderson-PRINCE
Channukah - date - Ironside : chronology - B.C. 0165 - Cleansing of the Temple (Channukah) - Ironside-SILENT
Channukah - date - JUDAICA : chronology - B.C. 0164 - Cleansing of the Temple (Channukah) - JUDAICA
Chapman, B. (1994). Greek New Testament Insert. (2nd ed., revised.). Quakertown, PA: Stylus Publishing. : Ref-0352
Chapman, B. (1994). Greek New Testament Insert. (2nd ed., revised.). Quakertown, PA: Stylus Publishing. - Logos-0112 : Ref-0352
chapters : chapters - applied to entire Bible ; chapters - applied to NT ; chapters - applied to OT
chapters - applied to entire Bible :

"The first Bible to use both the modern chapter and verse divisions was the Latin Vulgate edition of Robert Stephaus (1555). He had previously used those divisions in his Greek New Testament (1551). The First English Bible to incorporate both the modern chapter and verse divisions was the Geneva Bible (1560). It was actually done in two parts: in 1577, the New Testament was done by Whittingham, as a stopgap measure, and, in 1560, the entire Bible was completed in the same tradition." Ref-0075, pp. 341-342


chapters - applied to NT :

"Stephen Langton, a professor at the University of Paris and afterward Archbishop of Canterbury, divided the Bible into the modern chapter divisions (c. 1227). That was prior to the introduction of movable type in printing. Since the Wycliffe Bible (1382) followed that pattern, those basic divisions have been the virtual base upon which the Bible has been printed to this very day, as the Wycliffe Bible has been basic to subsequent versions and translations." Ref-0075, pp. 340-341


chapters - applied to OT :

"These divisions were first placed in the margins in 1330. They were printed into the text of the Complutensian Polyglot (1517), and the text was divided in the edition of Arias Montanus (1571)." Ref-0075, p. 339.


chariot : ark of covenant - chariot; chariot - God’s
chariot - ark of covenant : ark of covenant - chariot
chariot - God’s : Eze. 1:13-21; Eze. 3:13; Eze. 10:2; Eze. 10:6; Eze. 10:9-19; Eze. 11:22-23; Dan. 7:9
chariots : chariots - of God ; chariots - of Israel ; chariots - of Saul; chariots - of Solomon; chariots - of sun ; trusting - in chariots
chariots - of fire : chariots - of Israel
chariots - of God : 1Chr. 28:18; Ps. 68:17; Eze. 1:15-28

✪ See chariots - of Israel, chariots - trusting in.


chariots - of Israel : 2K. 2:12; 2K. 6:17; 2K. 7:6; 2K. 13:14; Isa. 66:15

✪ See chariots - of God.


chariots - of Saul : 2S. 8:11
chariots - of Solomon : 1K. 4:26; 1Chr. 1:14-17
chariots - of sun : 2K. 23:11

✪ See chariots - of Israel.


chariots - trusting in : trusting - in chariots
Charismatic Gift of Tongues : Ref-0004 ; Ref-0226
Charismatic Gift of Tongues - Baxter, Ronald E. Charismatic Gift of Tongues : Ref-0004
Charismatic Gift of Tongues - Ronald E. Baxter : Ref-0226
Charles, R. H., ed. The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament : Ref-0037
Charles, R. H., ed. The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament - Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament, The - The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament : Ref-0037
Charles, R. H., ed. The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament - The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament : Ref-0037
Charlesworth, James H., ed., The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha, Volume 1: Apocalyptic Literature and Testaments : Ref-1318
Charlesworth, James H., ed., The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha, Volume 1: Apocalyptic Literature and Testaments - The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha, Volume 1: Apocalyptic Literature and Testaments, James H. Charlesworth, ed., : Ref-1318
charming : snake - charming
charming - snake : snake - charming
chastened : chastened - by God; Israel - chastened
chastened - by God : Deu. 8:5; Ps. 89:32; Ps. 118:18; Ps. 119:67; Ps. 119:71; Ps. 119:75; Pr. 3:11; Lam. 3:1-20; 1Cor. 11:32; Heb. 12:5-11; Rev. 3:19
chastened - Israel : Israel - chastened
chastised : correction - by God
chastised - by God : correction - by God
Chavalas, Mark W., The IVP Bible Backround Commentary : Ref-1169
Chavalas, Mark W., The IVP Bible Backround Commentary - Old Testament : Ref-1169
Chebar : archaeology - Chebar
Chebar - river - archaeology : archaeology - Chebar
cheek : cheek - struck; cheek - turn other
cheek - struck : Job 16:10; Lam. 3:30; Isa. 50:6; Mic. 5:1; Mat. 26:67; Mark 14:65; Luke 22:63
cheek - turn other : Lam. 3:30; Isa. 50:6; Mat. 5:39; Luke 6:29

✪ D. Martyn Lloyd-Jones observes that any valid interpretation of Mat. 5:39-40 must reconcile the following additional passages: Mat. 18:15-17, seeking justice with a brother; John 18:22-23, Jesus points out the injust action of striking him without him having done evil; Acts 16:37, Paul asserts his Roman citizenship. "How do we reconcile these things? Our Lord her in the Sermon on the Mount seems to be saying that invariably you must turn the other cheek, or if ever you are sued for your coat you must throw in your cloak as well. But He Himself, when He is smitten on the face, does not turn the other cheek, but registers a protest. And the apostle Paul insisted upon the magistrate coming down to release him. If we accept the original principle, there is no difficulty at all in reconciling the two sets of statements. It can be done in this way. These instances are not examples and illustrations of either our Lord or the apostle insisting upon personal rights. What our Lord did was to rebuke the breaking of the law and His protest was made in order to uphold the law. He said to these men, in effect: ‘You know by striking me like this you are breaking the law.’ He did not say: ‘Why do you insult me?’ He did not lose His temper or take it as a personal affront. He did not become angry, or show concern about Himself. But He was concerned to remind these men of the dignity and honour of the law. And the apostle Paul did exactly the same thing." Ref-0170, pp. 284-285. "Because an assault involves slapping someone on the left cheek, slapping them on the right cheek involves merely an insult." Andy Woods, "The Purpose of Matthew's Gospel, Part II", Ref-0785, Volume 11 Number 34 December 2007, 5:42, p. 15n25.


Cheer for Life's Pilgrimage, F. B. Meyer : Ref-0710
Cheer for Life's Pilgrimage, F. B. Meyer - Logos-0461 - Meyer, F. B., Cheer for Life's Pilgrimage : Ref-0710
Cheer for Life's Pilgrimage, F. B. Meyer - Meyer, F. B., Cheer for Life's Pilgrimage : Ref-0710
Chemosh : archaeology - Chemosh - Moabite seal ; Chemosh - Amorite god; Chemosh - Moabite god
Chemosh - Amorite god : Num. 21:27; Jdg. 11:23-24
Chemosh - Moabite god : 1K. 11:7; 1K. 11:33; 2K. 23:13; Jer. 48:13; Jer. 48:46
Chemosh - Moabite seal - archaeology : archaeology - Chemosh - Moabite seal
Cheney, Johnston M., Jesus Christ The Greatest Life : Ref-0775
Cheney, Johnston M., Jesus Christ The Greatest Life - Jesus Christ The Greatest Life, Johnston M. Cheney : Ref-0775
Cheney, Johnston M., Jesus Christ The Greatest Life - Jesus Christ The Greatest Life, Johnston M. Cheney - Logos-0507 : Ref-0775
Cheney, Johnston M., Jesus Christ The Greatest Life - Logos-0507 : Ref-0775
cherub : cherub - riding upon; cherub - two wings
cherub - riding upon : 2S. 22:11; Ps. 18:10; Rev. 19:11
cherub - two wings : 2Chr. 3:13
cherubim : cherubim - decorative; cherubim - face God ; cherubim - guard ; cherubim - live ; cherubim - mercy seat; cherubim - tabernacle curtains; cherubim - tabernacle veil; cherubim - wings - touching; coals - seraphim and cherubim; F00004 - Kells - book of - faces of cherubim ; shekinah - dwells between cherubim
cherubim - coals : coals - seraphim and cherubim
cherubim - decorative : Ex. 36:8; Ex. 36:35; 1K. 7:29; 1K. 7:36
cherubim - dwells between : shekinah - dwells between cherubim
cherubim - face God : Ex. 37:9; 2Chr. 3:13 (?)

✪ Questionable: 2Chr. 3:13 (?);


cherubim - faces - gospels : F00004 - Kells - book of - faces of cherubim
cherubim - guard : Gen. 3:24; Ex. 25:20-21; Ex. 26:1; Ex. 26:31; 1K. 6:23-28; 1K. 8:6-7

"These cherubim functioned, according to the language of Genesis 3:24, as sentinels ‘stationed’ to ‘guard’ the way to the Tree of Life. As already noted, the cherubim reappear [decoratively] in only one other place in the Bible -- within the Holy of Holies in the Tabernacle and Temple. . . This implies a close analogy between the two appearances, but there is one key difference: The cherubim in Eden face outward in order to ward off attempts at re-entry. But in the Holy of Holies, the cherubim stationed atop the Mercy Seat of the Ark face inward toward the place were God's presence was manifested between their wings. These cherubim, rather than turning man away from God's presence, make possible God's presence among men. . ." Ref-0146, p. 202.


cherubim - live : Gen. 3:24; 2S. 22:11; Ps. 18:10; Eze. 9:3; Eze. 10:1-20; Eze. 11:22; Eze. 28:14; Eze. 28:16; Eze. 41:18

✪ See living creatures.


cherubim - mercy seat : Ex. 37:8-9
cherubim - tabernacle curtains : Ex. 26:1
cherubim - tabernacle veil : Ex. 27:31
cherubim - wings - touching : 1K. 6:27; 2Chr. 3:11-12; Eze. 1:9-11; Eze. 3:13
chiasm : chiasm - example
chiasm - example : Gen. 9:6

"A short and very good biblical example comes from Genesis 9:6, which laid out in chiastic pattern looks like this:
A Whoever sheds
B the blood
C of man
C’ by man shall
B’ his blood
A’ be shed."
James Patrick Holding, Debunking the Documentary Hypothesis, Ref-0691 Vol 19(3) ISSN 1036-2916, 37:40, p. 38.


Chicago Statement : inerrancy - Chicago Statement
Chicago Statement - on inerrancy : inerrancy - Chicago Statement
chief : Caiaphas - high priest vs. Annas
chief - priests : Caiaphas - high priest vs. Annas
child : child - believer since; child - enter kingdom as; child - to be born; Molech - child sacrifice ; sacrifice - child ; sacrifice - child prohibited; seed - of woman ; stoning - rebellious child; Tophet - child sacrifice
child - believer since : Ps. 71:5; Eze. 4:14
child - enter kingdom as : Mat. 18:3; Mark 10:15; Luke 18:17; Acts 2:46
child - Israel labors to birth : seed - of woman
child - rebellious stoned : stoning - rebellious child
child - sacrifice : sacrifice - child
child - sacrifice - Molech : Molech - child sacrifice
child - sacrifice - Tophet : Tophet - child sacrifice
child - sacrifice prohibited : sacrifice - child prohibited
child - to be born : Isa. 9:14; Rev. 12:2
child sacrifice : Gehenna - Valley of Hinnom - child sacrifice
child sacrifice - Valley of Hinnom : Gehenna - Valley of Hinnom - child sacrifice
childbirth : childbirth - metaphor; childbirth - pain - redeemer; childbirth - pain - tribulation; childbirth - pain in
childbirth - metaphor : Isa. 13:8; Isa. 20:3; Isa. 26:17; Isa. 42:14; Isa. 66:7; Jer. 13:2; Jer. 22:23; Jer. 48:41; Jer. 49:22; Jer. 50:43; John 16:21; 1Th. 5:3
childbirth - pain - redeemer : Gen. 3:15-16; Mic. 5:2-3; Rev. 12:1-2
childbirth - pain - tribulation : Mat. 24:8; 1Th. 5:3
childbirth - pain in : Gen. 3:16; 1Ti. 2:15

". . . here were found the first ten children of James II, and one James Darnley, described as his natural son, as well as the eighteen pathetic babies born dead to Queen Anne, and her sole child to survive infancy, the young duke of Gloucester." Ref-1388, loc. 11480


childhood miracles of Jesus : miracles - Jesus as child - none
childhood miracles of Jesus - none : miracles - Jesus as child - none
childless : barren - childless as judgment; barren - childless not judgment; childless - God ministers to; Luke 1:7
childless - as judgment : barren - childless as judgment
childless - God ministers to : Ps. 113:9
childless - not judgment : barren - childless not judgment
children : Abraham - father of faithful ; children - abandoned; children - blessing; children - by maid; children - discipline; children - do not despise; children - eaten; children - fathers toward ; children - forget God; children - forsaken by parents; children - Jesus had none ; children - rule; children - toward parents ; children - toward parents - death penalty; divorce - affect on children ; fertility - by God; generational - decline; killed - children; millennial kingdom - Commodianus ; millennial kingdom - posttribulational population problem ; miracles - children learn; pagan - children begotten; sin - from birth; son - foolish; teaching - children
children - abandoned : Jer. 47:3
children - blessing : Ps. 127:3; Ps. 128:6; Pr. 17:6
children - by maid : Gen. 16:2; Gen. 30:3; Gen. 30:9
children - dashed : killed - children
children - discipline : 2S. 7:14; Ps. 78:5; Pr. 13:24; Pr. 19:18; Pr. 20:30; Pr. 22:6; Pr. 22:15; Pr. 23:13; Pr. 29:15; Pr. 29:17; Heb. 12:6
children - divorce - affect upon : divorce - affect on children
children - do not despise : Mat. 18:5; Mat. 18:6; Mat. 18:10; Mat. 19:14; Mark 9:37; Luke 9:48; Luke 18:16
children - eaten : Deu. 28:53; 2K. 6:28; Jer. 19:9; Lam. 2:20; Lam. 4:10; Eze. 5:10
children - fathers toward : Num. 30:3-5; Num. 30:16; Jdg. 6:14; 1S. 3:13; Ps. 78:5; Pr. 1:8; Mal. 2:15; Mal. 4:6; Luke 1:17; Col. 3:21

"The meaning here is that a reconciliation will be effected between the godly fathers of Israel and their ungodly descendants. Abraham is ashamed of the sinful generation to which God's messenger will speak; and they are ashamed of their great patriarchal ancestors. [So Hengstenberg and Keil.]" Ref-0183, p. 181. "In 1859, [Queen] Victoria told her firstborn, the eighteen-year-old Vicky, that Albert took the care of his family very seriously: “Papa says that the men who leave all home affairs—and the education of their children to their wives—forget their first duties.”" Ref-1497, loc. 3,959. "For many years, Albert taught the children for an hour a day himself." Ref-1497, loc. 3,962.


children - foolish : son - foolish
children - forget God : Jdg. 2:10; Jdg. 2:17
children - forsake God : generational - decline
children - forsaken by parents : Ps. 27:10; Isa. 49:15
children - Jesus had none : Isa. 53:8; Dan. 9:26

✪ A possible alternate meaning of these passages:"Feinberg declares, ‘It can only mean that He did not receive the Messianic kingdom at that time. When his own people rejected him (John 1:11), He did not receive what rightly belonged to Him.’ Before the kingdom can come, the Jews mus accept Jesus as Messiah so He can establish the kingdom in Jerusalem." Thomas Ice, "The 70 Weeks of Daniel", Ref-0209, p. 335.


children - millennial kingdom : millennial kingdom - posttribulational population problem
children - millennial kingdom - Commodianus : millennial kingdom - Commodianus
children - miracles - learn : miracles - children learn
children - of Abraham by faith : Abraham - father of faithful
children - pagan begotten : pagan - children begotten
children - rule : Isa. 3:4; Isa. 3:12; Ecc. 10:16
children - sinners : sin - from birth
children - teaching : teaching - children
children - toward parents : Ex. 20:12; Ex. 21:15-17; Deu. 5:16; Pr. 6:20; Pr. 10:1; Pr. 13:1; Pr. 15:5; Pr. 15:20; Pr. 19:13; Pr. 19:26; Pr. 17:21; Pr. 17:25; Pr. 20:20; Pr. 23:22; Pr. 23:24-25; Pr. 28:7; Pr. 28:24; Pr. 29:3; Pr. 30:11; Pr. 30:17; Pr. 31:28; Eze. 22:7; Mal. 2:15; Mal. 4:6; Luke 1:17 (?); Rom. 1:30; Col. 3:20

✪ Questionable: Luke 1:17 (?);


children - toward parents - death penalty : Ex. 21:15; Ex. 21:17; Lev. 19:3; Lev. 20:9; Deu. 27:16; Pr. 20:20
children - when old - by God : fertility - by God
chiliasm : millennial kingdom - Jerome ; millennial kingdom - Justin Martyr
chiliasm - Jerome : millennial kingdom - Jerome
chiliasm - Justin Martyr : millennial kingdom - Justin Martyr
Chilton, David, Days of Vengeance : Ref-0210
chimpanzees : link - missing - DNA
chimpanzees - humans - DNA : link - missing - DNA
chosen : called - subset; chosen - apostles; chosen - believers ; chosen - Israel ; chosen - not ; Judah - chosen ; Levites - separated to God; Paul - chosen; Solomon - chosen
chosen - apostles : Mat. 4:19; Mat. 9:9; Mark 1:17; Mark 1:20; Mark 2:14; Luke 5:27; Luke 6:13; John 1:43; John 6:70; John 15:16; John 17:6; Acts 1:2; Rom. 1:1; Rom. 1:6-7; Gal. 1:15
chosen - believers : Ps. 65:4; Eze. 3:17; Mat. 24:24; Mat. 24:31; Mark 13:20; Luke 10:22; Luke 18:7; John 1:13; John 6:37; John 6:44; John 6:65; John 13:18; John 15:16; John 15:19; John 17:2-11; John 17:24; Acts 2:39; Acts 13:48; Rom. 1:7; Rom. 8:28-31; Rom. 8:33; Rom. 9:15-16; Rom. 9:23; Rom. 10:20; Rom. 11:5; Rom. 11:7; 1Cor. 1:2; 1Cor. 1:9; 1Cor. 1:21; 1Cor. 1:26; 1Cor. 1:30; Gal. 1:15; Eph. 1:4; Eph. 4:1; Php. 3:12; 1Th. 1:4; 2Th. 2:13; 1Ti. 6:12; 2Ti. 1:9; 2Ti. 2:10; Tit. 1:1; Heb. 9:15; 1Pe. 1:2; 1Pe. 1:10; 1Pe. 2:9; 1Pe. 5:13; 2Pe. 1:3; Jude 1:1; Rev. 17:14

✪ See free will, predestination - of God. "The marvel of marvels is not that God, in His infinite love and justice, has not elected all of this guilty race to be saved, but that He has elected any." Ref-0096, p. 96. "According to the divine prerogative, an individual is sovereignly chosen by God to receive His gracious provision of salvation through Christ by imparting a new nature that gives a person the ability to respond by faith to His Word as convicted and spiritually illuminated by the Holy Spirit." John Baze, Doctrinal Statement, Original Word Ministries, p. 7. "Man is a fallen creature, with his mind in a state of enmity towards God. He is totally unable to save himself and to reunite himself with God. Everyone would be lost if God had not elected some for salvation and that unconditionally. It is only through Christ's death that it is possible for these people to be saved, and they would not see or accept that salvation if God through His irresistible grace in the Holy Spirit had not opened their eyes and persuaded them (not forced them) to accept the offer. And even after that, it is God who sustains them and keeps them from falling. Their salvation, therefore, is sure because it depends, not on them and their ability, but on God's grace. The church is a collection of the elect." Martyn Lloyd-Jones, Ref-0935, p. 195. "Divine sovereignty as it concerns individuals shows that salvation is altogether of grace. The sovereign will of God has chosen certain people to salvation. This is not a truth, he [Lloyd-Jones] stressed, for unbelievers but for those who are already believers. He then put to them a series of verses ‘to study later’, namely, Acts 13:48 . . . Romans 11:5-6; 1 Corinthians 1:26-29; Ephesians 1:3-5; 2 Thessalonians 2:13; 2 Timothy 1:9; 1 Peter 1:2; Romans 8:28-29 and 9:1-24; and Matthew 11:25-26. The meaning of these verses, he argued, is confirmed by other negative statements: no man can save himself, he must be re-born (John 3:3); no man can come to Christ ‘except the Father draw him’ (John :44 and Matt 16:17); no carnal mind can be ‘subject to the law of God’ (Rom. 8:7); no natural man can ‘receive the things of the Spirit of God’ (1 Cor. 2;14), etc. Such negatives complement the affirmatives." Ref-0935, p. 243. "In this connection there is an important distinction to be observed between the sovereign purpose of God and His desires. For specific and worthy reasons, God, as any other being, may purpose to do more or less than He desires. His desire is evidently toward the whole world (John 3:16), but His purpose is as clearly revealed to be toward the elect. In the important passage, “who would have all men to be saved” (1 Tim. 2:4, R.V.), this distinction is seen in that the passive rather than the active form of the verb save is used." Ref-0195, p. 3:199. "No foreseen excellency in the elected is the motive that influences God to choose them. Election is only from his good pleasure. God's election being the first thing that causes any distinction, there can be no distinction already existing, the foresight of which influences God to choose them. It is not the seeing of any amiableness in them above others, that causes God to choose them rather than the rest. God does not choose men, because they are excellent; but he makes them excellent, and because he has chosen them. . . . Nor did God choose men, because he foresaw that they would believe and come to Christ. Faith is the consequence of election, and not the cause of it(Acts 13:48). . . To suppose that election is from the foresight of faith, is to place calling before election, which is contrary to the order in which the Scripture represents things (Rom. 8:30)." Ref-1289, pp. 203-204. "Some deny a particular election, and say that there is no other election than a general determination, that all that believe and obey shall be saved. Some also own no more than an absolute election of nations. But God did from all eternity singly and distinctly choose, and set his love upon, every particular person that ever believes, as is evident by Gal. 2:20." Ref-1289, p. 206. "Sproul argued that drawing (ἑλκύω) [John 6:44] “mean(s) to compel by irresistible superiority. Linguistically and lexicographically, the word means ‘to compel.’ To compel is a much more forceful concept than to woo. Sproul and the new Calvinists define the drawing of God as literally the dragging of God, a word with striking negative connotation that does not align with the character of God. In addition to this, it is not what the word ἑλκύω actually means, but is instead forced upon it to support the author’s theological views. One need only look to Jeremiah 31:3, where this word is used in the Septuagint. “The LORD appeared to him from afar, saying, ‘I have loved you with an everlasting love; Therefore I have drawn you with lovingkindness” (NASB)." Drew Curley, New Calvinism, Part III: A Calvinist Soteriology, Ref-1525, Volume 19 Number 57 (Summer/Fall 2015), 133-184, p. 139. "Calvin did not define ἑλκύω as the new Calvinists. He viewed this drawing of God as being a wooing. He stated, “(God) continues to visit miserable sinners with unwearied kindness, until he subdues their depravity, and woos them back.” [Calvin, Institutes, 1.5.7]" Drew Curley, New Calvinism, Part III: A Calvinist Soteriology, Ref-1525, Volume 19 Number 57 (Summer/Fall 2015), 133-184, p. 139.


chosen - Israel : Ex. 3:7; Ex. 3:15; Ex. 3:18; Ex. 6:6; Ex. 19:5-6; Ex. 34:10; Lev. 20:26; Num. 23:9; Deu. 4:7-8; Deu. 4:34; Deu. 4:37; Deu. 7:6-8; Deu. 10:15; Deu. 14:2; Deu. 26:18-19; Deu. 28:10; Deu. 32:8-9; 2S. 7:23-24; 1K. 3:8; 1K. 8:53; 1Chr. 16:13; 1Chr. 17:21; Ps. 47:3-4; Ps. 105:6; Ps. 105:43; Ps. 106:5-7; Ps. 135:4; Ps. 147:19-20; Isa. 41:8-9; Isa. 43:1-4; Isa. 43:10; Isa. 43:15; Isa. 43:20-22; Isa. 44:1-2; Isa. 44:21; Isa. 45:4; Isa. 48:12; Jer. 10:16; Zec. 8:23; Mat. 24:22; Acts 13:17; Rom. 9:4; Rom. 11:5; Rom. 11:28

"According to Paul, unbelieving Israel retains her status as an elect people. Does this assertion mean that the majority of ethnic Israelites, although unbelieving, possess salvation? According to the Jewish scholar Raphael Jospe, chosenness and the obtaining of salvation are not identical concepts. Likewise, the apostle Paul, following the prophet Isaiah, distinguishes between being members of God's elect people and possessing salvation (Romans 9:27)." Ref-0685, p. 15. ". . . not surprisingly Bonar has penned a hymn in this vein.
Forgotten! No; that cannot be,
All other names may pass away;
But thine, My Israel, shall remain
In everlasting memory.
Forgotten! No; that cannot be,
The oath of Him who cannot lie
Is on thy city and thy land,
An oath to all eternity.
Forgotten of the Lord thy God!
No Israel, no, that cannot be,
He chose thee in the days of old
And still His favor rests on thee.
[Lamp & Light Hymns (Hitchen, Hertfordshire, England: The Society for Distribution Hebrew Scriptures, 2000), 64]"
Ref-1263, p. 11. "From a Christian perspective, election presupposes divine, particular, saving purpose directed toward sinful individuals (Rom. 5:8). But I maintain that God's elective regard for Israel rests on the same essential gracious basis." Ref-1263, p. 102 "I have plainly indicated that, notwithstanding Israel's ongoing rebellion and ungodliness even to date, God retains a deep covenantal interest in His people of the flesh in the same manner that He indicated this loyal love toward Israel as an adulterous people by means of the prophet Hosea (Hos 2:14-23; 14:1-9; cp. Mal 3:6). For this reason we love the modern State of Israel, we weep over it, we desire to proclaim to it "the glory of our great God and Savior, Jesus Christ" (Tit. 2:13), and yet we also anticipate that time when the Lord Jesus will be welcomed by the joyous exclamation of Israel, "Blessed is He who comes in the name of the Lord" (Matt 23:39)." Ref-1263, p. 142 "If God could call His people Israel, and afterwards give them up absolutely, how could I be sure that God would keep me always as His child? For if ever severely tried, it was in Israel. If I believe in the faithfulness of God to myself individually, why doubt it as to Israel?" Ref-0414, pp. 83-84. "What Jehovah has covenanted to His elect nation is one thing, and what He covenants to individuals within that nation is quite another thing. The national entity has been and will be preserved forever according to covenant promise (Isa. 66:22; Jer. 31:35-37; Gen. 17:7-8). The individual Israelite, on the other hand, was subject to a prescribed and regulated conduct which carried with it a penalty of individual judgment for every failure (Deut. 28:58-62; Ezek. 20:33-44; Matt. 24:51; 25:12, 30). The national standing (but not necessarily the spiritual state) of each Israelite, was secured by physical birth. Some of that nation did by faithfulness attain to more personal blessing than others of the nation (cf. Luke 2:25, 37), and some gloried in their tribal relationship (cf. Phil. 3:5); but these things added nothing to their rights within their covenants, which rights were secured to every one alike by physical birth." Ref-1518, p. 44. "The national covenants with Israel do not extend to the individual; they guarantee the perpetuity of the race or nation and its final blessing." Ref-1518, p. 88. "“Behold, it is a people dwelling apart, not reckoning itself among the heathen (Num. 23:9).” This has direct reference to the elect condition of the nation, and which election we have shown continues and will yet be wonderfully manifested in the special exaltation and supremacy of the nation at the Second Advent, Props. 24, 68, 114, etc. To confine this to the past is taking but a low estimate of the elect position of the nation." Ref-0141, p. 3:402.


chosen - Judah : Judah - chosen
chosen - Levites : Levites - separated to God
chosen - not : Pr. 16:4; Mat. 11:25-26; Luke 2:34; John 9:39; John 12:39-40; John 17:9; Acts 13:41; Rom. 1:28; Rom. 2:5; Rom. 9:13; Rom. 9:17-22; Rom. 11:7; 2Th. 2:11; 1Pe. 2:8; 2Pe. 2:12; Jude 1:4; Rev. 17:17

"The Westminster Confession, after stating the doctrine of election, adds: ‘The rest of mankind, God was pleased, according to the inscrutable counsel of His own will, whereby He extendeth or withholdeth mercy as He pleaseth, for the glory of His sovereign power over His creatures, to pass by, and to ordain them to dishonor and wrath for their sin, to the praise of His glorious justice.’" Ref-0096, p. 105. "If the decree dealt simply with innocent men, it would be unjust to assign one portion to condemnation; but since it deals with men in a particular state, which is a state of guilt and sin, it is not unjust." Ref-0096, p. 113. ". . .the withholding of His grace from the non-elect is but the negative cause of their perishing, just as the absence of a physician from the sick man is the occasion, not the efficient cause, of his death." Ref-0096, p. 115. "He has made no provision for the redemption of the Devil and the fallen angels. If it was consistent with God's infinite goodness and justice to pass by the whole body of fallen angels and to leave them to suffer the consequences of their sin, then certainly it is consistent with His goodness and justice to pass by some of the fallen race of men and to leave them in the sin." Ref-0096, p. 268. "If every person had been saved, it would not have been seen what sin deserved; if no person had been saved, it would not have been seen what grace could bestow." Ref-0096, p. 272. "Whoever rejects the Lord Jesus must bear all the blame for remaining condemned and lost, but whoever is saved must give to God all the glory and honor for his salvation and his new life in Christ." Ref-0233, p. 395. "[God] is going to do whatever it takes to bring any person who will respond positively to the gospel to that point. If somebody doesn't respond positively to the gospel, then that means that under no condition would they ever respond positively to the gospel, no pressure would be great enough." Ref-1367, 19.231.


chosen - Paul : Paul - chosen
chosen - Solomon : Solomon - chosen
chosen - subset : called - subset
Christ : anointed - Messiah = Christ; baptism - into Christ; Christ - believer - union ; Christ - believers indwelt by ; Christ - in Father ; Christ - in old testament; Christ - put on; chronology - A.D. 0029 (summer) - baptism of Christ - Steinmann ; chronology - A.D. 0033 (18 Nisan) - triumphal entry of Christ - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0004 - Christ - birth - Anderson ; chronology - B.C. 0004 - Christ - birth - historic views ; chronology - B.C. 0005 - Christ - birth - Anstey ; chronology - B.C. 0005 - Christ - birth - historic views ; chronology - B.C. 0005 - Christ - birth - Klassen ; chronology - B.C. 0005 - Christ - birth - Mauro ; chronology - B.C. 0006 - Christ - birth - historic views ; chronology - B.C. 0007 - Christ - birth - historic views ; day - of Christ ; dead - in Christ ; demons - recognize Christ or believers; denying - Christ; genealogy - of Christ ; Holy Spirit - Spirit of Jesus; imitate - Christ ; Passover lamb - Christ; present - session ; received - others as Christ; watch - for Christ
Christ - baptism - date - Steinmann : chronology - A.D. 0029 (summer) - baptism of Christ - Steinmann
Christ - baptism into : baptism - into Christ
Christ - believer - union : John 1:12-13; John 17:23; John 14:20; Rom. 6:3-4; Rom. 8:16-17 (1Cor. 12:12-27); 2Cor. 5:17; Gal. 3:26-27; Eph. 1:22-23; Eph. 2:1-4; Col. 1:27; Col. 2:12; 2Pe. 1:4; Rev. 3:20

✪ See Holy Spirit - baptism. "A careful consideration, however, will show that the baptism with the Spirit is not regeneration. This operation places the believer “in Christ” (Rom. 6:3,4; Gal. 3:27; 1Cor. 12:13; Col. 2:12), whereas regeneration results in Christ in the believer (John 17:23; Col. 1:27; Rev. 3:20). Regeneration imparts life. The baptism with the Spirit unites the life-possessing one to Christ, and to those who possess life in Him. Did not the Lord Jesus, in His great Upper Room Discourse, when uttering words prophetic of the Spirit’s Advent into the world at Pentecost, and His ministry during this present age, refer to a distinction between these two operations of the Spirit as “ye in Me” (baptism with the Spirit) and “I in you” (regeneration) (John 14:20)? The baptism with the Holy Spirit and regeneration are thus two complementary, and yet distinct, works of God, simultaneously and eternally wrought in the believer the moment he exercises saving faith in Christ. By regeneration the soul is quickened from death into life (Eph. 2:1–4). By the baptism with the Spirit the quickened soul is vitally united to Christ as Head (Eph. 1:22,23) and to all other believers as members of the one Body (1Cor. 12:12–27). By regeneration the one exercising saving faith becomes a child of God (John 1:12,13), is made a son in the Father’s house (Gal. 3:26), becomes a partaker of the divine nature (2Pe. 1:4), becomes an heir of God and a joint-heir with Christ (Rom. 8:16,17). By the baptism with the Holy Spirit the believing one is taken out of the old creation in Adam, and placed eternally in the new creation in Christ (2Cor. 5:17), the new federal Head, and all that Christ is, and has done is imputed to the believer. Our Savior, in His momentous words “Ye in Me, and I in you,” therefore, inseparably connects these two operations of the Spirit in this age, but also carefully distinguishes them." -- Merrill Unger, The Baptism with the Holy Spirit, Parts 1-3 Dallas Theological Seminary. Bibliotheca Sacra Volume 101, Page 232ff, 357ff, 483ff, Dallas Theological Seminary, 1944;2002, pp. 234-235. See 2003012601.htm.


Christ - believers indwelt by : Mat. 28:20; John 6:56; John 14:18; John 14:20; John 14:23; John 15:4-5; John 17:23; John 17:26; Rom. 8:10; 2Cor. 13:5; Gal. 1:16; Gal. 2:20; Eph. 3:17; Col. 1:26-27; 1Jn. 3:24

"The key passage is Colossians 1:26-27 where the indwelling of Christ is declared to be a mystery (cf. Rom. 16:25-26), that is, a New Testament truth not revealed in the Old Testament." Ref-0104, p. 256.


Christ - birth - B.C. 4 - Anderson : chronology - B.C. 0004 - Christ - birth - Anderson
Christ - birth - B.C. 4 - historic views : chronology - B.C. 0004 - Christ - birth - historic views
Christ - birth - B.C. 5 - historic views : chronology - B.C. 0005 - Christ - birth - historic views
Christ - birth - B.C. 6 - historic views : chronology - B.C. 0006 - Christ - birth - historic views
Christ - birth - B.C. 7 - historic views : chronology - B.C. 0007 - Christ - birth - historic views
Christ - birth - date - Anstey : chronology - B.C. 0005 - Christ - birth - Anstey
Christ - birth - date - Klassen : chronology - B.C. 0005 - Christ - birth - Klassen
Christ - birth - date - Mauro : chronology - B.C. 0005 - Christ - birth - Mauro
Christ - day of : day - of Christ
Christ - demons recognize : demons - recognize Christ or believers
Christ - denying : denying - Christ
Christ - geneology : genealogy - of Christ
Christ - imitate : imitate - Christ
Christ - in - dead : dead - in Christ
Christ - in Father : John 14:11

"Jesus speaks of the fact that he and his Father mutually indwell each other: ‘I am in the Father and the Father is in me’ (John 14:11; italics added, see also John 10:38; 14:10,20). The technical term for this mutual indwelling is perichoresis, or perichoretic union." Ref-1291, p. 282.


Christ - in old testament : 1Cor. 10:4
Christ - Messiah = anointed : anointed - Messiah = Christ
Christ - others received as : received - others as Christ
Christ - Passover lamb : Passover lamb - Christ
Christ - priestly role - present session : present - session
Christ - put on : Rom. 13:14; Gal. 3:27
Christ - Spirit of : Holy Spirit - Spirit of Jesus
Christ - triumphal entry - date - Steinmann : chronology - A.D. 0033 (18 Nisan) - triumphal entry of Christ - Steinmann
Christ - watching for : watch - for Christ
Christ Tempted and Sympathizing. : Ref-0658
Christ Tempted and Sympathizing. - Kelly, William. : Ref-0658
Christian : Christian - as title; Septuagint - Christian use of
Christian - as title : Acts 11:26; Acts 26:28; 1Pe. 4:16
Christian - Septuagint - use of : Septuagint - Christian use of
Christian Apologetics, Norman L. Geisler : Ref-1086
Christian Apologetics, Norman L. Geisler - Feinberg, Paul D., Christian Apologetics : Ref-1086
Christian Apologetics, Norman L. Geisler - Feinberg, Paul D., Christian Apologetics - Geisler, Norman L., Christian Apologetics : Ref-1086
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Christian History : Paul and his times. 1995; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. : Ref-0290
Christian History : Paul and his times. 1995; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. - Logos-0050 : Ref-0290
Christian History : Persecution in the Early Church. 1990; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. : Ref-0270
Christian History : Persecution in the Early Church. 1990; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. - Logos-0030 : Ref-0270
Christian History : Pietism. 1986; Publsished in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. : Ref-0253
Christian History : Pietism. 1986; Publsished in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. - Logos-0013 : Ref-0253
Christian History : Russian Christianity. 1988; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. : Ref-0262
Christian History : Russian Christianity. 1988; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. - Logos-0022 : Ref-0262
Christian History : Spiritual awakenings in North America. 1989; Publsished in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. : Ref-0266
Christian History : Spiritual awakenings in North America. 1989; Publsished in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. - Logos-0026 : Ref-0266
Christian History : The American Revolution. 1996; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. : Ref-0293
Christian History : The American Revolution. 1996; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. - Logos-0053 : Ref-0293
Christian History : The Anabaptists. 1985; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. : Ref-0249
Christian History : The Anabaptists. 1985; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. - Logos-0009 : Ref-0249
Christian History : The Baptists. 1985; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. : Ref-0250
Christian History : The Baptists. 1985; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. - Logos-0010 : Ref-0250
Christian History : The Crusades. 1993; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. : Ref-0283
Christian History : The Crusades. 1993; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. - Logos-0043 : Ref-0283
Christian History : The golden age of hymns. 1991; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. : Ref-0274
Christian History : The golden age of hymns. 1991; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. - Logos-0034 : Ref-0274
Christian History : The Waldensians. 1989; Publsished in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. : Ref-0265
Christian History : The Waldensians. 1989; Publsished in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. - Logos-0025 : Ref-0265
Christian History : Thomas Cranmer and the English Reformation. 1995; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. : Ref-0291
Christian History : Thomas Cranmer and the English Reformation. 1995; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. - Logos-0051 : Ref-0291
Christian History : Ulrich Zwingli. 1984; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. : Ref-0248
Christian History : Ulrich Zwingli. 1984; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. - Logos-0008 : Ref-0248
Christian History : William and Catherine Booth. 1990; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. : Ref-0269
Christian History : William and Catherine Booth. 1990; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. - Logos-0029 : Ref-0269
Christian History : William Carey and the Great Missions Century. 1992; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. : Ref-0279
Christian History : William Carey and the Great Missions Century. 1992; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. - Logos-0039 : Ref-0279
Christian History : William Tyndale. 1987; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. : Ref-0259
Christian History : William Tyndale. 1987; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. - Logos-0019 : Ref-0259
Christian History : Women in the early church. 1988; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. : Ref-0260
Christian History : Women in the early church. 1988; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. - Logos-0020 : Ref-0260
Christian History : Women in the Medieval Church. 1991; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. : Ref-0273
Christian History : Women in the Medieval Church. 1991; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. - Logos-0033 : Ref-0273
Christian History : Worship in the early church. 1993; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. : Ref-0280
Christian History : Worship in the early church. 1993; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. - Logos-0040 : Ref-0280
Christian History : Zinzendorf and the Moravians. 1982; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. : Ref-0245
Christian History : Zinzendorf and the Moravians. 1982; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. - Logos-0005 : Ref-0245
Christian History [computer file] : The American Puritans. 1994; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. : Ref-0284
Christian History [computer file] : The American Puritans. 1994; Published in electronic form by Logos Research Systems, 1996 (electronic ed.). Carol Stream IL: Christianity Today. - Logos-0044 : Ref-0284
Christian influence : civilization - Christian influence
Christian influence - civilization : civilization - Christian influence
Christian Jihad, Ergun Mehmet Caner and Emir Fethi Caner : Ref-0692
Christian Jihad, Ergun Mehmet Caner and Emir Fethi Caner - Caner, Ergun Mehmet and Caner, Emir Fethi, Christian Jihad : Ref-0692
Christian Law Association : Ref-1361
Christian Law Association - Legal Alert : Ref-1361
Christian Research Institute. Christian Research Journal. : Ref-0113
Christian Research Institute. Christian Research Journal. - Christian Research Journal : Ref-0113
Christian Research Journal : Ref-0113
Christian Research Journal - Christian Research Institute. Christian Research Journal. : Ref-0113
Christian terminology : terminology - Christian - misused
Christian terminology - misused : terminology - Christian - misused
Christian Theology : Ref-0139
Christian Theology - Erickson, Millard J. Christian Theology : Ref-0139
Christian View of God and the World, The, Orr : Ref-1055
Christian View of God and the World, The, Orr - Cross-0126 - Orr, Christian View of God and the World, The : Ref-1055
Christian View of God and the World, The, Orr - Orr, Christian View of God and the World, The : Ref-1055
Christianity : Christianity - discredited; Christianity - sect of Judaism; historical - Christianity ; Josephus - Christian evidence ; Way - title of Christians; women - Christianity values
Christianity - called the way : Way - title of Christians
Christianity - discredited : 2Pe. 2:2-3
Christianity - historical : historical - Christianity
Christianity - Josephus evidence : Josephus - Christian evidence
Christianity - sect of Judaism : Acts 28:22
Christianity - women - valued : women - Christianity values
Christianity and Liberalism, J. G. Machen : Ref-0877
Christianity and Liberalism, J. G. Machen - Cross-0027 - Machen, J. G., Christianity and Liberalism : Ref-0877
Christianity and Liberalism, J. G. Machen - Machen, J. G., Christianity and Liberalism : Ref-0877
Christianity and the Celts, Ted Olsen : Ref-1259
Christianity and the Celts, Ted Olsen - Logos-0676 - Olsen, Ted, Christianity and the Celts : Ref-1259
Christianity and the Celts, Ted Olsen - Olsen, Ted, Christianity and the Celts : Ref-1259
Christians : Jerusalem - flight before 70 A.D. ; prison - believers ; Tacitus - Christians
Christians - flee Jerusalem : Jerusalem - flight before 70 A.D.
Christians - prison : prison - believers
Christians - Tacitus : Tacitus - Christians
Christlike : becoming - like Christ
Christlike - becoming : becoming - like Christ
Christmas : Christmas - date assigned
Christmas - date assigned :

"From sun-worship, for example, came the celebration of Christ's birth on the twenty-fifth of December, the birthday of the Sun. Saturnalia, the Roman winter festival of 17-21 of December, provided the merriment, gift-giving and candles typical of later Christmas holidays." Ref-0063, p. 141. "The first mention of Christmas as a festival of the church on 25 December, refers to A.D. 336. It comes in the Philocalian Catalogue (354), a civil and religious calendar compiled at Rome. In the East, 6 January, known as Epiphany, was favoured as the anniversary of Christ's birth and baptism. The Western date was introduced into the East by John Chrysostom near the end of the fourth century. Subsequently the birth of Christ was celebrated by both East and West on 25 December. Meanwhile Epiphany had come from the East to the West, where it commemorated the revealing of Jesus to the Gentiles -- originally to the Wise Men." Ref-0063, p. 155.


Christology : Christology - heretical views ; Christology - meaning
Christology - heretical views :

"The Lord's humanity was complete, in contrast to Apollinarianism, which taught that the divine Logos took the place of a human spirit in the man Jesus. The Lord Jesus was completely a man -- body, soul, and spirit. Yes, Christ is God, but He is also man -- He is both. His humanity was real and permanent, as against various forms of Docetism. The Lord's divine and human natures remained unchanged and unmixed, each fulfilling its role according to its proper laws, in contrast with Eutychianism, which taught that the Incarnation produced a third nature, a kind of deified humanity in which the properties of true human nature are lost. The Lord's human and divine natures were united in one person, in contrast with Nestorianism, which taught that Jesus had two personalities or was two persons." David J. Macleod, "The Incarnation of the Word: John 1:14", Ref-0200, vol. 161 no. 641, January-March 2004 (pp. 72-88), p. 76.


Christology - meaning :

✪ The study of Jesus Christ.


Christology Of The Old Testament, Hengstenberg, E.W. : Ref-0163
Christology Of The Old Testament, Hengstenberg, E.W. - Hengstenberg, E. W. Christology Of The Old Testament : Ref-0163
christs : false - christs
christs - false : false - christs
chronicles : kings - chronicles of kings of Israel
chronicles - of kings of Israel : kings - chronicles of kings of Israel
Chronological and Background Charts of the New Testament : Ref-0080
Chronological and Background Charts of the New Testament - House, H. Wayne. Chronological and Background Charts of the New Testament : Ref-0080
Chronological Aspects of the Life of Christ : Ref-0044
Chronological Aspects of the Life of Christ - Hoehner, Harold W. Chronological Aspects of the Life of Christ : Ref-0044
chronology : Caesars - Roman ; chronology - 0000 ; chronology - 20190613144512 ; chronology - 20190613161243 ; chronology - 20200206152154 ; chronology - A.D. 0000 ; chronology - A.D. 0002 - birth of Christ - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - A.D. 0002/003 - birth of Christ - Africanus - Finegan-CHRONO ; chronology - A.D. 0002/3 - birth of Christ - Eusebius - Finegan-CHRONO ; chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Anger - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Bengel - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Ellicott - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Greswell - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Irenaeus - Jones-CHRONO ; chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Jones-CHRONO ; chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Lange - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Lichtenstein - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Merivale - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Plumptre - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Tertullian - Jones-CHRONO ; chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Wieseler - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - Andrews - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - Angus - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - Anstey-CHRONO ; chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - Anstey-TABLES ; chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - Browne - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - Mauro-WONDERS ; chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - McClellan - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - Petavius - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - Robinson - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - Tillemont - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - Ussher - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0006 - birth of Christ - Ewald - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0006 - birth of Christ - Ideler - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0006 - birth of Christ - Kepler - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0006 - birth of Christ - Lardner - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0007 - birth of Christ - Alexander, Jos. A. - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0007 - birth of Christ - Alford - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0007 - birth of Christ - Ebrard - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0007 - birth of Christ - Jarvis - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0007 - birth of Christ - Keim, - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0007 - birth of Christ - Münter - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0007 - birth of Christ - Sanclemente - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0007 - birth of Christ - The French Benedictines - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0007 - birth of Christ - Wurm - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0007 - birth of Christ - Zumpt - Schaff-HISTORY ; chronology - A.D. 0025 - baptism of Christ - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - A.D. 0025 - baptism of Jesus - Klassen ; chronology - A.D. 0025 - seventy sevens ends - Klassen ; chronology - A.D. 0026 - baptism of Christ - Austin ; chronology - A.D. 0026 - baptism of Christ - Austin-PERIODS ; chronology - A.D. 0026 - baptism of Christ - Finegan-CHRONO ; chronology - A.D. 0026 - baptism of Christ - Jones-CHRONO ; chronology - A.D. 0026 - baptism of Christ - Mauro ; chronology - A.D. 0026 - baptism of Christ - Mauro-WONDERS ; chronology - A.D. 0026 - baptism of Christ - Payne-PROPHECY ; chronology - A.D. 0026 - seventy sevens ends - Austin ; chronology - A.D. 0026 - seventy sevens ends - Mauro ; chronology - A.D. 0027 - baptism of Christ - Archer-RATIONALISM ; chronology - A.D. 0028 - baptism of Christ - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - A.D. 0029 (summer) - baptism of Christ - Steinmann ; chronology - A.D. 0029 - baptism of Christ - Hoehner-CHRONO ; chronology - A.D. 0029 - baptism of Christ - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - A.D. 0029 - crucifixion of Christ - Klassen ; chronology - A.D. 0029 - crucifixion of Christ - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - A.D. 0030 - crucifixion of Christ - Bruce ; chronology - A.D. 0030 - crucifixion of Christ - Bruce-RELIABLE ; chronology - A.D. 0030 - crucifixion of Christ - Jones ; chronology - A.D. 0030 - crucifixion of Christ - Jones-CHRONO ; chronology - A.D. 0030 - crucifixion of Christ - JUDAICA ; chronology - A.D. 0030 - crucifixion of Christ - Lanser ; chronology - A.D. 0030 - crucifixion of Christ - Payne-PROPHECY ; chronology - A.D. 0030 - crucifixion of Christ - Thomas ; chronology - A.D. 0030 - crucifixion of Christ - Thomas-HARMONY ; chronology - A.D. 0032 - crucifixion of Christ - Anderson ; chronology - A.D. 0032 - crucifixion of Christ - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - A.D. 0032 - crucifixion of Christ - Showers ; chronology - A.D. 0032 - crucifixion of Christ - Showers-SEVENTY ; chronology - A.D. 0033 (14 Nisan, April 3) - crucifixion of Christ - Steinmann ; chronology - A.D. 0033 (18 Nisan) - triumphal entry of Christ - Steinmann ; chronology - A.D. 0033 (late May) - Pentecost - Steinmann ; chronology - A.D. 0033 - crucifixion of Christ - Finegan ; chronology - A.D. 0033 - crucifixion of Christ - Finegan-CHRONO ; chronology - A.D. 0033 - crucifixion of Christ - Hoehner ; chronology - A.D. 0033 - crucifixion of Christ - Hoehner-CHRONO ; chronology - A.D. 0033 - crucifixion of Christ - Showers-SEVENTY ; chronology - A.D. 0033 - crucifixion of Christ - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - A.D. 0033 - crucifixion of Christ - Young ; chronology - A.D. 0033 - crucifixion of Christ - Young-ECLIPSES ; chronology - A.D. 0036 (early) - Stephen martyred - Steinmann ; chronology - A.D. 0036 (late) - Paul converted - Steinmann ; chronology - A.D. 0036 - 0037 - Philip to Samaria and Judea - Steinmann ; chronology - A.D. 0038 - Paul escapes Damascus - Steinmann ; chronology - A.D. 0039 - Cornelius saved - Steinmann ; chronology - A.D. 0040 - Agabus’ prophecy - Steinmann ; chronology - A.D. 0042 (late 42/early 43) - James executed - Steinmann ; chronology - A.D. 0045 - 0048 - Paul’s first missionary journey - Steinmann ; chronology - A.D. 0049 (January) - Jerusalem council - Steinmann ; chronology - A.D. 0049 - 0051 - Paul’s second missionary journey - Steinmann ; chronology - A.D. 0052 - 0055 - Paul’s third missionary journey - Steinmann ; chronology - A.D. 0055 (early July) - Paul before Felix - Steinmann ; chronology - A.D. 0057 (early July) - Paul before Agrippa - Steinmann ; chronology - A.D. 0057 - 0058 - Paul’s voyage to Rome - Steinmann ; chronology - A.D. 0060 - Paul to Spain - Steinmann ; chronology - A.D. 0062 - James, brother of Jesus executed - Steinmann ; chronology - A.D. 0063 - James martyred ; chronology - A.D. 0067 (or early 0068) - Peter and Paul martyred - Steinmann ; chronology - A.D. 0070 - Herod's (Zerubbabel's) Temple destroyed ; chronology - A.D. 0096 - Domitian killed ; chronology - A.D. 0321 - edict of Constantine ; chronology - A.D. 0382 - A.D. 405 - Vulgate ; chronology - A.D. 0410 - Rome (western branch) falls ; chronology - A.D. 0570 - Mohammed born ; chronology - A.D. 0610 - Mohammed's revelation ; chronology - A.D. 0622 - Mohammed's flight to Medina ; chronology - A.D. 0632 - Mohammed dies ; chronology - A.D. 0638 - Islam captures Jerusalem ; chronology - A.D. 0691 - Dome of Rock built ; chronology - A.D. 0715 - Al Aqsa Mosque built ; chronology - A.D. 1187 - Jerusalem falls to Saladin ; chronology - A.D. 1215 - Fourth Lateran Council - transubstantiation ; chronology - A.D. 1406 - Burning of Ai ; chronology - A.D. 1453 - Roman Empire (eastern branch) falls ; chronology - A.D. 1478 - Inquisition begins ; chronology - A.D. 1582 - Gregorian calendar ; chronology - A.D. 1648 - Westminster Confession ; chronology - A.D. 1820 - Inquisition ends ; chronology - A.D. 1917 - Balfour Declaration ; chronology - A.D. 1947 - UN Vote on Jewish State ; chronology - A.D. 1948 - Israel declares independence ; chronology - A.D. 1967 - Six-Day War ; chronology - A.D. 1973 - Yom Kippur War ; chronology - accession-year - divided kingdom ; chronology - accession-year reckoning ; chronology - Anno Domini - 4 year error ; chronology - apologetic value ; chronology - Assyrian eponym canon ; chronology - astronomy - use ; chronology - B.C. 0000 ; chronology - B.C. 0001 - Herod the great dies - Young ; chronology - B.C. 0003 (late 3 or early 2) - Jesus born - church fathers ; chronology - B.C. 0003 (late 3 or early 2) - Jesus born - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0003 (mid) - John the baptist born - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0003 - Jesus - born ; chronology - B.C. 0004 - Christ - birth - Anderson ; chronology - B.C. 0004 - Christ - birth - historic views ; chronology - B.C. 0004 - Herod - death - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 0004 - Jesus - born - Irenaeus ; chronology - B.C. 0004 - Jesus - born - Tertullian ; chronology - B.C. 0004 - Jesus - born vs. creation - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 0005 - Christ - birth - Anstey ; chronology - B.C. 0005 - Christ - birth - historic views ; chronology - B.C. 0005 - Christ - birth - Klassen ; chronology - B.C. 0005 - Christ - birth - Mauro ; chronology - B.C. 0005 - Magi observe the star - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0006 - Christ - birth - historic views ; chronology - B.C. 0007 - Christ - birth - historic views ; chronology - B.C. 0020 - Zerubbabel's Temple reconstructed by Herod ; chronology - B.C. 0020 - Zerubbabel’s Temple reconstructed by Herod ; chronology - B.C. 0034→0004 - Reign of Herod the Great - JUDAICA ; chronology - B.C. 0036 - Herod conquers Jerusalem - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0037→0003 - Reign of Herod the Great - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0037→0004 - Reign of Herod the Great - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0037→0004 - Reign of Herod the Great - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0038 (Tishri) - Herod first regnal year - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0039 (late) - Herod appointed king - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0039→0001 - Reign of Herod the Great - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0039→???? - Reign of Herod the Great - Finegan-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0040→0004 - Reign of Herod the Great - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0040→0037 - Reign of Antigonus Mattathias (Hasmonean) - JUDAICA ; chronology - B.C. 0040→0037 - Reign of Antigonus Mattathias (Hasmonean) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0044 - Julius Caesar authorizes Antipator and Hyrcanus to repair walls of Jerusalem - Ironside-SILENT ; chronology - B.C. 0063 - A.D. 0410 - Roman Empire over middle east ; chronology - B.C. 0063 - Pompey in Judea - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0063 - Pompey in Judea - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0063 - Pompey in Judea - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0063 - Pompey invades middle east ; chronology - B.C. 0063→0040 - Hyrcanus II (Hasmonean) - JUDAICA ; chronology - B.C. 0063→0040 - Hyrcanus II (Hasmonean) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0067→0063 - Aristobulus II (Hasmonean) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0067→???? - Aristobulus II (Hasmonean) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0072→0046 - Reign of Ptolemy XI (Egypt) - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0076→0067 - Hyrcanus II and Salome Alexandra (Hasmonean) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0076→0067 - Hyrcanus II and Salome Alexandra (Hasmonean) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0080→0051 - Reign of Ptolemy XI (Egypt) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0088→0080 - Reign of Ptolemy X (Egypt) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0089→0072 - Reign of Ptolemy X (Egypt) - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0103→0076 - Alexander Jannaeus (Hasmonean) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0103→0076 - Alexander Jannaeus (Hasmonean) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0103→0076 - Alexander Jannaeus (Hasmonean) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0104→0103 - Aristobulus I (Hasmonean) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0104→0103 - Aristobulus I (Hasmonean) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0107→0088 - Reign of Ptolemy IX (Egypt) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0108→0089 - Reign of Ptolemy IX (Egypt) - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0113 - Samaritan temple destroyed ; chronology - B.C. 0117→0107 - Reign of Ptolemy VIII (Egypt) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0117→0109 - Reign of Ptolemy VIII (Egypt) - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0129→0125 - Second Reign of Demetrius II Nicator (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0135→0104 - John Hyrcanus I (Hasmonean) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0135→0104 - John Hyrcanus I (Hasmonean) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0135→0104 - John Hyrcanus I (Hasmonean) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0138/0139→0129 - Reign of Antiochus VII Sidetes (Syria) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0138→0129 - Reign of Antiochus VII Sidetes (Syria) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0138→0129 - Reign of Antiochus VII Sidetes (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0138→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0139→0129 - Reign of Antiochus VII Sidetes (Syria) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0143→0134 - Simon Maccabaeus (Hasmonean) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0143→0135 - Simon Maccabaeus (Hasmonean) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0143→0135 - Simon Maccabaeus (Hasmonean) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0145→0117 - Reign of Ptolemy VII Physcon (Egypt) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0145→0117 - Reign of Ptolemy VII Physcon (Egypt) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0145→0138 - Reign of Demetrius II Nicator (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0145→0142 - Reign of Antiochus VI Epiphanes Dionysus (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0146→0117 - Reign of Ptolemy VII Physcon (Egypt) - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0150 ca. - Dead Sea Community - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0150→0145 - Reign of Alexander Balas (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0152→0143 - Reign of Jonathan Maccabaeus (Hasmonean) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0160→0143 - Reign of Jonathan Maccabaeus (Hasmonean) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0160→0143 - Reign of Jonathan Maccabaeus (Hasmonean) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0162→0150 - Reign of Demetrius I Soter (Syria) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0162→0150 - Reign of Demetrius I Soter (Syria) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0162→0150 - Reign of Demetrius I Soter (Syria) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0162→0150 - Reign of Demetrius I Soter (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0163→0162 - Reign of Antiochus V Eupator (Syria) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0163→0162 - Reign of Antiochus V Eupator (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0164 - Cleansing of the Temple (Channukah) - JUDAICA ; chronology - B.C. 0164 - Hannukah ; chronology - B.C. 0164→0160 - Reign of Judas Maccabaeus (Hasmonean) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0164→0162 - Reign of Antiochus V Eupator (Syria) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0165 - Cleansing of the Temple (Channukah) - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0165 - Cleansing of the Temple (Channukah) - Ironside-SILENT ; chronology - B.C. 0166→0161 - Reign of Judas Maccabaeus (Hasmonean) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0167 (15 Kislev) - Antiochus Epiphanes IV desecrates temple - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0167 - Antiochus Epiphanes IV descrates temple ; chronology - B.C. 0167 - Maccabees and Hasmoneans come to power ; chronology - B.C. 0167→0140 - Maccabees in Judaea - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0167→0161 - Reign of Judas Maccabaeus (Hasmonean) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0168 - Antiochus Epiphanes IV desecrates temple ; chronology - B.C. 0175 - Antiochus Epiphanes IV born - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0175 - B.C. 164 Antiochus Epiphanes IV lives - Tyndale Seminary ; chronology - B.C. 0175→0163 - Reign of Antiochus IV Epiphanes (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0175→0164 - Reign of Antiochus IV Epiphanes (Syria) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0175→0164 - Reign of Antiochus IV Epiphanes (Syria) - Mack-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0175→0164 - Reign of Antiochus IV Epiphanes (Syria) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0175→???? - Reign of Antiochus IV Epiphanes (Syria) - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0176→0163 - Reign of Antiochus IV Epiphanes (Syria) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0180→0145 - Reign of Ptolemy VI Philometer (Egypt) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0180→???? - Reign of Ptolemy VI Philometer (Egypt) - Ironside-SILENT ; chronology - B.C. 0181→0145 - Reign of Ptolemy VI Philometer (Egypt) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0181→0170 - Reign of Ptolemy VI Philometer (Egypt) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0182→0146 - Reign of Ptolemy VI Philometer (Egypt) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0182→0146 - Reign of Ptolemy VI Philometer (Egypt) - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0187→0175 - Reign of Seleucus IV Philopator (Syria) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0187→0175 - Reign of Seleucus IV Philopator (Syria) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0187→0175 - Reign of Seleucus IV Philopator (Syria) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0187→0175 - Reign of Seleucus IV Philopator (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0203→0181 - Reign of Ptolemy V Epiphanes (Egypt) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0203→0181 - Reign of Ptolemy V Epiphanes (Egypt) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0204→0180 - Reign of Ptolemy V Epiphanes (Egypt) - Ironside-SILENT ; chronology - B.C. 0204→0182 - Reign of Ptolemy V Epiphanes (Egypt) - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0205→0182 - Reign of Ptolemy V Epiphanes (Egypt) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0205→???? - Reign of Ptolemy V Epiphanes (Egypt) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0221→0203 - Reign of Ptolemy IV Philopator (Egypt) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0221→0203 - Reign of Ptolemy IV Philopator (Egypt) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0221→0205 - Reign of Ptolemy IV Philopator (Egypt) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0222→0204 - Reign of Ptolemy IV Philopator (Egypt) - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0222→0205 - Reign of Ptolemy IV Philopator (Egypt) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0223→0187 - Reign of Antiochus III the Great (Syria) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0223→0187 - Reign of Antiochus III the Great (Syria) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0223→0187 - Reign of Antiochus III the Great (Syria) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0223→0187 - Reign of Antiochus III the Great (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0223→???? - Reign of Antiochus III the Great (Syria) - Ironside-SILENT ; chronology - B.C. 0225→0223 - Reign of Seleucus III Soter (Syria) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0225→0223 - Reign of Seleucus III Soter (Syria) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0226→0223 - Reign of Seleucus III Soter (Syria) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0226→0223 - Reign of Seleucus III Soter (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0246→0221 - Reign of Ptolemy III Euergetes (Egypt) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0246→0221 - Reign of Ptolemy III Euergetes (Egypt) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0246→0221 - Reign of Ptolemy III Euergetes (Egypt) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0246→0225 - Reign of Seleucus II Callinicus (Syria) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0246→0226 - Reign of Seleucus II Callinicus (Syria) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0246→0226/0225 - Reign of Seleucus II Callinicus (Syria) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0247→0222 - Reign of Ptolemy III Euergetes (Egypt) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0247→0222 - Reign of Ptolemy III Euergetes (Egypt) - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0247→0226 - Reign of Seleucus II Callinicus (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0247→???? - Reign of Ptolemy III Euergetes (Egypt) - Ironside-SILENT ; chronology - B.C. 0261→0246 - Reign of Antiochus II Theos (Syria) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0261→0246 - Reign of Antiochus II Theos (Syria) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0261→0246 - Reign of Antiochus II Theos (Syria) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0261→0247 - Reign of Antiochus II Theos (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0280→0261 - Reign of Antiochus I Soter (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0281→0261 - Reign of Antiochus I Soter (Syria) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0281→0261 - Reign of Antiochus I Soter (Syria) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0281→0261 - Reign of Antiochus I Soter (Syria) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0282→0247 - Reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Egypt) - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0283/0282→???? - Reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Egypt) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0283→0246 - Reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Egypt) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0284→???? - Reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Egypt) - Ironside-SILENT ; chronology - B.C. 0285→0246 - Reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Egypt) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0285→0247 - Reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Egypt) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0312→0280 - Reign of Seleucus I Nicator (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0312→0281 - Reign of Seleucus I Nicator (Syria) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0312→0281 - Reign of Seleucus I Nicator (Syria) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0312→???? - Reign of Seleucus I Nicator (Syria) - JUDAICA ; chronology - B.C. 0321 - Death of Alexander the Great ; chronology - B.C. 0323→0282 - Reign of Ptolemy I Lagi (or Soter) (Egypt) - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0323→0283 - Reign of Ptolemy I Lagi (or Soter) (Egypt) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0323→0285 - Reign of Ptolemy I Lagi (or Soter) (Egypt) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0323→0285 - Reign of Ptolemy I Lagi (or Soter) (Egypt) - Scott-JEWISH ; chronology - B.C. 0331 - Death of Alexander the Great ; chronology - B.C. 0331→0323 - Reign of Alexander the Great (Greece) - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0333 to B.C. 0063 - Greek Empire under Alexander, Ptolemies, Seleucids ; chronology - B.C. 0334→0323 - Reign of Alexander the Great (Greece) - Whitcomb-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0335 - 0331 - Darius Codomannus - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0335n→0331 - Reign of Darius III (Codomannus, Persia) - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0335→0323 - Reign of Alexander the Great (Greece) - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0335→0330 - Reign of Darius III (Codomannus, Persia) - Larkin-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0335→0331 - Reign of Darius III (Codomannus, Persia) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0335→0331 - Reign of Darius III (Codomannus, Persia) - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0335→0332 - Reign of Darius III (Codomannus, Persia) - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS ; chronology - B.C. 0336→0323 - Reign of Alexander the Great (Greece) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0336→0323 - Reign of Alexander the Great (Greece) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0336→0330 - Reign of Darius III (Codomannus, Persia) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0336→0331 - Reign of Darius III (Codomannus, Persia) - Schlegal-SBA ; chronology - B.C. 0336→0332 - Reign of Darius III (Codomannus, Persia) - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0337 - 0336 - Arses - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0337→0336 - Reign of Arses (Persia) - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0337→0336 - Reign of Arses (Persia) - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS ; chronology - B.C. 0337→0336/0335 - Reign of Arses (Persia) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0338→0335 - Reign of Arses (Persia) - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0338→0336 - Reign of Arses (Persia) - Bissell-APOCRYPHA ; chronology - B.C. 0338→0336 - Reign of Arses (Persia) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0338→0336 - Reign of Arses (Persia) - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0358 - 0338 - Artaxerxes Ochus - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0358n→0338 - Reign of Artaxerxes III (Ochus, Persia) - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0358→0335 - Reign of Artaxerxes III (Ochus, Persia) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0358→0338 - Reign of Artaxerxes III (Ochus, Persia) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0358→0338 - Reign of Artaxerxes III (Ochus, Persia) - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0358→0338 - Reign of Artaxerxes III (Ochus, Persia) - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0358→0338 - Reign of Artaxerxes III (Ochus, Persia) - Ptomony[Thiele-KINGS ; chronology - B.C. 0358→0338 - Reign of Artaxerxes III (Ochus, Persia) - Schlegal-SBA ; chronology - B.C. 0358→338/337 - Reign of Artaxerxes III (Ochus, Persia) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0358→0339 - Reign of Artaxerxes III (Ochus, Persia) - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0359→0337 - Reign of Artaxerxes III (Ochus, Persia) - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0359→0338 - Reign of Artaxerxes III (Ochus, Persia) - Bissell-APOCRYPHA ; chronology - B.C. 0404 - 0359 - Artaxerxes Mnemon - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0404→0358 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0404→0358 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - JUDAICA ; chronology - B.C. 0404→0358 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0404→0358 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0404→0358 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - Schlegal-SBA ; chronology - B.C. 0404→0359 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - Bissell-APOCRYPHA ; chronology - B.C. 0404→0359 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0404→0359 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0404→0359 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS ; chronology - B.C. 0405 - Darius Nothus - reign ends - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0405→0350 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0405→0359 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0423→0404 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0423→0404 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - Criswell-BIBLE ; chronology - B.C. 0423→0404 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0423→0404 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0423→0404 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0423→0405 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0423→0405 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS ; chronology - B.C. 0424 - Darius Nothus - reign begins - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0424 - Secondianus (Sogdianus) - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0424 - Xerxes II - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0424→0404 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - Bissell-APOCRYPHA ; chronology - B.C. 0424→0404 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - Schlegal-SBA ; chronology - B.C. 0424→0405 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0424→0405 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0432 - Sanballat builds temple - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0444 - Decree of Artaxerxes I Longimanus to Nehemiah - Hoehner-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0444 - Decree of Artaxerxes I Longimanus to Nehemiah - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0444 to 0033 A.D. - seventy sevens ; chronology - B.C. 0445 (3 Ab) - Jerusalem - walls started - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0445 (25 Elul) - Jerusalem - walls finished - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0445 - Decree of Artaxerxes I Longimanus to Nehemiah - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0445 - Decree of Artaxerxes I Longimanus to Nehemiah - How-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0445 - Decree of Artaxerxes I Longimanus to Nehemiah - JUDAICA ; chronology - B.C. 0454 - Nehemiah - returns to Judah - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0454 - seventy weeks - begin - Pierce ; chronology - B.C. 0457 - Decree of Artaxerxes I Longimanus to Ezra - Archer-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0457 - Decree of Artaxerxes I Longimanus to Ezra - Hoehner-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0457 - Decree of Artaxerxes to Ezra - Hoehner ; chronology - B.C. 0457 - Decree of Cyrus - Mauro ; chronology - B.C. 0457 - Ezra sets out for Jerusalem - Baron ; chronology - B.C. 0457 - seventy sevens begins - Austin ; chronology - B.C. 0457 - seventy sevens begins - Mauro ; chronology - B.C. 0458 - Decree of Artaxerxes I Longimanus to Ezra - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0458 - Decree of Artaxerxes I Longimanus to Ezra - Baron-TEN ; chronology - B.C. 0458 - Decree of Artaxerxes I Longimanus to Ezra - JUDAICA ; chronology - B.C. 0458 - Decree of Artaxerxes I Longimanus to Ezra - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0464 - 0425 - Artaxerxes Longimanus - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0464n→0424 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0464→0423 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0464→0423 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0464→0423 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0464→0424 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Criswell-BIBLE ; chronology - B.C. 0464→0424 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Martin-EZRA ; chronology - B.C. 0464→0424 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS] ; chronology - B.C. 0464→0424 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Yamauchi-PERSIA ; chronology - B.C. 0464→0425 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0465 - Artabanus - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0465 - Artaxerxes Longimanus - sole reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0465-0424 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - JUDAICA ; chronology - B.C. 0465→0424 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0465→0424 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Mack-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0465→0424 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Schlegal-SBA ; chronology - B.C. 0465→0425 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0465→0425 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Bissell-APOCRYPHA ; chronology - B.C. 0465→0425 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0465→???? - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Pierce-USSHER ; chronology - B.C. 0467 - Ezra - returns to Judah - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0474 - Artaxerxes Longimanus - viceroy with father, Xerxes I - Pierce ; chronology - B.C. 0479 - Esther becomes queen - Klassen ; chronology - B.C. 0484 - 0465 - Xerxes I - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0485/0484→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0485→0464 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0485→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0485→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Anstey-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0485→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Martin-EZRA ; chronology - B.C. 0485→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS ; chronology - B.C. 0485→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Wiseman-BABYLONIA ; chronology - B.C. 0486→0464 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0486→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Bissell-APOCRYPHA ; chronology - B.C. 0486→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0486→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Criswell-BIBLE ; chronology - B.C. 0486→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0486→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Schlegal-SBA ; chronology - B.C. 0486→0465/0464 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0507 - Jerusalem - destroyed by Babylon ; chronology - B.C. 0515 - Babylonian captivity ended - Klassen ; chronology - B.C. 0515 - second temple completed - Finegan ; chronology - B.C. 0515 - second temple completed - Gilbert ; chronology - B.C. 0515 - second temple completed - Yamauchi ; chronology - B.C. 0515 - temple - second - dedicated - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0516 - second temple completed - Couch? ; chronology - B.C. 0516 - second temple completed - Klassen ; chronology - B.C. 0516 - second temple completed - Levy ; chronology - B.C. 0518/19 - Decree of Darius ; chronology - B.C. 0519 - Ahasuerus - third year - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 0519/0518 - Decree of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Feinberg-EXEGETICAL ; chronology - B.C. 0520 - prophecies of Haggai and Zechariah - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0520 - temple construction resumes ; chronology - B.C. 0520 - temple construction resumes - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0520 - temple construction resumes - Yamauchi ; chronology - B.C. 0520→0485 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Wiseman-BABYLONIA ; chronology - B.C. 0520→0515 - Zerubbabel's Temple Built - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0520→0515 - Zerubbabel's Temple Built - Finegan-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0520→0515 - Zerubbabel's Temple Built - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0520→0515 - Zerubbabel's Temple Built - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0520→0515 - Zerubbabel's Temple Built - Oswalt-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0520→0515 - Zerubbabel's Temple Built - Yamauchi-PERSIA ; chronology - B.C. 0520→0516 - Zerubbabel's Temple Built - Jones-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0520→0516 - Zerubbabel's Temple Built - Mack-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0520→0516 - Zerubbabel's Temple Built - Schlegel-SBA ; chronology - B.C. 0521 - 0485 - Darius Hystaspes - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0521 - Darius Hystaspes - reign begins - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0521 - Decree of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Fruchtenbaum-CHRISTOLOGY ; chronology - B.C. 0521n→0486 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0521→0485 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0521→0485 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Anstey-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0521→0485 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0521→0486 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0521→0486 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Martin-EZRA ; chronology - B.C. 0521→0486 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS ; chronology - B.C. 0521→0516 - Zerubbabel's Temple Built - Anstey-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0521→???? - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Mack-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0522 - Smerdis - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0522→0486 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Bissell-APOCRYPHA ; chronology - B.C. 0522→0486 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0522→0486 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Criswell-BIBLE ; chronology - B.C. 0522→0486 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0522→0486 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0522→0486 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Schlegal-SBA ; chronology - B.C. 0522→0486 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Steinmman-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0526 - Daniel taken to Babylon - - Austin-DARIUS ; chronology - B.C. 0526 - Daniel taken to Babylon - - Mauro-WONDERS ; chronology - B.C. 0527→0521 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Mack-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0529 - 0522 - Cambyses - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0529n→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0529→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0529→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Anstey-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0529→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Anstey-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0529→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Bissell-APOCRYPHA ; chronology - B.C. 0529→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0529→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS ; chronology - B.C. 0530 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Criswell-BIBLE ; chronology - B.C. 0530 - Cambyses - reign - Yamauchi ; chronology - B.C. 0530 - Cyrus - died - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0530→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Criswell-BIBLE ; chronology - B.C. 0530→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0530→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0530→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Martin-EZRA ; chronology - B.C. 0530→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0530→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Schlegal-SBA ; chronology - B.C. 0530→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Wiseman-BABYLONIA ; chronology - B.C. 0530→???? - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Yamauchi-PERSIA ; chronology - B.C. 0531 - temple - second stalled - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0532 (lyyar) - temple - second begun - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0534 - Daniel's service ends - Tyndale Seminary ; chronology - B.C. 0536 - 0530 - Cyrus - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0536 - Babylonian captivity - end - Tyndale Seminary ; chronology - B.C. 0536 - Daniel - final vision - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0536 - Decree of Cyrus - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0536 - Decree of Cyrus - Anstey-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0536 - Decree of Cyrus - Baron ; chronology - B.C. 0536 - Decree of Cyrus - Baron-TEN ; chronology - B.C. 0536 - Decree of Cyrus - Clarke-BIBLE ; chronology - B.C. 0536 - Decree of Cyrus - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 0536 - Decree of Cyrus - Larkin-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0536 - Decree of Cyrus - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0536 - Decree of Cyrus - West-THOUSAND ; chronology - B.C. 0536 - temple construction begins - Yamauchi ; chronology - B.C. 0536 - temple rebuilt - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0536→0529 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Anstey-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0536→0529 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Anstey-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0536→0529 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Larkin-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0536→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0536→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0536→???? - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Freeman-INTRO ; chronology - B.C. 0537 - Cyrus - defeats Darius - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0537 - Darius the Mede - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0537 - Decree of Cyrus - Austin-DARIUS ; chronology - B.C. 0537 - Decree of Cyrus - Mauro-WONDERS ; chronology - B.C. 0537→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Anderson-DARIUS ; chronology - B.C. 0537→???? - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Archer-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0538 (Elul?) - temple altar built - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0538 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0538 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Anstey-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0538 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Anstey-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0538 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Clarke-BIBLE ; chronology - B.C. 0538 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Greene-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0538 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Larkin-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0538 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0538 - Cyrus - captures Babylon - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0538 - Decree of Cyrus - Boutflower-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0538 - Decree of Cyrus - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0538 - Decree of Cyrus - JUDAICA ; chronology - B.C. 0538 - Decree of Cyrus - Martin-EZRA ; chronology - B.C. 0538 - Decree of Cyrus - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0538 - Decree of Cyrus - Oswalt-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0538 - Decree of Cyrus - Schlegal-SBA[106]; chronology - B.C. 0538 - Decree of Cyrus - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0538 - Jews return to Jerusalem under Zerubbabel ; chronology - B.C. 0538 - second temple sacrifices resumed - Gilbert ; chronology - B.C. 0538/0537 - Decree of Cyrus - Finegan-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0538/539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Gill-BIBLE ; chronology - B.C. 0538n - Decree of Cyrus - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0538→0527 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Mack-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0538→0530 - Cambyses II Viceroy with Cyrus (Persia) - Wiseman-BABYLONIA ; chronology - B.C. 0538→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Martin-EZRA ; chronology - B.C. 0538→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS ; chronology - B.C. 0538→0537 - Reign of Darius the Mede over Babylon -Anstey-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia ; chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Anderson-DARIUS ; chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Boutflower-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Finegan-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Freeman-INTRO ; chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - How-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Mills-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Pentecost-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Schlegal-SBA ; chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Steinmman-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Unger-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Whitcomb-DARIUS ; chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Yamauchi-PERSIA ; chronology - B.C. 0539 - Decree of Cyrus ; chronology - B.C. 0539 - Decree of Cyrus - Hoehner-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0539 to B.C. 333 - Medo-Persian Empire under Cyrus II ; chronology - B.C. 0539n - 0553n or 0550n - Belshazzar - coregent reign - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0539n - 0556 - Nabonidus - reign - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0539n Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0539→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Criswell-BIBLE ; chronology - B.C. 0539→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0539→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0539→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0539→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Schlegal-SBA ; chronology - B.C. 0539→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0539→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Steinmman-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0539→???? - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Finegan-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0541 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0541 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Anstey-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0541 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Anstey-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0541 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Greene-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0549 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Boutflower-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0549 - Cyrus II conquers the Medes ; chronology - B.C. 0550 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - NSB ; chronology - B.C. 0550n or 0553n - 0539n - Belshazzar - coregent reign - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0550→0539 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0552 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0553 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Anderson-DARIUS ; chronology - B.C. 0553 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - How-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0553 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0553 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Mills-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0553 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Whitcomb-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0553 - Belshazzar's first year ; chronology - B.C. 0553/0550 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0553/0550 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Steinmman-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0555 - 0538 - Belshazzar - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0555 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0555 - Nabonadius - reign begins - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0555→0538 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0555→0538 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Anstey-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0555→0538 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Feinberg-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0555→0538 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Greene-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0555→0538 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Larkin-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0555→0539 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS] ; chronology - B.C. 0555→0539 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Schlegal-SBA ; chronology - B.C. 0555→???? - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0556 - 0539n - Nabonidus - reign - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0556 - Labasserdah - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0556 - Laboasserdach - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0556 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Boutflower-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0556 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Freeman-INTRO ; chronology - B.C. 0556 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - How-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0556 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0556 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Miller-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0556 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Mills-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0556 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0556 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Pentecost-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0556 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Schlegal-SBA ; chronology - B.C. 0556 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Steinmman-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0556n - 0550n - Neriglissar - reign - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0556n - Labashi-marduk - reign - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0556n - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0556→0539 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Anderson-DARIUS ; chronology - B.C. 0556→0539 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Freeman-INTRO ; chronology - B.C. 0556→0539 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - How-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0556→0539 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0556→0539 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0556→0539 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Mills-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0556→0539 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Pentecost-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0556→0539 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Steinmman-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0556→0555 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Anstey-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0556→0555 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Anstey-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0557 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Anderson-DARIUS ; chronology - B.C. 0557 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Wiseman-BABYLONIA ; chronology - B.C. 0559 - 0530 - Darius the Mede - reign - Yamauchi ; chronology - B.C. 0559 - 0537 - Darius the Mede - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0559 - 0556 - Neriglissaros - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0559 - Cyrus II (the Great) succeeds his father Cambyses I to the throne of Anshan ; chronology - B.C. 0559?→0537 - Reign of Cyaxares II (Media) - Anderson-DARIUS ; chronology - B.C. 0559→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0559→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Anstey-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0559→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Anstey-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0559→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - How-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0559→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0559→???? Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS ; chronology - B.C. 0560 - Darius - the Mede reigns - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0560n - 0556n - Neriglissar - reign - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0560n - 0562n - Amel-marduk - reign - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0560n→0556n - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0560→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Anderson-DARIUS ; chronology - B.C. 0560→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Boutflower-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0560→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Freeman-INTRO ; chronology - B.C. 0560→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - How-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0560→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0560→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Mills-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0560→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Pentecost-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0560→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Schlegal-SBA ; chronology - B.C. 0560→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Steinmman-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0560→0558 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Wiseman-BABYLONIA ; chronology - B.C. 0560→0558 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Wiseman-NEB ; chronology - B.C. 0560→???? Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0561 - 0560 - Evilmerodoch - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0561 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0561 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Anstey-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0561 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Anstey-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0561 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Feinberg-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0561 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Greene-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0561 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0561 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Larkin-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0561→0559 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0561→0559 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Anstey-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0561→0559 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Feinberg-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0561→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - How-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0561→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0561→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0561→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS ; chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Anderson-DARIUS ; chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Boutflower-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - How-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Mack-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Mills-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Schlegal-SBA ; chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Showers-SEVENTY ; chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Thiele-KINGS ; chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Wiseman-NEB ; chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Wood-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0562 - Nebuchadnezzar - died - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0562 - Nebuchadnezzar dies ; chronology - B.C. 0562n - 0560n - Amel-marduk - reign - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0562n - 0605n - Nebuchadnezzar - reign - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0562n - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0562n→0560n - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0562→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Anderson-DARIUS ; chronology - B.C. 0562→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Boutflower-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0562→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Freeman-INTRO ; chronology - B.C. 0562→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - How-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0562→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0562→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0562→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Mills-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0562→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Pentecost-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0562→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Schlegal-SBA ; chronology - B.C. 0562→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Steinmman-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0562→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Wiseman-NEB ; chronology - B.C. 0563 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Pentecost-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0573 - 0569 - Nebuchadnezzar - insanity - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0585 - 0572 - Nebuchadnezzar - besieges Tyre - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0585 - Cyaxeres - reign begins ; chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Allen-JERUSALEM ; chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Anstey-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Anstey-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Boutflower-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Dyer-EZE ; chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Finegan-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Jones-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - JUDAICA ; chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Miller-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Oswalt-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Schlegal-SBA ; chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Thiele-KINGS ; chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Wood-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0586 - Solomon's Temple destroyed ; chronology - B.C. 0586 - third deportation ; chronology - B.C. 0586/587 Yamauchi-PERSIA ; chronology - B.C. 0587 (1 Nisan) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0587 (1 Sivan) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0587 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Albright[Jones-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0587 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0587 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Clinton[Jones-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0587 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Larkin-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0587 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Pierce-USSHER ; chronology - B.C. 0587 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0587 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Wiseman-NEB ; chronology - B.C. 0587 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Young-EZEKIEL ; chronology - B.C. 0587 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Young-FALL ; chronology - B.C. 0587 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Young-INERRANCY ; chronology - B.C. 0587 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Young-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0587 - Solomon's Temple destroyed ; chronology - B.C. 0588 (Nisan/Elul) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0588 (Tishri/Nisan 587) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0588 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Baron-TEN ; chronology - B.C. 0588 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Faulstich[Jones-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0588 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Fausset-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0588 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0588 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Ussher[Jones-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0588 - Jerusalem falls to Babylon - Baron ; chronology - B.C. 0588 - Temple - Solomon’s destroyed - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0589 (1 Elul) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0589 (10 Tebeth) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0589 (12 Tebeth) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0589 (after 10 Tebeth) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0591 (10 Av) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0592 (5 Elul) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0592 - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0592 - temple - glory departs - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 0593 (5 Tammuz) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0593 (11 Tammuz) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0594 (Av) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0595t - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0597 (early) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0597 - Babylonian captivity - second deportation - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0597 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - Anstey-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0597 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - Freeman-INTRO ; chronology - B.C. 0597 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - JUDAICA ; chronology - B.C. 0597 - second deportation ; chronology - B.C. 0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Boutflower-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Finegan-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Jones-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - JUDAICA ; chronology - B.C. 0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Mitchell-MUSEUM ; chronology - B.C. 0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Oswalt-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Wood-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Young-EZEKIEL ; chronology - B.C. 0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Young-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0597→0586 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Anstey-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0597→0586 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Anstey-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0597→0586 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Boutflower-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0597→0586 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0597→0586 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - JUDAICA ; chronology - B.C. 0597→0586 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Oswalt-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0597→0586 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Thiele-KINGS ; chronology - B.C. 0597→0587 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0597→0587 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Young-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0598 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0598 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Anderson-CRITICS ; chronology - B.C. 0598 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Fausset-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0598→0587 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Albright[Harrison-OT] ; chronology - B.C. 0598→0587 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0598→0587 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0598→0596 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Finegan-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0598→0597 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - Finegan-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0598→0597 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0598→0597 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0598→0597 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - Thiele-KINGS ; chronology - B.C. 0598→0597 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - Young-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0598→0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0599 - 0560 - Cyaxeres - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0599 - Cyrus born - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0599 - Jeconiah - captured - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0599 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0599 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - Pierce-USSHER ; chronology - B.C. 0599 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0599→0560 - Reign of Cyaxares II (Media) - Pierce-USSHER ; chronology - B.C. 0599→0587 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Pierce-USSHER ; chronology - B.C. 0604 - 0562 - Nebuchadnezzar - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0604 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Greene-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0604 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Mills-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0604 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0604 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS ; chronology - B.C. 0604 - Daniel - 1st deportation to Babylon - Klassen ; chronology - B.C. 0604 - Daniel taken to Babylon - JUDAICA ; chronology - B.C. 0604 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0604→0603 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Wiseman-NEB ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - 0526 - Nebuchadnezzar - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Anderson-DARIUS ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Anstey-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Anstey-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Freeman-INTRO ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - How-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Klassen-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Schlegal-SBA ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Thiele-KINGS ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - Babylonian captivity - first deportation - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - Babylonian captivity - first deportation - Tyndale Seminary ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - Battle of Carchemish ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Anstey-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Boutflower-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Hoehner-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Martin-EZRA ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Schlegal-SBA ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Wood-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - Daniel's service starts - Tyndale Seminary ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - Nabopolassar (father of Nebuchadnezzar) dies - Tyndale Seminary ; chronology - B.C. 0605 - Nabopolassar - died - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0605 to B.C. 0562 - Nebuchadnezzar's reign ; chronology - B.C. 0605n - 0562n - Nebuchadnezzar - reign - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0605n - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0606 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0606 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Pierce-USSHER ; chronology - B.C. 0606 - Babylonian captivity - first deportation - Baron ; chronology - B.C. 0606 - Babylonian captivity - first deportation - Combs ; chronology - B.C. 0606 - Daniel - 1st deportation to Babylon - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 0606 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0606 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Fausset-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0606 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Jones-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0606 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Larkin-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0606 - Daniel taken to Babylon - West-THOUSAND ; chronology - B.C. 0606 - Nebuchadnezzar - first regal year - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0606 - Nineveh - destruction - Mack ; chronology - B.C. 0608→0597 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Anstey-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0608→0597 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Anstey-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0608→0597 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Oswalt-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0608→0598 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0608→0598 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - JUDAICA ; chronology - B.C. 0608→0598 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Thiele-KINGS ; chronology - B.C. 0609 - Pharaoh Necho II opposes Babylonians ; chronology - B.C. 0609→0598 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Albright[Harrison-OT] ; chronology - B.C. 0609→0598 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Finegan-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0609→0598 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0609→0598 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0609→0598 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0609→0598 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Young-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0610 - Josiah killed - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0610→0599 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0610→0599 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Pierce-USSHER ; chronology - B.C. 0611 - Cyaxeres - over Medes - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0611→???? - Reign of Cyaxares II (Media) - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0612 - Nineveh defeated ; chronology - B.C. 0617 - Daniel born - Ignatius - Barnes ; chronology - B.C. 0620 - Daniel born - (ca) Benware-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0623 - Daniel born - Chrysostom - Barnes ; chronology - B.C. 0623 - Ezekiel born - Dyer-Eze ; chronology - B.C. 0623 - Ezekiel born - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0625 - 0605 - Nabopolassar - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0625 - Chyniladon - died - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0625 - Cyaxeres - reign ends ; chronology - B.C. 0625 - Daniel born - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0625 - Nabopolassar - reign over Babylon - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0625 - Neo-Babylonian Dynasty Inaugurated by Nabopolassar (Babylon) - Anstey-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0625 - Neo-Babylonian Dynasty Inaugurated by Nabopolassar (Babylon) - Greene-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0625 - Neo-Babylonian Dynasty Inaugurated by Nabopolassar (Babylon) - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0625 - Neo-Babylonian Dynasty Inaugurated by Nabopolassar (Babylon) - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0625 - Neo-Babylonian Dynasty Inaugurated by Nabopolassar (Babylon) - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS ; chronology - B.C. 0625 - Neo-Babylonian Dynasty Inaugurated by Nabopolassar (Babylon) - Schlegal-SBA ; chronology - B.C. 0625→0585 - Reign of Cyaxares II (Media) - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. 0625→0585 - Reign of Cyaxares II (Media) - Yamauchi-PERSIA ; chronology - B.C. 0626 - 0539 - Neobabylonian Empire under Nabopolassar, Nebuchadnezzar, Belshazzar; chronology - B.C. 0626 - Neo-Babylonian Dynasty Inaugurated by Nabopolassar (Babylon) - Anderson-DARIUS ; chronology - B.C. 0626 - Neo-Babylonian Dynasty Inaugurated by Nabopolassar (Babylon) - How-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0626 - Neo-Babylonian Dynasty Inaugurated by Nabopolassar (Babylon) - Wiseman-NEB ; chronology - B.C. 0627 - Neo-Babylonian Dynasty Inaugurated by Nabopolassar (Babylon) - Mills-DAN ; chronology - B.C. 0633 - Ashurbanipal dies ; chronology - B.C. 0634 - 0600 - Astyages - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0639→0609 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Anstey-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0639→0609 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - JUDAICA ; chronology - B.C. 0640 - Josiah - reigns in Judah - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0640→0609 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Albright[Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0640→0609 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Anderson-PRINCE ; chronology - B.C. 0640→0609 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - MBA ; chronology - B.C. 0640→0609 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Thiele-KINGS ; chronology - B.C. 0641/0640→0609 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Finegan-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0641/0640→0609 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. 0641→0609 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Young-TABLES ; chronology - B.C. 0641→0610 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0641→0610 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. 0642→0611 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Jones-BASICS ; chronology - B.C. 0642→0611 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Pierce-USSHER ; chronology - B.C. 0648 - Saosduchinus - died - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0656 - 0635 - Phraortes - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0668 - Esarhaddon - died - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0677 - Esarhadden - conquers Jews - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0681 - 0669 - Esarhaddon - king of Assyria ; chronology - B.C. 0688 - 0627 - Ashurbanipal - king of Assyria ; chronology - B.C. 0698 - Manasseh - reigned in Judah - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0701 - siege by Sennacharib ; chronology - B.C. 0705 - 0681 - Sennacherib - king of Assyria ; chronology - B.C. 0709 - 0657 - Dejoces - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0709 - 0668 - Esarhaddon - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0710 - Sennacherib - murdered by sons - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0714 - Sennacherib - warred in Syria - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0719 - 0710 - Sennacherib - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0719 - Sennacherib - reign begins - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0721 - northern kingdom falls - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 0722 - 0705 - Sargon II - king of Assyria ; chronology - B.C. 0722 - northern kingdom falls - Tyndale Seminary ; chronology - B.C. 0723 - northern kingdom falls - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0723 - northern kingdom falls - Thiele ; chronology - B.C. 0727 - 0722 - Shalmaneser V - king of Assyria ; chronology - B.C. 0728 - Salmanasser - ten tribes transplanted - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0728 - Salmanasser succeeds Tiglathpileser ; chronology - B.C. 0729 - 0720 - Shalmaneser - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0731 - Hoshea - tribute to Tiglath-Pileser III - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0732 - temple treasures to Assyria ; chronology - B.C. 0740 - northern kingdom falls - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 0743 - Azariah - tribute to Tiglath-Pileser III - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0745 - 0727 - Tiglath-pileser III - king of Assyria ; chronology - B.C. 0745 to 0727 - Tiglath-pileser rules Assyria ; chronology - B.C. 0747 - 0734 - Nabopolassar - reign - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0747 - Pul - dies - Assyrian empire - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0754 - 0745 - Assur-nirari V - king of Assyria ; chronology - B.C. 0763 - Nineveh repents ; chronology - B.C. 0772 - 0755 - Assur-dan III - king of Assyria ; chronology - B.C. 0782 - 0773 - Shalmaneser IV - king of Assyria ; chronology - B.C. 0790 - Pul founds Assyrian empire - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0810 - 0783 - Adad-nirari III - king of Assyria ; chronology - B.C. 0823 - 0811 - Shamshi-Adad - king of Assyria ; chronology - B.C. 0853 - Qarqar - battle (Ahab king) - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0858 - 0824 - Shalmaneser III - king of Assyria ; chronology - B.C. 0931 - divided kingdom ; chronology - B.C. 0931 - start of divided monarchies ; chronology - B.C. 0932 - Solomon - death - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0932 - Solomon's Reign Ends - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0960 - Solomon's Temple built - Price ; chronology - B.C. 0967 (Bul) - Solomon’s temple - construction ends ; chronology - B.C. 0967 (Ziv) - Solomon’s temple - construction begins ; chronology - B.C. 0967 - Solomon’s Temple began - Smith ; chronology - B.C. 0969 - David - death - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0969t - David - reign in Jerusalem ends - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0969t - Solomon’s sole reign begins - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0971 - Solomon's reign begins (coregent with David) - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0971 - Solomon's reign begins - Finegan ; chronology - B.C. 0975 - Ark to Jerusalem - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0975 - Davidic covenant - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0975 - kingdom divided - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 0975 - Rehoboam Reign begins - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 0983 - Absalom murders Amnon - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0985 - Amnon rapes Tamar - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0986 - Solomon born - Klassen ; chronology - B.C. 0994 - Solomon born - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 0997 - David’s adultery - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1000 - Hebrew - inscription ; chronology - B.C. 1009 - Saul - reign ends - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1009n - David - reign in Hebron begins - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1009t - David - reign in Jerusalem begins - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1012 - Solomon's Temple - foundation - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 1012 - Solomon's Temple dedicated - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 1015 - David - reign - end - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 1015 - Saul - reign - end - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 1049 (circa) - Saul - reign begins - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1055 - David - reign - start - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 1055 - David born - Klassen ; chronology - B.C. 1059 - David - reign - start - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 1060 - Samuel - death ; chronology - B.C. 1069 - Eli - death - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1069 - Saul - reign begins - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 1095 - Saul - reign begins - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 1157 - Eli - birth - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1225 - Exodus - Rowley ; chronology - B.C. 1250 - Exodus - late ; chronology - B.C. 1290 - Exodus - Albright ; chronology - B.C. 1406 (early) - Moses - death - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1406 - Conquest - Smith ; chronology - B.C. 1406 - Jordan - crossed by Israel - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1406 - Jordan - crossed by Israel - Young ; chronology - B.C. 1407 (1 Av) - Aaron - death - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1407 - Kadesh - arrival - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1422 - Jordan - crossed by Israel - Klassen ; chronology - B.C. 1424 - Joshua - death - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 1445 (1 Nisan) - Tabernacle - erected - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1445 (14 Nisan) - passover - second - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1445 - Exodus - early ; chronology - B.C. 1446 (14 Nisan) - Exodus - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1446 (14 Nisan) - Exodus - Young ; chronology - B.C. 1446 (Shebat - Nisan) - Egyptian plagues - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1446 - Exodus - Smith ; chronology - B.C. 1446 - Exodus - Young ; chronology - B.C. 1447 (late) - Moses at burning bush - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1450 - Exodus ; chronology - B.C. 1451 - Jordan - crossed by Israel - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 1451 - Moses - death - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 1462 - Exodus - Klassen ; chronology - B.C. 1466 - Exodus ; chronology - B.C. 1485 - Caleb born - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1486 - Moses flees to Midian - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1491 - Exodus - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 1526 - Moses born - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1529 - Aaron born - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1533 - Exodus - Austin ; chronology - B.C. 1534 - Joshua - born - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 1542 - Moses - born - Klassen ; chronology - B.C. 1545 - Aaron - born - Klassen ; chronology - B.C. 1571 - Moses - born - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 1635 - Joseph - dies - Newton ; chronology - B.C. 1635 - Joseph dies - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 1635 - Joseph dies - Pierce ; chronology - B.C. 1660 - Jacob - dies - Klassen ; chronology - B.C. 1677 - Jacob to Egypt - Klassen ; chronology - B.C. 1706 - Jacob to Egypt - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 1716 - Joseph born - Klassen ; chronology - B.C. 1745 - Joseph born - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 1745 - Joseph born - Pierce ; chronology - B.C. 1806 - Joseph dies - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1807 - Esau born - Klassen ; chronology - B.C. 1807 - Jacob born - Klassen ; chronology - B.C. 1836 - Esau born - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 1836 - Jacob born - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 1850 - Abrahamic Covenant ; chronology - B.C. 1856 - Isaac married Rebekah - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 1859 - Jacob dies - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1867 - Isaac born - Klassen ; chronology - B.C. 1867 - Jacob enters Egypt - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1876 - Jacob’s family enters Egypt - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1878 (circa) - Judah’s wife dies - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1878 - Egypt years of famine begin - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1885 - Egypt years of plenty begin - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1886 - Isaac dies - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1886 - Joseph freed from prison - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1889 (circa) - Joseph into prison - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1891 - Isaac weaned - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 1892 - Abraham enters Canaan - Klassen ; chronology - B.C. 1896 - Isaac born - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 1896 - Isaac born - Ussher ; chronology - B.C. 1899 - Joseph sold into slavery - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1900 (circa) - Judah marries - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1901 (circa) - Rachel dies - Benjamin born - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1910 - Ishmael born - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 1910 - Jacob returns to Canaan - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1915 (circa) - Dinah born - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1916 - Joseph born - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1921 - Abraham enters Canaan - Jones ; chronology - B.C. 1923 - Jacob marries Leah and Rachel - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1930 - Jacob flees to Padan Aram - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1943 - Ishmael dies - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1966 - Esau marries - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 1967 - Abraham born - Klassen ; chronology - B.C. 2006 - Esau born - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 2006 - Jacob born - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 2026 - Isaac marries Rebekah - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 2029 - Sarah dies - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 2055 - Abraham - covenant - Anderson ; chronology - B.C. 2066 - Isaac born - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 2068 - Abram renamed Abraham - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 2080 - Ishmael born - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 2081 - Abraham marries Hagar - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 2091 - Abraham leaves Haran - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 2156 - Sarah born - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 2166 - Abraham born - Steinmann ; chronology - B.C. 2302 - Noah's flood ; chronology - B.C. 2348 - Noah's flood - Ussher ; chronology - B.C. 2485 - Noah’s flood - Anderson ; chronology - B.C. 2518 - Noah’s flood - Thomas ; chronology - B.C. 2532 - Noah’s flood - Thomas ; chronology - B.C. 3168 - Noah’s flood - Thomas ; chronology - B.C. 3761 - creation - Jewish ; chronology - B.C. 3822 - creation - latest date textually possible ; chronology - B.C. 3836 - creation - A. Helwigius ; chronology - B.C. 3927 - creation - M. Beroaldus ; chronology - B.C. 3943 - creation - Geneva ; chronology - B.C. 3949 - creation - J. Scaliger ; chronology - B.C. 3958 - creation - A. Salmeron ; chronology - B.C. 3963 - creation - J. Haynlinus ; chronology - B.C. 3963 - creation - Luther ; chronology - B.C. 3964 - creation - P. Melanchthon ; chronology - B.C. 3966 - creation - C. Logomontanus ; chronology - B.C. 3968 - creation - J. Claverius ; chronology - B.C. 3970 - creation - E. Reusnerus ; chronology - B.C. 3971 - creation - Krentzeim ; chronology - B.C. 3971 - creation - W. Dolen ; chronology - B.C. 3974 - creation - Becke ; chronology - B.C. 3975 - creation - F. Klassen ; chronology - B.C. 3983 - creation - D. Petavius ; chronology - B.C. 4001 - creation - E. Faulstich ; chronology - B.C. 4004 - creation - F. Jones ; chronology - B.C. 4004 - creation - J. Ussher ; chronology - B.C. 4005 - creation - J. Cappellus ; chronology - B.C. 4007 - creation - Playfair ; chronology - B.C. 4021 - creation - E. Reinholt ; chronology - B.C. 4041 - creation - W. Lange ; chronology - B.C. 4042 - creation - Anstey ; chronology - B.C. 4051 - creation - H. Spondanus ; chronology - B.C. 4053 - creation - J. Salianus ; chronology - B.C. 4062 - creation - J. Ricciolus ; chronology - B.C. 4079 - creation - M. Maestlinus ; chronology - B.C. 4103 - creation - T. Lydiat ; chronology - B.C. 4141 - creation - Anderson ; chronology - B.C. 4141 - creation - L. Condomanus ; chronology - B.C. 5411 - creation - Hales ; chronology - B.C. 5426 - creation - J. Jackson ; chronology - B.C. 5441 - creation - Russell ; chronology - B.C. 5590 - creation - Vossius ; chronology - B.C. 5665 - creation - earliest date textually possible ; chronology - B.C. ????→0040 - Hyrcanus II (Hasmonean) - Harrison-OT ; chronology - B.C. ????→0204 - Reign of Ptolemy IV Philopator (Egypt) - Ironside-SILENT ; chronology - B.C. ????→0515 - Zerubbabel's Temple Built - Martin-EZRA ; chronology - B.C. ????→0529 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Bissell-APOCRYPHA ; chronology - B.C. ????→0529 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - BRITANNICA ; chronology - B.C. ????→0530 - Cambyses II Viceroy with Cyrus (Persia) - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology - B.C. ????→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Wiseman-BABYLONIA ; chronology - B.C. ????→0537 - Reign of Darius the Mede over Babylon -Pierce-USSHER ; chronology - B.C. ????→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Larkin-DAN ; chronology - B.C. ????→0558 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Wilson-DAN ; chronology - B.C. ????→0609 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Oswalt-CHRONO ; chronology - bible - factors ; chronology - bible - unique ; chronology - bible - variation ; chronology - coregencies - dual dating ; chronology - Daniel; chronology - decision tables ; chronology - divided kingdom - yardsticks ; chronology - eclipse - errors ; chronology - Egypt ; chronology - errors ; chronology - exclusive dating ; chronology - Ezekiel ; chronology - Ezekiel - dates from captivity ; chronology - factors ; chronology - inclusive dating ; chronology - Josephus ; chronology - kings - accession year ; chronology - kings - interregnum ; chronology - kings - regnal years - Nisan ; chronology - kings - regnal years - Tishri ; chronology - kings - skepticism ; chronology - limitations ; chronology - meaning ; chronology - months - numbering ; chronology - n - year ; chronology - Persian - Anstey ; chronology - precision; chronology - Ptolemy - canon ; chronology - Reece ; chronology - rules - Anstey ; chronology - secular bias ; David - chronology chart of his life ; Koran - chronology ; Septuagint - chronology - problems ; seventy years - fasts - Anstey ; seventy years - indignation - Anstey ; seventy years - servitude - Anderson ; seventy years - servitude - Anstey ; seventy years - servitude, captivity, desolations - Anderson ; seventy years - servitude, indignation, fasts - Anstey
chronology - 0000 :

✪ See chronology - B.C. 0000, chronology - A.D. 0000. The following entries set forth biblically significant events by date. "The three rules which must be observed by every Chronologer whose investigations are to lead him into the truth are—(1) Never adopt any date which is inconsistent with any other date. (2) Never frame any hypothesis, or entertain any conjecture, which cannot be verified or supported by positive evidence. And (3) never identify different persons bearing the same name, and never fail to identify the same person bearing different names." Ref-1299, p. 234.


chronology - 20190613144512 :

"The reigns of the kings of Babylon are stated in Ptolemy’s Canon. To understand this work you must note that every king’s reign in that canon began with the first month of Thoth in his reign, that is, accession dating. From that canon we see that 1) Esarhaddon died in 668 B.C. after reigning for thirteen years of Babylon. 2) Saosduchinus died in 648 B.C. after reigning for twenty-one years. Chyniladon died in 625 B.C. after reigning for twenty-two years. 4) Nabopolassar died in 605 B.C. after reigning for twenty-one years. 5) Nebuchadnezzar died in the year 562 B.C. after reigning for forty-three years. . . . this last king died in the thirty-seventh year of Jeconiah’s captivity (2K. 25:27) and therefore, Jeconiah was captured in 599 B.C." Ref-1507, p. 103.


chronology - 20190613161243 :

"The first time Cyrus defeated Darius the Mede was in 537 B.C. He revolted from Darius and became king of the Persians, either the same year, or in the end of the previous year. At his death he was seventy years old according to Herodotus, and therefore he was born in 599 B.C. Mandane his mother was the sister of Cyaxeres, who was a young man at that time. She was also the sister of Amyite, the wife of Nebuchadnezzar." Ref-1507, p. 112.


chronology - 20200206152154 : Ezra 3:10; Hag. 2:18; Zec. 4:9; Zec. 8:9

"Some scholars have held that there is an “irreconcilable difference” between Ezra 3:10 and the references in Haggai 2:18; Zechariah 4:9; 8:9, as the former speaks of the foundation of the temple in 536 and the latter sources imply a second foundation in 520. We have evidence, however, that it was possible to have more than one foundation ceremony for a particular building. J. Stafford Wright notes a Hittite ritual that speaks of the refoundation of a building and Akkadian rituals that speak of “founding anew” particular temples. Therefore a second foundation of the Jerusalem temple in 520 is conceivable." Ref-1521, p. 155.


chronology - A.D. 0000 :

✪ See chronology - B.C. 0000, chronology - 0000. Historical events Anno Domini.


chronology - A.D. 0002 - birth of Christ - Steinmann-CHRONO :

Ref-1307, p. 254.


chronology - A.D. 0002/003 - birth of Christ - Africanus - Finegan-CHRONO :

Ref-0840, p. 157.


chronology - A.D. 0002/3 - birth of Christ - Eusebius - Finegan-CHRONO :

Ref-0840, p. 164.


chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Anderson-PRINCE :

Ref-0043, pp. 93-94.


chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Anger - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Bengel - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Ellicott - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Greswell - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Irenaeus - Jones-CHRONO :

Ref-1532, p. 220.


chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Jones-CHRONO :

"If the mathematical outline . . . is correct, Adam was created out of the dust of the earth on the sixth day, Friday the 26th of September, 4004 B.C. If, as most researchers reckon, Christ Jesus were born in 4 B.C. His birth took place precisely 4000 years after Adam (4000 AM)." Ref-1532, p. 28.


chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Lange - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Lichtenstein - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Merivale - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Plumptre - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Tertullian - Jones-CHRONO :

Ref-1532, 220.


chronology - A.D. 0004 - birth of Christ - Wieseler - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - Andrews - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - Angus - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - Anstey-CHRONO :

Ref-1299, p. 282.


chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - Anstey-TABLES :

Ref-1303, p. 46.


chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - Browne - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - Klassen-CHRONO :

Ref-0844, pp. 3, 49.


chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - Mauro-WONDERS :

Ref-0895, p. 83.


chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - McClellan - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - Petavius - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - Robinson - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - Tillemont - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0005 - birth of Christ - Ussher - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0006 - birth of Christ - Ewald - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0006 - birth of Christ - Ideler - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0006 - birth of Christ - Kepler - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0006 - birth of Christ - Lardner - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0007 - birth of Christ - Alexander, Jos. A. - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0007 - birth of Christ - Alford - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0007 - birth of Christ - Ebrard - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0007 - birth of Christ - Jarvis - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0007 - birth of Christ - Keim, - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0007 - birth of Christ - Münter - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0007 - birth of Christ - Sanclemente - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124 3/


chronology - A.D. 0007 - birth of Christ - The French Benedictines - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0007 - birth of Christ - Wurm - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0007 - birth of Christ - Zumpt - Schaff-HISTORY :

Ref-0124


chronology - A.D. 0025 - baptism of Christ - Klassen-CHRONO :

Ref-0844, pp. 46, 53.


chronology - A.D. 0025 - baptism of Jesus - Klassen : Dan. 9:25; Mat. 3:13-16; Mark 1:9-10; Luke 3:21-22

Ref-0844, p. 46.


chronology - A.D. 0025 - seventy sevens ends - Klassen : Dan. 9:25; Dan. 9:25; Mat. 3:13-16; Mark 1:9-10; Luke 3:21-22

Ref-0844, p. 46.


chronology - A.D. 0026 - baptism of Christ - Austin : Dan. 9:25; Dan. 9:25; Mat. 3:13-16; Mark 1:9-10; Luke 3:21-22

Ref-0784, 22(3) 2008, p. 51.


chronology - A.D. 0026 - baptism of Christ - Austin-PERIODS :

Ref-1541, p. 51.


chronology - A.D. 0026 - baptism of Christ - Finegan-CHRONO :

Ref-0840, p. 468-469.


chronology - A.D. 0026 - baptism of Christ - Jones-CHRONO :

Ref-1532, p. 264.


chronology - A.D. 0026 - baptism of Christ - Mauro : Dan. 9:25; Dan. 9:25; Mat. 3:13-16; Mark 1:9-10; Luke 3:21-22

Ref-1298, pp. 94-96.


chronology - A.D. 0026 - baptism of Christ - Mauro-WONDERS :

Ref-0895, p. 83.


chronology - A.D. 0026 - baptism of Christ - Payne-PROPHECY :

Ref-1534, p. 383.


chronology - A.D. 0026 - seventy sevens ends - Austin : Dan. 9:24-27

Ref-0784, 22(3) 2008, p. 51.


chronology - A.D. 0026 - seventy sevens ends - Mauro : Dan. 9:24-27; Luke 3:1-3

"The words “unto the Messiah” tell us with all requisite clearness and certainty to just what point in the life-time of Jesus Christ the measure of 69 sevens (483 years) reaches. The word Mesiah (equivalent to the Greek Christos) means “the Anointed.” We ask, therefore, where, in the earth-life of our Lord, was He anointed and presented to Israel? The answer is clearly given in the Gospels and Acts. It was at His baptism in Jordan; . . . Furthermore, in addition to the foregoing evidences, we have the culminating proof found in the fact that this epoch (His Baptism), and this alone, is formally dated in the Scriptures and that His age at the time is stated. For in Luke 3:1-3 the era of the preaching and baptism of John is given with extraordinary particularity, which certifies to us that that era has a place of special importance in connection with the chronology of Scripture as a whole. It is an impressive fact that both the decree of Cyrus, and the baptism of John--that is to say, both the beginning and the ending of the sixty-nine weeks--are set forth with the greatest particularity, and that they are given with reference to the reigns of Gentile rulers." Ref-1298, pp. 94-96.


chronology - A.D. 0027 - baptism of Christ - Archer-RATIONALISM :

Ref-1540, pp. 145-146.


chronology - A.D. 0028 - baptism of Christ - Anderson-PRINCE :

Ref-0043, p. 249.


chronology - A.D. 0029 (summer) - baptism of Christ - Steinmann : Dan. 9:25; Mat. 3:13-16; Mark 1:9-10; Luke 3:21-22

Ref-1307, p. 263.


chronology - A.D. 0029 - baptism of Christ - Hoehner-CHRONO :

Ref-0044, p. 44.


chronology - A.D. 0029 - baptism of Christ - Steinmann-CHRONO :

Ref-1307, p. 263.


chronology - A.D. 0029 - crucifixion of Christ - Klassen : Dan. 9:26; Mat. 27:50; Mark 15:37; Luke 23:46; John 19:30

"Jesus died when He was thirty-three years of age in A.D. 29, in the 29th jubilee year, during the famous sequence of dates and days, April 14 to 17." Ref-0844, p. 3.


chronology - A.D. 0029 - crucifixion of Christ - Klassen-CHRONO :

Ref-0844, p. 3.


chronology - A.D. 0030 - crucifixion of Christ - Bruce : Dan. 9:26; Mat. 27:50; Mark 15:37; Luke 3:1; Luke 23:46; John 19:30

"The crucifixion of Christ took place, it is generally agreed, about A.D. 30. According to Luke 3:1, the activity of John the Baptist which immediately preceded the commencement of our Lord's public ministry, is dated in ‘the fifteenth year of Tiberius Caesar’. Now, Tiberius became emperor in August, A.D. 14, and according to the method of computation current in Syria, which Luke would have followed, his fifteenth year commenced in September or October, A.D. 27. The fourth Gospel mentions there Passovers after this time; the third Passover from that date would be the passover of A.D. 30, at which it is probably on other grounds that the crucifixion took place. At this time, too, we know from other sources that Pilate was Roman governor of Judaea, Herod Antipas was tetrarch of Galilee, and Caiaphas was Jewish high priest." Ref-0239, p. 6.


chronology - A.D. 0030 - crucifixion of Christ - Bruce-RELIABLE :

Ref-0239, p. 6.


chronology - A.D. 0030 - crucifixion of Christ - Jones : Dan. 9:26; Mat. 27:50; Mark 15:37; Luke 23:46; John 19:30

"Therefore He was crucified and died near 3:00 P.M. Thursday the 14th of Nisan (Heb. = Abib. = an ear of ripe grain) -- Passover day -- in the year A.D. 30 by Jewish reckoning (April 4th Gregorain)." Ref-0186, p. 233.


chronology - A.D. 0030 - crucifixion of Christ - Jones-CHRONO :

Ref-1532, p. 233.


chronology - A.D. 0030 - crucifixion of Christ - JUDAICA :

Ref-1315


chronology - A.D. 0030 - crucifixion of Christ - Lanser : Dan. 9:26; Mat. 27:50; Mark 15:37; Luke 23:46; John 19:30

"Accordingly, the most likely date for the Crucifixion, so far as scriptural and astronomical clues we have examined are concerned, is Friday, April 7, 30 A.D." -- Rick Lanser, How Acts and Galations Indicate the Date of the Crucifixion, 20180329143819.pdf.


chronology - A.D. 0030 - crucifixion of Christ - Payne-PROPHECY :

Ref-1534, p. 387.


chronology - A.D. 0030 - crucifixion of Christ - Thomas : Dan. 9:26; Mat. 27:50; Mark 15:37; Luke 23:46; John 19:30

"As shown in the essay ‘The Day and Year of Christ's Crucifixion’ (pp. 311-14), Nisan 14, the day of Passover, fell on Friday only twice between A.D. 26 and A.D. 36. This leaves two possible years for Christ's crucifixion, A.D. 30 or A.D. 33. If conclusions reached earlier in this essay are valid, the former possibility must be chosen as the year in which Jesus was crucified." Ref-0091, p. 318.


chronology - A.D. 0030 - crucifixion of Christ - Thomas-HARMONY :

Ref-0091, p. 318.


chronology - A.D. 0032 - crucifixion of Christ - Anderson : Dan. 9:26; Mat. 27:50; Mark 15:37; Luke 23:46; John 19:30

Ref-0043. "Anderson's calculations include some problems. First, in the light of new evidence since Anderson's day, the 445 B.C. date is not acceptable for Artaxerxes’ twentieth year. . . Second, the A.D. 32 date for the crucifixion is untenable. It would mean that Christ was crucified on either a Sunday or Monday. In fact, Anderson realizes the dilemma and he has to do mathematical gymnastics to arrive at a Friday crucifixion. This makes one immediately suspect. Actually there is no good evidence for an A.D. 32 crucifixion date." Ref-0044, p. 137. "One point more, however, claims attention. Numerous writers, some of them eminent, have discussed this question as though nothing more were needed in fixing the date of the Passion than to find a year, within certain limits, in which the paschal moon was full upon a Friday. But this betrays strange forgetfulness of the intricacies of the problem. True it is that if the system by which to-day the Jewish year is settled had been in force eighteen centuries ago, the whole controversy might turn upon the week date of the Passover in a given year; but on account of our ignorance of the embolismal system then in use, no weight whatever can be attached to it." Ref-0762, p. 99. "Indeed, the only thing reasonably certain upon the matter is that the Passover did not fall upon the days assigned to it by writers whose calculations respecting it are made with strict astronomical accuracy, for the Mishna affords the clearest proof that the beginning of the month was not determined by the true new moon, but by the first appearance of her disc; and though in a climate like that of Palestine this would seldom be delayed by causes which would operate in murkier latitudes, it doubtless sometimes happened “that neither sun nor stars for many days appeared.” These considerations justify the statement that in any year whatever the 15th Nisan may have fallen on a Friday." Ref-0762, p. 101.


chronology - A.D. 0032 - crucifixion of Christ - Anderson-PRINCE :

Ref-0043, p. 250.


chronology - A.D. 0032 - crucifixion of Christ - Showers : Dan. 9:26; Mat. 27:50; Mark 15:37; Luke 23:46; John 19:30

"When this study, which believes that Christ began His ministry in the fall of 28 A.D., applies this three and one-half years to its chronological scheme, it ends with Spring of 32 A.D." Renald E. Showers, New Testament Chronology and the Decree of Daniel 9, Grace Journal Volume 11 Number 1, p. 36.


chronology - A.D. 0032 - crucifixion of Christ - Showers-SEVENTY :

✪ Showers gave this date in an article which investigated the viability of Anderson's date [Ref-1552, 36]. It is unknown whether he eventually endorsed the date of Hoehner [Ref-0044] who published corrections to Anderson.


chronology - A.D. 0033 (14 Nisan, April 3) - crucifixion of Christ - Steinmann : Dan. 9:26; Mat. 27:50; Mark 15:37; Luke 23:46; John 19:30

Ref-1307, pp. 286,289.


chronology - A.D. 0033 (18 Nisan) - triumphal entry of Christ - Steinmann : Dan. 9:25; Mat. 21:7-10; John 12:12-15; Luke 19:35-42

Ref-1307, p. 263.


chronology - A.D. 0033 (late May) - Pentecost - Steinmann : Acts 2

Ref-1307, p. 342.


chronology - A.D. 0033 - crucifixion of Christ - Finegan : Dan. 9:26; Mat. 27:50; Mark 15:37; Luke 23:46; John 19:30

"According to the foregoing analysis the crucifixion of Jesus was most probably on Friday, Apr 3, A.D. 33, corresponding to Nisan 14, the date in “the first month of the year” (roughtly March-April) of the slaying of the Passover lamb (Ex. 12:2,8)." Ref-0840, p. 368.


chronology - A.D. 0033 - crucifixion of Christ - Finegan-CHRONO :

Ref-0840, p. 368.


chronology - A.D. 0033 - crucifixion of Christ - Hoehner : Dan. 9:26; Mat. 27:50; Mark 15:37; Luke 23:46; John 19:30

". . .Christ's death occurred on Friday, Nisan 14 in A.D. 33 (Friday, April 3, A.D. 33, on the Julian calendar)." Ref-0044, p. 134. "Checking NASA's eclipse database for Passover lunar eclipses (March, April and May eclipses) in the years 30 - 34 AD, worldwide, there are two lunar eclipses which might have been seen from Jerusalem: Sunday, April 25, 31 AD and Friday, April 3, 33 AD. Neither of these occurred on a Wednesday or a Thursday. http://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/LEcat5/LE0001-0100.html" Rick Larson, Is there a candidate Passover lunar eclipse on a Wednesday or Thursday?, [http://www.bethlehemstar.net/faq.htm] accessed 20111116. Issues to consider regarding the Star of Bethlehem presentation by https://www.bethlehemstar.net : 1) Why would retrograde motion of Jupiter near Regulus be seen as significant by the Magi prior to Christ’s birth? 2) How often does that occur on average?; 3) Revelation 12 was not yet written at the time of the Magi (although Numbers 24:17 was). Therefore, the imagery of the sun in Virgo with the moon under her feet would not have held special significance to the Magi. 4) A lunar eclipse on the day of crucifixion precludes a solar eclipse -- the most likely explanation for the darkness at the crucifixion -- as Larson himself points out. 4) Larson’s interpretation of why Peter cites Joel on Pentecost (as if Joel had all been fulfilled and it was known to his listeners) is strained at best. The astronomical signs which Joel predicts cannot be easily construed as having been seen as significant by people at the time of Jesus' crucifixion. Moreover, the book of Revelation written in approximately A.D. 95 predicts yet future fulfillment of Joel’s prophecy, including parallel passages such as Armageddon (Rev. 16 cf. Joel 3) and the Lord’s army (Rev. 9 cf. Joel 3). A key question I would like to see answered: how often do Jupiter and Venus come into conjunction in the west -- which is supposed to constitute the key sign which sends the Magi toward Jerusalem?


chronology - A.D. 0033 - crucifixion of Christ - Hoehner-CHRONO :

Ref-0044, p. 134.


chronology - A.D. 0033 - crucifixion of Christ - Showers-SEVENTY :

Ref-1552, p. 36.


chronology - A.D. 0033 - crucifixion of Christ - Steinmann-CHRONO :

Ref-1307, p. 286, 289.


chronology - A.D. 0033 - crucifixion of Christ - Young : Dan. 9:26; Mat. 27:50; Mark 15:37; Luke 3:1; Luke 3:23; Luke 23:46; John 19:30

"Astronomical calculations allow only two years in the range from A.D. 26 to A.D. 36 in which Nisan 14, the first day of Passover, was a Friday. The years are A.D. 30 and A.D. 33. The first of these has been advocated by several writers who maintained that the 15th year of Tiberius cited in Luke 3:1 for the start of Jesus’ ministry refers to the 15th year of an assumed coregency between Augustus and Tiberius that began sometime between A.D. 11 and A.D. 13, rather than starting the 15 years at the death of Augustus in A.D. 14. However, all extant coins and inscriptions date the reign of Tiberius as beginning in A.D. 14. The age of Jesus when He began His ministry, “about 30” (Luke 3:23), is also more consistent with the Crucifixion in A.D. 33 than in A.D. 30, as are events related to Roman policy and the actions of Pilate. . . . The death of Christ therefore was on Nisan 14 (Friday, April 3), and His Resurrection on Sunday, April 5, A.D. 33." Rodger C. Young, How Lunar and Solar Eclipses Shed Light on Biblical Facts Ref-0066, Vol. 26 No. 2 Spring 2013, 37-44, pp. 38-39. See 20170909144421.pdf.


chronology - A.D. 0033 - crucifixion of Christ - Young-ECLIPSES :

Ref-1555, p. 38-39.


chronology - A.D. 0036 (early) - Stephen martyred - Steinmann : Acts 7:59

Ref-1307, p. 342.


chronology - A.D. 0036 (late) - Paul converted - Steinmann : Acts 9:3-8

Ref-1307, p. 342.


chronology - A.D. 0036 - 0037 - Philip to Samaria and Judea - Steinmann : Acts 8

Ref-1307, p. 343.


chronology - A.D. 0038 - Paul escapes Damascus - Steinmann : Acts 9:25

Ref-1307, p. 343.


chronology - A.D. 0039 - Cornelius saved - Steinmann : Acts 10

Ref-1307, p. 343.


chronology - A.D. 0040 - Agabus’ prophecy - Steinmann : Acts 11:28

Ref-1307, p. 343.


chronology - A.D. 0042 (late 42/early 43) - James executed - Steinmann : Acts 12:2

Ref-1307, p. 343.


chronology - A.D. 0045 - 0048 - Paul’s first missionary journey - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 343.


chronology - A.D. 0049 (January) - Jerusalem council - Steinmann : Acts 15:4-29

Ref-1307, p. 343.


chronology - A.D. 0049 - 0051 - Paul’s second missionary journey - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 344.


chronology - A.D. 0052 - 0055 - Paul’s third missionary journey - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 344.


chronology - A.D. 0055 (early July) - Paul before Felix - Steinmann : Acts 24

Ref-1307, p. 344.


chronology - A.D. 0057 (early July) - Paul before Agrippa - Steinmann : Acts 26

Ref-1307, p. 345.


chronology - A.D. 0057 - 0058 - Paul’s voyage to Rome - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 345.


chronology - A.D. 0060 - Paul to Spain - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 345.


chronology - A.D. 0062 - James, brother of Jesus executed - Steinmann : Acts 12:2

Ref-1307, p. 345.


chronology - A.D. 0063 - James martyred : Jas. 1:1

"The date of the epistle must be prior to A.D. 63 because according to Josephus, James was martyred at that time." Ref-0024, p. 99. "Ananus. . .assembled a council of judges, and brought before it the brother of Jesus the so-called Christ, whose name was James, together with some others, and having accused them as law-breakers, he delivered them over to be stoned." Josephus, Ref-0026, xx.9.1, cited by Ref-0122, p. 266. "One casualty of this sudden loss of Pharisaic power was James, the brother of Jesus, who was head of the community of Christians in Jerusalem. He was condemned to death and executed. Pharisees protested vehemently against the trial of James and sent a delegation to [the procurator] Albinus, who at the time was on his way to Jerusalem. They reminded the new procurator that a Sanhedrin had no authority to deliver a sentence of execution without the authority of a procurator. The high priest was removed from office." Ref-0150, p. 278. "Later in the Antiquities (xx.9.1), Josephus describes the high-handed acts of the high priest Ananus after the death of the procurator Festus (AD 61) in these words: ‘But the younger Ananus who, as we said, received the high priesthood, was of a bold disposition and exceptionally daring; he followed the party of the Sadducees, who are severe in judgment above all the Jews, as we have already shown. As therefore Ananus was of such a disposition, he thought he had now a good opportunity, as Festus was now dead, and Albinus was still on the road, so he assembled a council of judges, and brought before it the brother of Jesus the so-called Christ, whose name was James, together with some others, and having accused them as law-breakers, he delivered them over to be stoned.’ This passage . . . was also known to Origen and Eusebius. The story of the death of James the Just (as the Lord's brother was called) is told in greater detail by Hegesippus, a Jewish Christian writer of C. A.D. 170." Ref-0239, pp. 110-111.


chronology - A.D. 0067 (or early 0068) - Peter and Paul martyred - Steinmann : Acts 12:2

Ref-1307, p. 345.


chronology - A.D. 0070 - Herod's (Zerubbabel's) Temple destroyed :

✪ Built in B.C. 515, expanded in B.C. 20. Ref-0144, p. 53.


chronology - A.D. 0096 - Domitian killed :

"Domitian was assassinated in 96 C.E. by a palace servant who stabbed him while he was reading a report about a conspiracy." Ref-0150, p. 290.


chronology - A.D. 0321 - edict of Constantine :

"When in 321 Constantine made the first day of the week a holiday, he called it ‘the venerable day of the Sun’ (Sunday)." Ref-0063, p. 140. "All judges, city-people and craftsmen shall rest on the venerable day of the Sun. But countrymen may without hindrance attend to agriculture, since it often happens that this is the most suitable day for sowing grain or planting vines, so that the opportunity afforded by divine providence may not be lost, for the right season is short. 7 March 321." CONSTANTINE'S Edict (Cod. Justinianus III xii 3), Ref-0063, p. 152. "In many circles it has been taught that Sunday worship universally began only in 321 with the Law of Constantine, or in 364 with the Council of Laodicea. However, the contributors to From Sabbath to Lord's Day have shown with excellent documentation that Sunday worship was a very universal practice of all churches outside Israel by the beginning of the second century. They also clearly point out that in those early days, while Sunday was viewed as a day of worship, it was not viewed as a Sabbath." Ref-0105, p. 61.


chronology - A.D. 0382 - A.D. 405 - Vulgate :

"After twenty-three years’ labour, Jerome completed his revision of the Latin Scriptures (382-405)." Ref-0063, p. 196.


chronology - A.D. 0410 - Rome (western branch) falls :

Ref-0045, pp. 34-35


chronology - A.D. 0570 - Mohammed born :

"Mohammed, the prophet and founder of Islam, was born in Mecca about A.D. 570." Ref-0146, p. 168."Mohammed was born to the Quraysh tribe at Mecca about 571 C.E. His original name is unknown. His tribe called him al-Amin, the believing one. Mohammed, which means highly praised, is the name he bears in the Koran." Ref-0150, p. 325.


chronology - A.D. 0610 - Mohammed's revelation :

"Beginning in A.D. 610 Mohammed claimed to have received angelic revleations that al-Ilah (Allah) was the supreme god and had a message of warning." Ref-0146, p. 169. "Following his religious call in 610, Muhammed proclaimed the message of Islam" Ref-0063, p. 235.


chronology - A.D. 0622 - Mohammed's flight to Medina :

"The intensity of the persecution to Mohammed and his followers grew through the years and forced him to flee to Medina in A.D. 622. This event, known as the Hijra (‘Migration’), marked the beginning of the Islamic era." Ref-0146, p. 169.


chronology - A.D. 0632 - Mohammed dies :

"In March 632 C.E. Mohammed led the pilgrimage to Mecca. When he returned to Medina he took ill. On June 8, 632 C.E. he complained of a severe headache. Later that day he died." Ref-0150, p. 329.


chronology - A.D. 0638 - Islam captures Jerusalem :

"In A.D. 632, Islamic armies stormed out of the Arabian peninsula, capturing Jerusalem in A.D. 638 during the reign of ‘Umar, the second caliph after Mohammed." Ref-0144, p. 87.


chronology - A.D. 0691 - Dome of Rock built :

"after almost 60 years of occupation, the Umayyad caliph ‘Abd al-Malik built in A.D. 691-92 what is known today as the Dome of the Rock. . . Some people believe the Dome was built as a commemoration of an Islamic event or place of prayer for a caliph (such as ‘Umar, after whom it has been popularly called the Mosque of Omar)." Ref-0144, p. 88. ". . . no actual structure was built at this site for nearly 60 years until A.D. 691 when Omar’s son built a large wooden building known as the Dome of the Rock (Arabic Qubbat al-Sakhra). Omar had demonstrated his conquest of Christianity by praying inside the Christian basilica of Saint Mary built a century earlier by the Emperor Justinian and located at the souther end of the Temple Mount. This act obligated the church to be converted to a mosque. In A.D. 715 the Al-Aqsa Mosque was built in place of the church." Ref-1326, p. 107.


chronology - A.D. 0715 - Al Aqsa Mosque built :

"In a further show of conquest over the Christians, Caliph Omar later built a wooden mosque on the compound over the foundations of an early Christian church. This mosque, known as the Al-Aqsa Mosque, was completed in A.D. 715 and has been rebuilt many times since. Today this mosque is regarded as the third holiest place in Islam (after Mecca and Medina)." Ref-0146, p. 170. ". . . no actual structure was built at this site for nearly 60 years until A.D. 691 when Omar’s son built a large wooden building known as the Dome of the Rock (Arabic Qubbat al-Sakhra). Omar had demonstrated his conquest of Christianity by praying inside the Christian basilica of Saint Mary built a century earlier by the Emperor Justinian and located at the souther end of the Temple Mount. This act obligated the church to be converted to a mosque. In A.D. 715 the Al-Aqsa Mosque was built in place of the church." Ref-1326, p. 107.


chronology - A.D. 1187 - Jerusalem falls to Saladin :

"It was not until A.D. 1187 -- when the Crusaders were finally dislodged by Saladin -- that Jerusalem was said to be the third holiest place in Islam. . . In fact, in A.D. 1225 the Arab geographer Yakut wrote that the city of Jerusalem was holy to Jews and Christians, as it had been for 3,000 and 2,000 years respectively, but in contrast noted that only Mecca was holy to Muslims." Ref-0146, p. 175.


chronology - A.D. 1215 - Fourth Lateran Council - transubstantiation :

". . . transubstantiation was adopted as orthodox at the Fourth Lateran Council in 1215" Ref-0063, p. 265.


chronology - A.D. 1406 - Burning of Ai : Jos. 8:20

"Chronological data in the Old Testament establishes the exact year of the burning of Ai -- 1406 B.C." Bryant G. Wood, Of Joshua and Jesus: Remarkable New Discoveries at Ai, Ref-0066, Vol. 27 No. 4 (Fall 2014), 95-98, p. 95


chronology - A.D. 1453 - Roman Empire (eastern branch) falls :

Ref-0045, p. 37. Ref-0005, p. 159.


chronology - A.D. 1478 - Inquisition begins :

"In November 1478, Pope Sixtus IV issued a bull to establish a national inquisition there - an institution that was to last until 1820." Ref-0152, p. 62.


chronology - A.D. 1582 - Gregorian calendar :

"Lunar calendars were widely used in the earliest times. The interval between one new moon and the next is 29.53 days and there are 12 lunar cycles in a solar year. But the match is not exact -- the lunar year is 354 days long which is 11.5 days shorter than the solar year. To correct this confusion, the first Roman emperor, Julius Caesar, in 45 B.C., following the advice of the Greek astronomer Sosigenes, standardized the calendar across his empire to a solar year of 365 days, with an extra “leap day” every fourth year. This “Julian calendar” remained in use for the next 1,500 years. The problem popped up again during the Renaissance, and fueled a renewed interest in cosmology. The Julian year, it turned out, was 11 minutes and 14 seconds longer than the solar year. This may not seem to be much of a difference, but over a period of 1,500 years it accumulated to the point where the spring equinox was 10 days too early. So in 1582, Pope Gregory XIII issued a decree dropping 10 days from the calendar and he instituted a new system, called the Gregorian calendar, in which century years divisible by 400 should be leap years but other century years should be common years. Thus, 1600 and 2000 were leap years, but 1700, 1800, and 1900 were common years. This calendar is the one we use today." Ref-0814, p. 35. "The calendar that is the de facto international standard today is the Gregorian calendar, a modification of the Julian calendar. Since an average vernal equinox year is actually a small fraction of a day less than 365 1/4 days, the Julian calendar overcorrects when it intercalates an extra day every four years. By 1582 this overcorrection amounted to ten days, moving the vernal equinox from March 21 to April 1. To correct this Pope Gregory XIII proclaimed that in 1582 the calendar would be modified. Ten days would be subtracted and intercalary days would only be added 97 times in 400 years. If a leap year was evenly divisible by 100 but not by 400, it would not have an intercalary day. Thus 1700, 1800, 1900 were not leap years, but 1600 and 2000 were." Ref-1307, pp. 24-25


chronology - A.D. 1648 - Westminster Confession :

"The Westminster Assembly was called together by the English Parliament. Its work extended over a period of five and one half years, and was finished in 1648. It was a representative body, made up of one hundred and twenty-one ministers or theologians, eleven lords, twenty commoners, from all counties of England and the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge, with seven commissioners from Scotland. . . Dr. Warfield said of the Westminster Confession that it was ‘The most complete, the most fully elaborated and carefully guarded, the most perfect, and the most vital expression that has ever been framed by the hand of man, of all that enters into what we call evangelical religion, and of all that must be safeguarded if evangelical religion is to persist in the world.’" Ref-0096, pp. 342-343.


chronology - A.D. 1820 - Inquisition ends :

"In November 1478, Pope Sixtus IV issued a bull to establish a national inquisition there - an institution that was to last until 1820." Ref-0152, p. 62.


chronology - A.D. 1917 - Balfour Declaration :

"On November 2, 1917, after much political maneuvering, that declaration came, in the form of a letter signed by Lord Balforud and sent to Lord Rothschild, the unofficial leader of British Jewry. That declaration read [in part]: ‘His Majesty's Government view with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, and will use their best endeavours to facilitate the achievement of this object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country.’" Ref-0153, p. 256.


chronology - A.D. 1947 - UN Vote on Jewish State :

"on November 29, 1947, the UN General Assembly voted by 33 against 13, with 11 abstentions, for the establishment of a Jewish state in a partitioned Palestine, side by side with an Arab state and linked by an economic union that would ensure a large measure of integration and eccessibility." Ref-0153, p. 324.


chronology - A.D. 1948 - Israel declares independence : Isa. 66:8 (?)

"On May 14, 1948, the British mandate in Palestine came to an end, and the last British high commissioner departed. On that day, Israel was declared independent by its first Prime Minister, David Ben-Gurion, at the Museum of Modern Art in Tel-Aviv." Ref-0152, p. 194. ". . .the Jews were given a national homeland in Palestine by the Balfour Declaration in November 1917. In 1922 the League of nations gave Great Britain the mandate over Palestine. On May 14, 1948, Great Britain withdrew her mandate and immediately Israel was declared a sovereign state. . ." n. The Amplified Bible It is questionable whether the context of Isaiah 66 supports the oft-heard modern application of this verse to the creation of the state of Israel. However, it does support a sequence where the nation is recreated before a period of tribulation. Questionable: Isa. 66:8 (?);


chronology - A.D. 1967 - Six-Day War :

"On June 5, 1967 a pre-emptive strike strike destroyed Nasser's air force on the ground. . ." Ref-0152, p. 200.


chronology - A.D. 1973 - Yom Kippur War :

"The Yom Kippur War of 1973, so called because the attack took place on the Day of Atonement (October 5). . ." Ref-0152, p. 200.


chronology - accession-year - divided kingdom :

"Judah used accession-year reckoning from Rehoboam to Jehoshaphat, non-accession year reckoning from Jehoram to Joash, and accession-year reckoning again from Amaziah to Zedekiah. Israel used nonaccession-year reckoning from Jeroboam to Jehoahaz, and accession-year reckoning from Jehoash to Hoshea." Ref-0839, p. 14. "Judah began with accession-year system, both for its own kings and its synchronisms with Israel. At a time of alliance and intermarriage with Israel, the system of Israel was adopted by Judah and was used through four reigns, after which Judah returned to its original system of reckoning. Regnal years in Judah began with the month of Tishri. In Israel the nonaccession-year system was used for the length of reign in Israel and the synchronisms with Judah. When Judah shifted back to accession-year system, Israel also adopted that method. Regnal years in Israel began with the month of Nisan. In both Judah and Israel a number of coregencies occurred, and in Israel there were two instances of rival reigns." Ref-0839, p. 21. "Israel began with nonaccession-year system and later shifted to accession-year reckoning. Judah began with the accession-year method. Later both nations simultaneously shifted to accession-year reckoning and followed it to the end." Ref-0839, p. 23. "The methods used by Israel and Judah in the reckoning of the reigns of their kings would thus be as follows: Israel at the time of the schism followed the nonaccession-year system and continued its use till the close of the ninth century B.C. when under Jehoash a shift was made to the accession-year system which continued to be used to the close of Israel's history. Judah at the time of the schism used the accession-year system and continued its use to the middle of the ninth century; from Jehoram to Joash reigns are reckoned according to the nonaccession-year system; and from Amaziah, at about the beginning of the eighth century, to the close of Judah's history the accession-year system was again in use. At the time of the schisms, Israel and Judah were thus using different systems of chronological reckoning. Israel the nonaccession-year system and Judah the accession-year method; and from the middle of the ninth century to the close of their respective histories both nations used the same method -- the nonaccession-year system to the beginning of the eighth century and the accession-year system from then to the end." Ref-0839, p. 60. "Since a king would be unlikely to die on the exact day ending a particular year and his successor take the throne on the first day of the following year, it was likely that the last year of a king’s reign was a partial year, and the rest of that year was erved by the following king. Since both kings served part of a year, to whom was that year assigned? In some systems used in the ancient world, the year was assigned to the end of the reign of the previous king, and the partial year was not counted in the reign of the new king. Instead this was a sort of “year zero” for the new king, called his accession year. This accession year system was typically used by the Assyrians and Babylonians. The non-accession year system was used by the kings of Israel, whose first dynasty was founded by Jeroboam I." Ref-1307, pp. 38-39 "Non-accession numbering means that when a king died, that year was counted as part of his reign, but it was also counted in the total number of years of the king who succeeded him. In this way, a king who died one year after he started would be given two years instead of one, which is the reason that reign length formulas use a number that is one less than the non-accession number." Ref-1311, p. 226. "One general principle is that non-accession years are used when the years are measured from the start of a king's coregency with his father." Ref-1311, p. 226.


chronology - accession-year reckoning :

"Two systems of reckoning were used for the Hebrew kings, accession-year reckoning (postdating), and non-accession year reckoning (antedating). Since in the latter system the year in which a ruler began is termed his first official year, that year is counted twice, for it is also the last year of the previous ruler. Thus in a country where this system is used one year must always be deducted from the official total of every reign in order to secure actual years. Totals according to accession-year reckoning, however, equal actual totals. Judah used accession-year reckoning from Rehoboam to Jehoshaphat, non-accession year reckoning from Jehoram to Joash, and accession-year reckoning again from Amaziah to Zedekiah. Israel used nonaccession-year reckoning from Jeroboam to Jehoahaz, and accession-year reckoning from Jehoash to Hoshea." Ref-0839, p. 14. "The Accession Year System is also called Postdating by some writers." Ref-1507, p. 141. "Non-Accession year system: The remainder of the previous king’s year is counted as the first year of his successor and also counted as the last year of the previous king. If a king reigned only a week before and a week after the New Year, he would be said to reign two years when using this system. . . . The Non-Accession Year System is also called Antedating by some writers." Ref-1507, p. 141.


chronology - Anno Domini - 4 year error : 4; Luke 3:1; Luke 3:23

"The mistake came about in this way: The Christian Era (i.e. the scheme of dates beginning A.D. 1) was not devised until A.D. 532. Its inventor, or contriver, was a monk named Dionysius Exiguus. At that time the system of dates in common use began from the era of the emperor Diocletian, A.D. 284. Exiguus was not willing to connect his system of dates with the name of that infamous tyrant and persecutor. So he conceived the idea of connecting his system with, and dating all its events from, the Incarnation of Jesus Christ. His reason for wishing to do this was, as he wrote to Bishop Petronius, “to the end that the commencement of our hope might be better known to us, and that the cause of man’s restoration, namely our Redeemer’s passion, might appear with clearer evidence.” For the carrying out of his excellent plan, it was necessary to fix the date of the Incarnation in the terms of the chronological systems then in vogue. The Romans dated the beginning of their history from the supposed date of the founding of the city (ab urbe condita or A.U.C. as usually abbreviated). Dionysius Exiguus calculated that the year of our Lord’s birth was A.U.C. 753. He made his equivalence of dates from Luke 3:1 . . . at which time Christ was 30 years of age according to Luke 3:23. But it was ascertained later that a mistake of four years had been made; for it clearly appears by Matthew 2 that Christ was born before the death of Herod, who died in A.U.C. 749 A.U.C. Tiberius succeeded Augustus, Aug. 19, A.U.C. 767. Hence his 15th year would be A.U.C. 779; and from those facts Dionysius was right in his calculation. But it was discovered in later years that Tiberius began to reign as colleague with Augustus four years before the latter died. Hence the 15th year mentioned by Luke was four years earlier than was supposed by Dionysius, and consequently the birth of Christ was that many years earlier than the date selected by Exiguus, which date has been followed ever since." Ref-1298, pp. 84-85.


chronology - apologetic value :

". . . if the text, composed as it is by many human authors over a span of many centuries, yields itself to such analysis wherewith all the chronological data may be arranged without violation, contradiction or conflict into a harmonious systematic framework, faith should be all the more solidly founded. Such a framework would tend to substantiate and establish: (1) a Divine intellect undergirding both the Old and New Testaments; (2) the fact of the GOD of the Bible; (3) the divine inspiration of Scripture; and (4) faith in GOD through and in His Word . . . The ability to so do would set the Holy writings of the Christian faith in bold relief, totally above and apart from those of other world religions. Neither Islam's Koran, the pantheistic Vedas, Upanishads and Bhagavad-Gita of the Hindoos, the Eightfold Path of Buddhism, nor the Analects of Confucius, etc. possesses any revelatory text that would allow similar formalistic scrutiny. Thus these humanistic cults and their devotees must be viewed in stark contrast to the Christian faith and its disciples as they are not able to academically defend their text or its authority." Ref-0186, p. v.


chronology - Assyrian eponym canon : 2K. 18:17

✪ See chronology - Ptolemy - canon. "This dissertation addresses the conflict between the presuppositions and methodologies utilized by the modern school of Biblical chronology whose procedure rests on the Assyrian Eponym Canon, the royal inscriptions of the Assyrians and Babylonians and the Ptolemaic Canon as being absolute and accurate as opposed to the traditional Biblically oriented school which regards the Holy Scripture as the factual source against which all other material must be weighed." Ref-0186, p. iv. "The modern school of Biblical chronology has attempted to establish its chronology by examining the Biblical record for a synchronistic point of contact between Israel and the Assyrian, Babylonian or Egyptian records. Assuming the chronologies of these kingdoms to be established, at least at the points of contact, the foreign kingdom's date is assigned at the synchronous encounter to the Scriptural event. However, such procedure is founded on the fallacious presupposition and attending methodology that the Assyrian Eponym Canon, the royal inscriptions of the Assyrian and Babylonian records and eclipse identification with a subsequent date assignment are sources of absolute and accurate chronology." Ref-0186, p. 6. "The fragment of a tablet giving a list of the Assyrian Limmus or eponyms for the years 858-847 B.C., further years which were originally on the tablet have been broken away. The Assyrians named their years after high officials in cycles, beginning with the king, each office holder being designated Limmu for the year in question. . . . The first line, separated from what follows by a horizontal ruling, is damaged at the beginning and end, but (with restoration in brackets) reads ‘[Reign] of Shalmaneser son of Ashurnasirpal . . .’ referring to Shalmaneser III (858-824 B.C.) . . . Shalmaneser was Limmu for the first time in 857 B.C., and this is listed in the second line below the ruling, where he appears as ‘Shalmaneser, king of Assyria’. The two following lines for the years 856 and 855 B.C., indicate that the Limmuship was next held by the men designated respectively . . . amēluturtānu . . . amēluraʿḇšāqê . . . According to the Old Testament, the holders of these two offices in 701 B.C. appeared, together with the Rabsaris . . . before the walls of Jerusalem, in local command of the army of Sennacherib (2K. 18:17)." Ref-0843, p. 66. "This might be true if somehow we knew that the Assyrian list were complete and without error. To the contrary, at least two clear contradictions are known to exist. These are (1) the addition on one of the main four lists (Ca3) of the name Balatu at the year B.C. 787 and (2) another name (Nabu-shar-usur) which is out of sequence when compared to the other three lists. Other eponym difficulties will be disclosed in a subsequent section within this chapter. All these problems are merely ignored or glossed over in almost all the pertinent literature. . . . The problem is then, that at such places of apparent disagreement the trend in modern scholarship for the past 150 years has been to accept these profane, secular materials -- especially that of the Assyrian Eponym List -- as correct. This data is then imposed upon the Biblical record and where there are discrepancies, the biblical record is over-ruled and forced to fit the secular outline by the arbitrary invention of many non-Biblical co-regencies. . . . The net result of all this that some have reduced the actual length of the Kingdom of Judah's existence by 30 years, and as much as 44 (E. R. Thiele) and even as much as 53 years (W. F. Albright)." Ref-0186, p. 117. "The undeniable reality is that the history of Assyria and Babylonia, although sometimes giving detailed dates, exists only in a mutilated condition with no continuous chronology. This fact cannot be overstated." Ref-0186, p. 154. "Thus, it has been demonstrated that the Assyrian Eponym Canon is fraught with uncertainties and is not the solid unquestioned foundation upon which to base all other chronologies as is published and proclaimed by today's scholars in nearly all quarters." Ref-0186, p. 156. "Pertaining to the subject, Dr. Thiele candidly admits: “Every Assyriologist knows that Assyrian inscriptions are not always reliable in all details. The account given in one place may very from that found in another place. An achievement of one king may be claimed by his successor. The specific details of a victory reported in one year may grow in magnitude and splendor in the reports of succeeding years. The fact that Sargon claimed to have captured Samaria does not prove that he did so.” [Thiele, The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings, op. cit., p. 137.] Is it not most incongruous that in light of so explicit an admission, the eminent Doctor along with nearly all modern scholars not only follows the Assyrian data to the near exclusion of all others, but wholeheartedly endorses its chronological implications allowing possible no more error than that of a single year? Does not this contradict all logic and common sense?" Ref-0186, p. 157. ". . . it is affirmed by most modern scholars that as the Assyrian Eponym List confirms the Assyrian part of the Canon of Ptolemy, the validity of the rest of the Canon should be accepted with complete confidence and trust. This may be true, but as Beecher and Anstey pointed out as far back as A.D. 1907 and 1913 respectively, wherever the Assyrian list of eponyms confirms the Assyrian part of the Canon of Ptolemy, it confirms also the Biblical record! Strangely, the world of scholarship seems unable to perceive this fact." Ref-0186, p. 158.


chronology - astronomy - use :

"It must be remembered that chronology is not merely or chiefly a matter of intervals of time. It is primarily a matter of historical events, their sequence, and the number of years from one known event to another. Astronomers can indeed give us the precise order and dates of all eclipses, which occurred between the days of Cyrus and those of Alexander the Great, or of any other period. But eclipses are events which occur in the heavens, whereas chronology has to do with happenings on earth. Astronomers cannot tell us the succession of the Persian kings, or the length of their several reigns. That information is what is needed to make a chronology, and without it, a perfect chart of all the eclipses is of no more value for the purpose than a map of the moon." Ref-1298, p. 88. "Eclipses, whether of the sun or the moon, are not rare. There are from two to five solar eclipses that can be viewed from somewhere on the earth each year, and every year there is at least one lunar eclipse of one type or another. “Total” lunar eclipses are those for which the entire moon is covered by the earth’s full shadow (the umbra) at some time during the eclipse. “Partial” eclipses are those for which only a portion of the moon’s surface is covered by the earth’s full shadow, and “penumbral” eclipses are those for which no part of the moon is covered by the earth’s umbra, but a portion of the moon is slightly darkened by being in the earth’s partial shadow, or penumbra. Penumbral eclipses are usually too faint to be observed by the unaided eye." Rodger C. Young, How Lunar and Solar Eclipses Shed Light on Biblical Facts Ref-0066, Vol. 26 No. 2 Spring 2013, 37-44, p. 44.


chronology - B.C. 0000 :

✪ See chronology - A.D. 0000, chronology - 0000. Historical events Before Christ.


chronology - B.C. 0001 - Herod the great dies - Young : Luke 3:1; Luke 3:23

"If Jesus was born in the summer of 5 BC or earlier, it leads to the conclusion that he must have been at least 33 years old, perhaps 34 years old, in the summer of the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius (i.e. AD 29) when he was baptized as reported at Luke 3:1. Yet Luke asserts that Jesus was “about thirty years old” at that time (Luke 3:23). It is impossible to discount Luke’s assertion without resorting to special pleading. In turn, this effects the debate about the year of the crucifixion: Was it AD 30 or AD 33? Clearly, if Jesus was born before Herod’s death (as implied by Matt 2:1-15), and Herod died in 1 BC, not 4 BC as held by the consensus view based on Schürer, then the date of his crucifixion could not be AD 30, since that would allow less than one year for his ministry—an impossibility if the Gospels’ accounts of his activities are reliable." Rodger Young, Consular Years and Sabbatical Years in the Life of Herod the Great, 16. See 20200525124002.pdf. "If you agree with us, you will have to change your dates for Herod on page 17 from the consensus dates (40 BC to 4 BC) to Filmer’s dates (39t BC to 2t BC, Herod dying between the lunar eclipse of January 9/10 1 BC and the start of Passover that year). As it is, you have Herod dying (4 BC) before our Lord was born (3/2 BC), which would contradict the birth narrative in Matthew. It’s good that you have the correct dates for our Lord’s birth, baptism, and Passion. " Rodger Young, private correspondence dated 20200514.


chronology - B.C. 0003 (late 3 or early 2) - Jesus born - church fathers :

". . . the overwhelming consensus of the early Christian writers on the date of Jesus’ birth was either 3 or 2 B.C., and not earlier. Irenaeus, Clement of Alexandria, Tertullian, Hippolytus of Rome, “Hippolytus of Thebes,” Origen, Eusebius, Epiphanius, Cassiodorus Senator, and Orosius all agreed on this. Scholars of the past century or so have perhaps been too willing to dismiss their testimony in favor of Schurer’s argument." Gerald Cully, The Star of Bethlehem, Ref-0066 29.3 (2016), 80-85, p. 82.


chronology - B.C. 0003 (late 3 or early 2) - Jesus born - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 254.


chronology - B.C. 0003 (mid) - John the baptist born - Steinmann : John

Ref-1307, p. 254.


chronology - B.C. 0003 - Jesus - born :

". . . 3/2 B.C. . . . must be Africanus's date for the birth of Christ." Ref-0840, p. 157. ". . . the date of Eusebius for the birth of Jesus is 3/2 B.C., the same as that given by Africanus." Ref-0840, p. 164.


chronology - B.C. 0004 - Christ - birth - Anderson :

"Fynes Clinton sums up his discussion of the matter thus: “The nativity was not more than about eighteen months before the death of Herod, nor less than five or six. The death of Herod was either in the spring of B.C. 4, or the spring of B.C. 3. The earliest possible date then for the nativity is the autumn of B.C. 6 (U.C. 748), eighteen months before the death of Herod in B.C. 4. The latest will be the autumn of B.C. 4 (U.C. 750), about six months before his death, assumed to be in spring B.C. 3.” . . . Clinton wrote in ignorance of what Zumpt has since brought to light respecting the census of Quirinus. The introduction of this new element into the consideration of the question, enables us with absolute confidence, adopting Clinton’s dictum, to assign the death of Herod to the month Adar of B.C. 3, and the nativity to the autumn of B.C. 4. That the least uncertainty should prevail respecting the time of an event of such transcendent interest to mankind is a fact of strange significance. But whatever doubt there may be as to the birth-date of the Son of God, it is due to no omission in the sacred page if equal doubt be felt as to the epoch of His ministry on earth. There is not in the whole of Scripture a more definite chronological statement than that contained in the opening verses of the third chapter of St. Luke. “In the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, Pontius Pilate being governor of Judaea, and Herod being tetrarch of Galilee, and his brother Philip tetrarch of Ituraea and of the region of Trachonitis, and Lysanias the tetrarch of Abilene, Annas and Caiaphas being the high priests, the word of God came unto John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness.”" Ref-0762, pp. 93-94.


chronology - B.C. 0004 - Christ - birth - historic views :

"Bengel, Wieseler, Lange, Lichtenstein, Anger, Greswell, Ellicott, Plumptre, Merivale, for [a.u.] 750." Ref-0124, p. 1.2.16.6.


chronology - B.C. 0004 - Herod - death - Jones :

"Accordingly, the death of Herod must have taken place between 12 March and 7 April in the year 4 B.C." Ref-0186, p. 219.


chronology - B.C. 0004 - Jesus - born - Irenaeus :

Ref-0186, p. 220.


chronology - B.C. 0004 - Jesus - born - Tertullian :

Ref-0186, p. 220.


chronology - B.C. 0004 - Jesus - born vs. creation - Jones :

"If the mathematical outline . . . is correct, Adam was created out of the dust of the earth on the sixth day, Friday the 26th of September, 4004 B.C. If, as most researchers reckon, Christ Jesus were born in 4 B.C. His birth took place precisely 4000 years after Adam (4000 AM)." Ref-0186, p. 28.


chronology - B.C. 0005 - Christ - birth - Anstey :

Ref-1299, p 282.


chronology - B.C. 0005 - Christ - birth - historic views :

"Petavius, Ussher, Tillemont, Browne, Angus, Robinson, Andrews, McClellan, for [a.u.] 749" Ref-0124, p. 1.2.16.6.


chronology - B.C. 0005 - Christ - birth - Klassen :

Ref-0844, pp. 3,49.


chronology - B.C. 0005 - Christ - birth - Mauro :

Ref-1298, p. 83.


chronology - B.C. 0005 - Magi observe the star - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 254.


chronology - B.C. 0006 - Christ - birth - historic views :

"Kepler (reckoning from the conjunction of Jupiter, Saturn and Mars in that year), Lardner, Ideler, Ewald, for [a.u.] 748" Ref-0124, p. 1.2.16.6.


chronology - B.C. 0007 - Christ - birth - historic views :

"The French Benedictines, Sanclemente, Münter, Wurm, Ebrard, Jarvis, Alford, Jos. A. Alexander, Zumpt, Keim, decide for a.u. 747" Ref-0124, p. 1.2.16.6.


chronology - B.C. 0020 - Zerubbabel's Temple reconstructed by Herod :

✪ Built in B.C. 515, destroyed in A.D. 70. Ref-0144, p. 53. "Herod began construction of the Temple in 19 B.C., and although the work on the central part of the sacrificial area was completed in seven years and dedicated, detail work continued on the Temple complex for the next 75 years." Ref-0146, pp. 76-77.


chronology - B.C. 0020 - Zerubbabel’s Temple reconstructed by Herod :

Ref-1307, p. 253. "Although the reconstruction was equal to an entire rebuilding, still the Herodian Temple cannot be spoken of as a third Temple, for Herod even said himself, that it was only intended to be regarded as an enlarging and further beautifying of that of Zerubbabel’s." [http://www.bible-history.com/jewishtemple/JEWISH_TEMPLEHerods_Temple00000006.htm] accessed 20121201.


chronology - B.C. 0030 - A.D. 0180 - Roman Emperors : Caesars - Roman
chronology - B.C. 0034→0004 - Reign of Herod the Great - JUDAICA :

Ref-1315


chronology - B.C. 0036 - Herod conquers Jerusalem - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 253.


chronology - B.C. 0037→0003 - Reign of Herod the Great - Anderson-PRINCE :

Ref-0043, p. 249.


chronology - B.C. 0037→0004 - Reign of Herod the Great - BRITANNICA :

Ref-0825, art..


chronology - B.C. 0037→0004 - Reign of Herod the Great - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0038 (Tishri) - Herod first regnal year - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 253.


chronology - B.C. 0039 (late) - Herod appointed king - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 253.


chronology - B.C. 0039→0001 - Reign of Herod the Great - Steinmann-CHRONO :

Ref-1307, pp. 224,229,253. More precisely, 39t→2t, from personal correspondence with Bible chronologist Rodger C. Young on May 14, 2020.


chronology - B.C. 0039→???? - Reign of Herod the Great - Finegan-CHRONO :

Ref-0840, p. 123.


chronology - B.C. 0040→0004 - Reign of Herod the Great - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 198.


chronology - B.C. 0040→0037 - Reign of Antigonus Mattathias (Hasmonean) - JUDAICA :

Ref-1315


chronology - B.C. 0040→0037 - Reign of Antigonus Mattathias (Hasmonean) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 83.


chronology - B.C. 0044 - Julius Caesar authorizes Antipator and Hyrcanus to repair walls of Jerusalem - Ironside-SILENT :

Ref-1126, p. 85.


chronology - B.C. 0063 - A.D. 0410 - Roman Empire over middle east :

Ref-0045, pp. 34-35. Ref-0049, p. 36. "Judea's independence. . . ended in year 63 B.C. with the triumphal entrance of Roman general Pompey into Jerusalem." Ref-0014, p. 64. "not only did he enter the Holy Place, but he also tore away its veil of separation and marched into the Holy of Holies itself. A record of the event was preserved by the Roman historian Tacitus: ‘By right of conquest he entered their Temple. It is a fact well known, that he found no image, no statue, no symbolical representation of the Deity: the whole presented a naked dome; the sanctuary was unadorned and simple.’" Ref-0146, p. 76.


chronology - B.C. 0063 - Pompey in Judea - Anderson-PRINCE :

Ref-0043, p. 249.


chronology - B.C. 0063 - Pompey in Judea - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 198.


chronology - B.C. 0063 - Pompey in Judea - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0063 - Pompey invades middle east :

Ref-0045, pp. 34-35


chronology - B.C. 0063→0040 - Hyrcanus II (Hasmonean) - JUDAICA :

Ref-1315


chronology - B.C. 0063→0040 - Hyrcanus II (Hasmonean) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 83.


chronology - B.C. 0067→0063 - Aristobulus II (Hasmonean) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 83.


chronology - B.C. 0067→???? - Aristobulus II (Hasmonean) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 198.


chronology - B.C. 0072→0046 - Reign of Ptolemy XI (Egypt) - Klassen-CHRONO :

✪ Designated Ptolemy #10 by Klassen-CHRONO. Ref-0844, p. 47.


chronology - B.C. 0076→0067 - Hyrcanus II and Salome Alexandra (Hasmonean) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 198.


chronology - B.C. 0076→0067 - Hyrcanus II and Salome Alexandra (Hasmonean) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 83.


chronology - B.C. 0080→0051 - Reign of Ptolemy XI (Egypt) - MBA :

✪ Designated Ptolemy XII by MBA. Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0088→0080 - Reign of Ptolemy X (Egypt) - MBA :

✪ Designated Ptolemy XI by MBA. Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0089→0072 - Reign of Ptolemy X (Egypt) - Klassen-CHRONO :

✪ Designated Ptolemy #9 by Klassen-CHRONO. Ref-0844, p. 47.


chronology - B.C. 0103→0076 - Alexander Jannaeus (Hasmonean) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 198.


chronology - B.C. 0103→0076 - Alexander Jannaeus (Hasmonean) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0103→0076 - Alexander Jannaeus (Hasmonean) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 83.


chronology - B.C. 0104→0103 - Aristobulus I (Hasmonean) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 198.


chronology - B.C. 0104→0103 - Aristobulus I (Hasmonean) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 83.


chronology - B.C. 0107→0088 - Reign of Ptolemy IX (Egypt) - MBA :

✪ Designated Ptolemy X by MBA. Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0108→0089 - Reign of Ptolemy IX (Egypt) - Klassen-CHRONO :

✪ Designated Ptolemy #8 by Klassen-CHRONO. Ref-0844, p. 47.


chronology - B.C. 0113 - Samaritan temple destroyed : John 4:20

"According to the first-century historian Flavius Josephus, the Samaritan Temple was destroyed by John Hyrcanus in 113 B.C."


chronology - B.C. 0117→0107 - Reign of Ptolemy VIII (Egypt) - MBA :

✪ Designated Ptolemy IX by MBA. Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0117→0109 - Reign of Ptolemy VIII (Egypt) - Klassen-CHRONO :

✪ Designated Ptolemy #7 by Klassen-CHRONO. Ref-0844, p. 47.


chronology - B.C. 0129→0125 - Second Reign of Demetrius II Nicator (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 81.


chronology - B.C. 0135→0104 - John Hyrcanus I (Hasmonean) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 198.


chronology - B.C. 0135→0104 - John Hyrcanus I (Hasmonean) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0135→0104 - John Hyrcanus I (Hasmonean) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 83.


chronology - B.C. 0138/0139→0129 - Reign of Antiochus VII Sidetes (Syria) - BRITANNICA :

Ref-0825[art.]


chronology - B.C. 0138→0129 - Reign of Antiochus VII Sidetes (Syria) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0138→0129 - Reign of Antiochus VII Sidetes (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 81.


chronology - B.C. 0138→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Newton-CHRONO :

Ref-1507, pp. 22, 123, 138.


chronology - B.C. 0139→0129 - Reign of Antiochus VII Sidetes (Syria) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 197.


chronology - B.C. 0143→0134 - Simon Maccabaeus (Hasmonean) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 83.


chronology - B.C. 0143→0135 - Simon Maccabaeus (Hasmonean) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 198.


chronology - B.C. 0143→0135 - Simon Maccabaeus (Hasmonean) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0145→0117 - Reign of Ptolemy VII Physcon (Egypt) - MBA :

✪ Designated Ptolemy VIII by MBA. Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0145→0117 - Reign of Ptolemy VII Physcon (Egypt) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 80.


chronology - B.C. 0145→0138 - Reign of Demetrius II Nicator (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 81.


chronology - B.C. 0145→0142 - Reign of Antiochus VI Epiphanes Dionysus (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 81.


chronology - B.C. 0146→0117 - Reign of Ptolemy VII Physcon (Egypt) - Klassen-CHRONO :

✪ Designated Ptolemy #6 by Klassen-CHRONO. Ref-0844, p. 47.


chronology - B.C. 0150 ca. - Dead Sea Community - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 198. -


chronology - B.C. 0150→0145 - Reign of Alexander Balas (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 81.


chronology - B.C. 0152→0143 - Reign of Jonathan Maccabaeus (Hasmonean) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0160→0143 - Reign of Jonathan Maccabaeus (Hasmonean) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 198.


chronology - B.C. 0160→0143 - Reign of Jonathan Maccabaeus (Hasmonean) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 83.


chronology - B.C. 0162→0150 - Reign of Demetrius I Soter (Syria) - BRITANNICA :

Ref-0825, art.


chronology - B.C. 0162→0150 - Reign of Demetrius I Soter (Syria) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 197.


chronology - B.C. 0162→0150 - Reign of Demetrius I Soter (Syria) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0162→0150 - Reign of Demetrius I Soter (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 81.


chronology - B.C. 0163→0162 - Reign of Antiochus V Eupator (Syria) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 197.


chronology - B.C. 0163→0162 - Reign of Antiochus V Eupator (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 80.


chronology - B.C. 0164 - Cleansing of the Temple (Channukah) - JUDAICA :

Ref-1315


chronology - B.C. 0164 - Hannukah : John 10:22

"164 B.C. Hasmonean revolt, led by Judas Maccabeus, liberated Jerusalem and reconsecrated the Temple. . .commemorated by Feast of Dedication or Hanukkah." Ref-0010, p. 349. "‘Dedication’ translates the Aramaic word hanukkah." Ref-0076, n. Ezra 6:16. "On the twenty-fifth day of the month of Kislev -- then October 16, for the Hebrew lunar calendar had not been intercalated since 167 B.C.E. -- in the year 164 B.C.E., the Jews celebrated the rededication of the temple sacrificial service." Ref-0150, p. 248. "The centerpiece of the celebration is a nine-branch candelabrum. The first candle is called the “servant” candle and is used to light one additional candle each night to commemorate the eight days of the miracle." Gordon Franz, "Jesus Celebrates Hannukah!", Ref-0066, Vol. 20 No. 4 2007, 116:119, p. 117. "But ere the [death of Antiochus], an event of great importance occurred at Jerusalem: the cleansing of the temple, as predicted by Daniel, at the expiration of the 2,300 days of defilement. It was in 171 B.C. that the sanctuary was first polluted. In 165 and 164, the holy place was purified, and the ancient service reestablished amid the joyful acclamations of the Chasidim and the enthusiastic shouts of the nationalists. . . . The temple was renovated and decorated, and at last, all was in readiness for its re-dedication. This took place on the 25th Chisleu, 165 B.C., exactly three years from the day when the first offering had been made on the altar to Jupiter, and some six and a half years after it had been first polluted by Antiochus. Ever after, the Jews kept “The Feast of the Dedication” as a yearly festival (see John 10:22), in the wintry month of Chisleu, or December." Ref-1126, p. 53. "25 Kislev, December 14." Ref-1307, p. 217.


chronology - B.C. 0164→0160 - Reign of Judas Maccabaeus (Hasmonean) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 83.


chronology - B.C. 0164→0162 - Reign of Antiochus V Eupator (Syria) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0165 - Cleansing of the Temple (Channukah) - Anderson-PRINCE :

Ref-0043, p. 249.


chronology - B.C. 0165 - Cleansing of the Temple (Channukah) - Ironside-SILENT :

Ref-1126, p. 53.


chronology - B.C. 0166→0161 - Reign of Judas Maccabaeus (Hasmonean) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 198.


chronology - B.C. 0167 (15 Kislev) - Antiochus Epiphanes IV desecrates temple - Steinmann :

✪ December 6th Ref-1307, p. 217.


chronology - B.C. 0167 - Antiochus Epiphanes IV descrates temple :

"On December 16, 167 B.C., the Second Temple was dedicated to the worship of Zeus and a pig was sacrificed on the great altar (1 Macc. 1:29-67)." Ref-1383, p. 40.


chronology - B.C. 0167 - Maccabees and Hasmoneans come to power :

Ref-0045, pp. 34-35


chronology - B.C. 0167→0140 - Maccabees in Judaea - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 198.


chronology - B.C. 0167→0161 - Reign of Judas Maccabaeus (Hasmonean) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0168 - Antiochus Epiphanes IV desecrates temple : Dan. 8:23-25; Dan. 11:21-35

"Antiochus further desecrated the Temple by sacrificing an unclean animal (a pig) on the Temple altar and by erecting a statue of Zeus Olympians in the Holy of Holies in 168 B.C. This action had been predicted by the prophet Daniel (Dan. 8:23-25; 11:21-35) and served as a partial fulfillment of the type of desecration the Temple would one day suffer under the Antichrist (Dan. 7:24-26; 9:24-27; 11:36-45)." Ref-0146, p. 75. "Josephus Antiquities 12.5.4 (253) attests that, contrary to Jewish law, swine were offered in sacrifice; cf. 2 Macc. 6:5." Ref-1200, p. 82n10. "Seleucus, the king, died, however, before Onias reached him, and the king’s brother, Antiochus, who surnamed himself Epiphanes (the illustrious), was declared king. He is called by an opposite designation in Daniel 11:21, R. V., namely, “a contemptible person.” His own courtiers evidently concurred in this last appellation, for they changed one Greek letter in this self-assumed name, which made it Epimanes (the madman). This wretched king is the persecuting “King of the North,” a synopsis of whose history had been pre-written in Daniel 11:21–35. He has been well-named “The Antichrist of the Old Testament.”" Ref-1126, p. 36.


chronology - B.C. 0175 - Antiochus Epiphanes IV born - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 217.


chronology - B.C. 0175 - B.C. 164 Antiochus Epiphanes IV lives - Tyndale Seminary :

Ref-0045, p. 68.


chronology - B.C. 0175→0163 - Reign of Antiochus IV Epiphanes (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 81.


chronology - B.C. 0175→0164 - Reign of Antiochus IV Epiphanes (Syria) - BRITANNICA :

Ref-0825[art.]


chronology - B.C. 0175→0164 - Reign of Antiochus IV Epiphanes (Syria) - Mack-CHRONO :

Ref-1547


chronology - B.C. 0175→0164 - Reign of Antiochus IV Epiphanes (Syria) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0175→???? - Reign of Antiochus IV Epiphanes (Syria) - Steinmann-CHRONO :

Ref-1307, p. 217.


chronology - B.C. 0176→0163 - Reign of Antiochus IV Epiphanes (Syria) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 197.


chronology - B.C. 0180→0145 - Reign of Ptolemy VI Philometer (Egypt) - BRITANNICA :

✪ ,"Ptolemy VI ruled as co-regent with his mother, . . . Mother and son governed effectively until her death in 176." Ref-0825, “Ptolemy VI Philometer.”


chronology - B.C. 0180→???? - Reign of Ptolemy VI Philometer (Egypt) - Ironside-SILENT :

Ref-1126, p. 29.


chronology - B.C. 0181→0145 - Reign of Ptolemy VI Philometer (Egypt) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 80.


chronology - B.C. 0181→0170 - Reign of Ptolemy VI Philometer (Egypt) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0182→0146 - Reign of Ptolemy VI Philometer (Egypt) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 197.


chronology - B.C. 0182→0146 - Reign of Ptolemy VI Philometer (Egypt) - Klassen-CHRONO :

✪ Designated Ptolemy #5 by Klassen-CHRONO. Ref-0844, p. 47.


chronology - B.C. 0187→0175 - Reign of Seleucus IV Philopator (Syria) - BRITANNICA :

Ref-0825[art.]


chronology - B.C. 0187→0175 - Reign of Seleucus IV Philopator (Syria) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 197.


chronology - B.C. 0187→0175 - Reign of Seleucus IV Philopator (Syria) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0187→0175 - Reign of Seleucus IV Philopator (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 81.


chronology - B.C. 0203→0181 - Reign of Ptolemy V Epiphanes (Egypt) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0203→0181 - Reign of Ptolemy V Epiphanes (Egypt) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 80.


chronology - B.C. 0204→0180 - Reign of Ptolemy V Epiphanes (Egypt) - Ironside-SILENT :

Ref-1126[28-29]


chronology - B.C. 0204→0182 - Reign of Ptolemy V Epiphanes (Egypt) - Klassen-CHRONO :

✪ Designated Ptolemy #4 by Klassen-CHRONO. Ref-0844, p. 47.


chronology - B.C. 0205→0182 - Reign of Ptolemy V Epiphanes (Egypt) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 197.


chronology - B.C. 0205→???? - Reign of Ptolemy V Epiphanes (Egypt) - BRITANNICA :

✪ Died in 180, Ref-0825, art.


chronology - B.C. 0221→0203 - Reign of Ptolemy IV Philopator (Egypt) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0221→0203 - Reign of Ptolemy IV Philopator (Egypt) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 80.


chronology - B.C. 0221→0205 - Reign of Ptolemy IV Philopator (Egypt) - BRITANNICA :

Ref-0825[art.]


chronology - B.C. 0222→0204 - Reign of Ptolemy IV Philopator (Egypt) - Klassen-CHRONO :

✪ Designated Ptolemy #3 by Klassen-CHRONO. Ref-0844, p. 47.


chronology - B.C. 0222→0205 - Reign of Ptolemy IV Philopator (Egypt) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 197.


chronology - B.C. 0223→0187 - Reign of Antiochus III the Great (Syria) - BRITANNICA :

Ref-0825[art.]


chronology - B.C. 0223→0187 - Reign of Antiochus III the Great (Syria) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 197.


chronology - B.C. 0223→0187 - Reign of Antiochus III the Great (Syria) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0223→0187 - Reign of Antiochus III the Great (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 81.


chronology - B.C. 0223→???? - Reign of Antiochus III the Great (Syria) - Ironside-SILENT :

Ref-1126, p. 27.


chronology - B.C. 0225→0223 - Reign of Seleucus III Soter (Syria) - BRITANNICA :

Ref-0825[art.], 226/


chronology - B.C. 0225→0223 - Reign of Seleucus III Soter (Syria) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 197.


chronology - B.C. 0226→0223 - Reign of Seleucus III Soter (Syria) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0226→0223 - Reign of Seleucus III Soter (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 81.


chronology - B.C. 0246→0221 - Reign of Ptolemy III Euergetes (Egypt) - BRITANNICA :

Ref-0825[art.]


chronology - B.C. 0246→0221 - Reign of Ptolemy III Euergetes (Egypt) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0246→0221 - Reign of Ptolemy III Euergetes (Egypt) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 80.


chronology - B.C. 0246→0225 - Reign of Seleucus II Callinicus (Syria) - BRITANNICA :

Ref-0825, art.


chronology - B.C. 0246→0226 - Reign of Seleucus II Callinicus (Syria) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0246→0226/0225 - Reign of Seleucus II Callinicus (Syria) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 197.


chronology - B.C. 0247→0222 - Reign of Ptolemy III Euergetes (Egypt) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 197.


chronology - B.C. 0247→0222 - Reign of Ptolemy III Euergetes (Egypt) - Klassen-CHRONO :

✪ Designated Ptolemy #2 by Klassen-CHRONO. Ref-0844, p. 47.


chronology - B.C. 0247→0226 - Reign of Seleucus II Callinicus (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 80.


chronology - B.C. 0247→???? - Reign of Ptolemy III Euergetes (Egypt) - Ironside-SILENT :

Ref-1126, p. 25.


chronology - B.C. 0261→0246 - Reign of Antiochus II Theos (Syria) - BRITANNICA :

Ref-0825[art.]


chronology - B.C. 0261→0246 - Reign of Antiochus II Theos (Syria) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 197.


chronology - B.C. 0261→0246 - Reign of Antiochus II Theos (Syria) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0261→0247 - Reign of Antiochus II Theos (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 80.


chronology - B.C. 0280→0261 - Reign of Antiochus I Soter (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 80.


chronology - B.C. 0281→0261 - Reign of Antiochus I Soter (Syria) - BRITANNICA :

Ref-0825[art.]


chronology - B.C. 0281→0261 - Reign of Antiochus I Soter (Syria) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 197.


chronology - B.C. 0281→0261 - Reign of Antiochus I Soter (Syria) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0282→0247 - Reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Egypt) - Klassen-CHRONO :

✪ Designated Ptolemy #1 by Klassen-CHRONO. Ref-0844, p. 47.


chronology - B.C. 0283/0282→???? - Reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Egypt) - BRITANNICA :

Ref-0825[art.]


chronology - B.C. 0283→0246 - Reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Egypt) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0284→???? - Reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Egypt) - Ironside-SILENT :

Ref-1126, p. 23.


chronology - B.C. 0285→0246 - Reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Egypt) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 80.


chronology - B.C. 0285→0247 - Reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Egypt) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 197.


chronology - B.C. 0312→0280 - Reign of Seleucus I Nicator (Syria) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 80.


chronology - B.C. 0312→0281 - Reign of Seleucus I Nicator (Syria) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 197.


chronology - B.C. 0312→0281 - Reign of Seleucus I Nicator (Syria) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0312→???? - Reign of Seleucus I Nicator (Syria) - JUDAICA :

Ref-1315


chronology - B.C. 0321 - Death of Alexander the Great :

"When Philip II, king of Macedonia, was assassinated in 336 B.C. his son Alexander III the Great succeeded him, conquered virtually the whole world and died suddenly in Babylon on Daisios/Aiaru 29 = June 10, 323 B.C." Ref-0840, pp. 101-102.


chronology - B.C. 0323→0282 - Reign of Ptolemy I Lagi (or Soter) (Egypt) - Klassen-CHRONO :

✪ Designated Ptolemus by Klassen-CHRONO. Ref-0844, p. 47.


chronology - B.C. 0323→0283 - Reign of Ptolemy I Lagi (or Soter) (Egypt) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0323→0285 - Reign of Ptolemy I Lagi (or Soter) (Egypt) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 197., ?→284 Ironside-SILENT

Ref-1126, p. 23.


chronology - B.C. 0323→0285 - Reign of Ptolemy I Lagi (or Soter) (Egypt) - Scott-JEWISH :

Ref-1200, p. 80.


chronology - B.C. 0331 - Death of Alexander the Great : Dan. 7:6 (four heads)

"When Alexander died (331 BC) his Empire was divided between his four generals: 1. Casander took over the home territory of Greece and Macedonia. 2. Lysimachus inherited Thrace and a large chunk of Asia Minor. 3. Ptolemy reigned over Egypt. 4. Seleucus became king over Syria and much of the Middle East, including Palestine." Ref-0045, p. 62. "Alexander's empire was not given to his posterity. Hercules, the son of Alexander at the time of his death, whose mother was Barsina, was murdered by Polysperchon. Young Alexander, born posthumously of Roxana, was murdered in 310 B.C." Ref-0005, p. 257.


chronology - B.C. 0331→0323 - Reign of Alexander the Great (Greece) - Jones-BASICS :

Ref-0186, p. 335., ?→323 Larkin-DAN

Ref-1523[Dan. 2:45]


chronology - B.C. 0333 to B.C. 0063 - Greek Empire under Alexander, Ptolemies, Seleucids :

Ref-0045, pp. 34-35


chronology - B.C. 0334→0323 - Reign of Alexander the Great (Greece) - Whitcomb-DAN :

Ref-1331, p. 109.


chronology - B.C. 0335 - 0331 - Darius Codomannus - reign - Newton :

"Darius Codomannus (335-331 B.C.)" Ref-1507, p. 125. "Darius Codomannus (335-331 B.C.) (5 years) - Ptolemy’s Canon only allows 4 years for his rule" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0335n→0331 - Reign of Darius III (Codomannus, Persia) - Steinmann-CHRONO :

Ref-1307, p. 176.


chronology - B.C. 0335→0323 - Reign of Alexander the Great (Greece) - Klassen-CHRONO :

Ref-0844, p. 46.


chronology - B.C. 0335→0330 - Reign of Darius III (Codomannus, Persia) - Larkin-DAN :

Ref-1523[Dan. 2:45]


chronology - B.C. 0335→0331 - Reign of Darius III (Codomannus, Persia) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 193.


chronology - B.C. 0335→0331 - Reign of Darius III (Codomannus, Persia) - Newton-CHRONO :

Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0335→0332 - Reign of Darius III (Codomannus, Persia) - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS :

Ref-0839,228]


chronology - B.C. 0336→0323 - Reign of Alexander the Great (Greece) - BRITANNICA :

Ref-0825[art.], ?→323 Clarke-BIBLE

Ref-1330[Dan. 2:45]


chronology - B.C. 0336→0323 - Reign of Alexander the Great (Greece) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0336→0330 - Reign of Darius III (Codomannus, Persia) - BRITANNICA :

Ref-0825[art.], ?→331 Clarke-BIBLE

Ref-1330[Dan. 2:45], 336/


chronology - B.C. 0336→0331 - Reign of Darius III (Codomannus, Persia) - Schlegal-SBA :

Ref-1482, p. 104.,


chronology - B.C. 0336→0332 - Reign of Darius III (Codomannus, Persia) - Jones-BASICS :

Ref-0186, p. 335.


chronology - B.C. 0337 - 0336 - Arses - reign - Newton :

"Arses or Arogus (337-336 B.C.)" Ref-1507, p. 125. "Arses or Arogus (337-336 B.C.) (2 years)" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0337→0336 - Reign of Arses (Persia) - Newton-CHRONO :

Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0337→0336 - Reign of Arses (Persia) - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS :

Ref-0839,228], 337n→336 Steinmann-CHRONO

Ref-1307, p. 176.


chronology - B.C. 0337→0336/0335 - Reign of Arses (Persia) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 193.


chronology - B.C. 0338→0335 - Reign of Arses (Persia) - Klassen-CHRONO :

Ref-0844, p. 46.


chronology - B.C. 0338→0336 - Reign of Arses (Persia) - Bissell-APOCRYPHA :

Ref-1542, p. 7.


chronology - B.C. 0338→0336 - Reign of Arses (Persia) - BRITANNICA :

Ref-0825[art.], 338/


chronology - B.C. 0338→0336 - Reign of Arses (Persia) - Jones-BASICS :

Ref-0186, p. 335.


chronology - B.C. 0358 - 0338 - Artaxerxes Ochus - reign - Newton :

"Artaxerxes Ochus (358-338 B.C.)" Ref-1507, p. 125. "Artaxerxes Ochus (358-338 B.C.) (21 years)" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0358n→0338 - Reign of Artaxerxes III (Ochus, Persia) - Steinmann-CHRONO :

Ref-1307, p. 176.


chronology - B.C. 0358→0335 - Reign of Artaxerxes III (Ochus, Persia) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0358→0338 - Reign of Artaxerxes III (Ochus, Persia) - BRITANNICA :

Ref-0825[art.], 359/


chronology - B.C. 0358→0338 - Reign of Artaxerxes III (Ochus, Persia) - Klassen-CHRONO :

Ref-0844, p. 46.


chronology - B.C. 0358→0338 - Reign of Artaxerxes III (Ochus, Persia) - Newton-CHRONO :

Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0358→0338 - Reign of Artaxerxes III (Ochus, Persia) - Ptomony[Thiele-KINGS :

Ref-0839,228]


chronology - B.C. 0358→0338 - Reign of Artaxerxes III (Ochus, Persia) - Schlegal-SBA :

Ref-1482, p. 104.


chronology - B.C. 0358→338/337 - Reign of Artaxerxes III (Ochus, Persia) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 193.


chronology - B.C. 0358→0339 - Reign of Artaxerxes III (Ochus, Persia) - Jones-BASICS :

Ref-0186, p. 335.


chronology - B.C. 0359→0337 - Reign of Artaxerxes III (Ochus, Persia) - Anderson-PRINCE :

Ref-0043, p. 249.


chronology - B.C. 0359→0338 - Reign of Artaxerxes III (Ochus, Persia) - Bissell-APOCRYPHA :

Ref-1542, p. 7., 359/


chronology - B.C. 0404 - 0359 - Artaxerxes Mnemon - reign - Newton :

"Artaxerxes Mnemon (404-359 B.C.)" Ref-1507, p. 125. "Artaxerxes Mnemon (404-359 B.C.) (46 years)" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0404→0358 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - BRITANNICA :

Ref-0825[art.]


chronology - B.C. 0404→0358 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - JUDAICA :

Ref-1315


chronology - B.C. 0404→0358 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - Klassen-CHRONO :

Ref-0844, p. 46.


chronology - B.C. 0404→0358 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0404→0358 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - Schlegal-SBA :

Ref-1482, p. 104.


chronology - B.C. 0404→0359 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - Bissell-APOCRYPHA :

Ref-1542, p. 6.


chronology - B.C. 0404→0359 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 193.


chronology - B.C. 0404→0359 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - Newton-CHRONO :

Ref-1507[125,138]


chronology - B.C. 0404→0359 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS :

Ref-0839,228]


chronology - B.C. 0405 - Darius Nothus - reign ends - Newton :

"Darius Nothus (424-405 B.C.) (20 years)" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0405→0350 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - Jones-BASICS :

Ref-0186, pp. 334-335.


chronology - B.C. 0405→0359 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - Anderson-PRINCE :

Ref-0043, p. 249.


chronology - B.C. 0423→0404 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - BRITANNICA : Ne. 12:22

Ref-0825,art.


chronology - B.C. 0423→0404 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - Criswell-BIBLE : Ne. 12:22

Ref-0147, p. 652.


chronology - B.C. 0423→0404 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - Harrison-OT : Ne. 12:22

Ref-0836, p. 193.


chronology - B.C. 0423→0404 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - Klassen-CHRONO : Ne. 12:22

✪ Klassen shows this period as occupied by Xerxes II and Darius II. Ref-0844, p. 46.


chronology - B.C. 0423→0404 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - MBA : Ne. 12:22

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0423→0405 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - Jones-BASICS : Ne. 12:22

Ref-0186, p. 333.


chronology - B.C. 0423→0405 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS : Ne. 12:22

Ref-0839,p. 227.


chronology - B.C. 0424 - Darius Nothus - reign begins - Newton :

"Darius Nothus (424-405 B.C.) (20 years)" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0424 - Secondianus (Sogdianus) - reign - Newton :

"Secondianus (Sogdianus) (424 B.C.) (7 months) - omitted in Ptolemy’s Canon" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0424 - Xerxes II - reign - Newton :

"Xerxes II (424 B.C.) (2 months) - omitted in Ptolemy’s Canon" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0424→0404 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - Bissell-APOCRYPHA : Ne. 12:22

Ref-1542, p. 6.


chronology - B.C. 0424→0404 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - Schlegal-SBA : Ne. 12:22

Ref-1482, p. 104.


chronology - B.C. 0424→0405 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - Anderson-PRINCE : Ne. 12:22

Ref-0043, p. 249.


chronology - B.C. 0424→0405 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - Newton-CHRONO : Ne. 12:22

Ref-1507, pp. 125, 138.


chronology - B.C. 0432 - Sanballat builds temple - Newton : John 4:19

"432 B.C. Sanballat built a temple in Mount Gerizim and appointed his son-in-law Manasseh as its first high priest. (Newton’s date was 422 B.C., ed.)" Ref-1507, p. 22.


chronology - B.C. 0444 - Decree of Artaxerxes I Longimanus to Nehemiah - Hoehner-CHRONO : Ne. 2:1-8

". . . the decree of Artaxerxies (Ne. 2:1) occurred in Nisan (March/April) of 444 B.C." Ref-0044, pp. 126, 128.


chronology - B.C. 0444 - Decree of Artaxerxes I Longimanus to Nehemiah - Newton-CHRONO : Ne. 2:1-8

Ref-1507, p. 22.


chronology - B.C. 0444 to 0033 A.D. - seventy sevens : 70; Ne. 2:1-9; Dan. 9:25-27; Mark 1:14; Luke 12:56 (?); Luke 19:28-40

Dr. Harold Hoehner's calculation: Begins Nisan 1 of Artaxerces’ 20th year (March 5, 444 BC, Ne. 2:5-9). Sixty-nine ‘sevens’ = 173,880 (69 x 7 x 360) days ending on the Triumphal Entry on Nisan 10, A.D. 33 (March 30, A.D. 33, Luke 19:28-40). Messiah cut off after 69 weeks on Nisan 14 (April 3) A.D. 33. Calculation: 476 years x 365.24219879 days per solar year = 173,855 days. Days between March 5 and March 30 = 25. Total: 173,855 + 25 = 173,880 days. Ref-0044, pp. 115-140. "Several factors commend this decree as the one prophesied by Daniel (Dan. 9:25) for the commencement of the seventy weeks. First, there is a direct reference to the restoration of the city (Ne. 2:3,5) and of the city gates and walls (Ne. 2:3,8). Second, Artaxerxes wrote a letter to Asaph to give materials to be used specifically for the walls (Neh. 2:8). Third, the Book of Nehemiah and Ezra 4:7-23 indicate that certainly the restoration of the walls was done in the most distressing circumstances, as predicted by Daniel (Dan. 9:25). Fourth, no later decrees were given by the Persian kings pertaining to the rebuilding of Jerusalem." Ref-0044, p. 126. "The actual rebuilding of the city was first carried out some decades later by the priest Ezra, the governor Nehemiah, and the prophet Malachi. Their activity set in with the decree of the Persian king Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Arthasastha), in the seventh year of his reign (465-424), regarding the political reorganization of Palestine, and therefore in the year 457 B.C. (Ezra 7:7,25). The beginning of Ezra's activity is thus the beginning of the seventy year-weeks. If we add to this year 457 the foretold sixty-nine year-weeks, that is 483 years, we come to the year 26/27 A.D., that is, to the exact year in which, according to Luke 3:1-2, shortly after John the Baptist, Christ began to proclaim the message of the heavenly kingdom." Ref-0197, p. 160. "A very interesting account of the reason for the 243-year shortfall between the Jewish calendar and Ussher's date was written by Floyd Nolen Jones and given in Appendix G of The Annals of the World by Ussher, pages 931-934. The Jewish people (of which I am one) obtained their current date from the Book of the Order of the World, the Seder Olam Rabbah, compiled by Rabbi Yose ben Halafta [died A.D. 160]. The main discrepancy was the 164 year period that was deliberately left out of the Persian Empire in order to make the Daniel 9:25 prophecy point to Simon bar Kokhba instead of Jesus of Nazareth. The prophecy of Daniel 9:25 so perfectly pointed to Christ that the only way to get around that prophecy was to change their national chronology. In Appendix G of Annals, Floyd Nolen Jones actually gives the year 2003 as being the Jewish year 5763. It's truly amazing what lengths people will go to in order to avoid the Saviour." Richard Biss, "Feedback", Ref-0028, 26(4) September-November 2004, p. 4. "The 69 Weeks were not unto “Messiah the Priest” atoning on the Cross, nor unto “Messiah the Prophet” entering on His public ministry, nor unto Messiah hailed momentarily, as a “King,” by the crowd, then crucified to-morrow, but unto Messiah the “Prince” of the House of David and Heir to the throne of His father. . . . The Birth of the Prince, and King only by right but not yet by enthronement over the “House of Jacob” was the ad quem. Such was the close of the 69 Weeks, or 483 years, in the year of the decree of Caesar Augustus to enroll the world, 30 years before the 15th regnal year of Tiberius, and according to our chronology A.U.C. 747, or 748, or 749; according to the Bible, A.D. 1." Ref-0734, pp. 141-142. "Let it be realized that, starting with Adam, and following the ever widening circles, from generation to generation, of his rapidly multiplying offspring, there were countless millions of directions which any selected chronological and genealogical line might have taken. It is, therefore, to be reckoned among the clearest evidences of Divine superintendence in the writing of the Scriptures that the one line, to which alone dates are unfailingly attached, is that which led finally “unto Messiah the Prince” (Dan. 9:25)." Ref-1298, p. 9. Questionable: Luke 12:56 (?);


chronology - B.C. 0445 (3 Ab) - Jerusalem - walls started - Steinmann : Ne. 6:15

Ref-1307, p. 214.


chronology - B.C. 0445 (25 Elul) - Jerusalem - walls finished - Steinmann : Ne. 6:15

Ref-1307, p. 214.


chronology - B.C. 0445 - Decree of Artaxerxes I Longimanus to Nehemiah - Anderson-PRINCE : Ne. 2:1-8

Ref-0043, p. 248.


chronology - B.C. 0445 - Decree of Artaxerxes I Longimanus to Nehemiah - How-DAN : Ne. 2:1-8

Ref-1308, p. 46.


chronology - B.C. 0445 - Decree of Artaxerxes I Longimanus to Nehemiah - JUDAICA : Ne. 2:1-8

Ref-1315


chronology - B.C. 0454 - Nehemiah - returns to Judah - Newton :

"454 B.C. Nehemiah returned to Judah. (Newton’s date was 444 B.C., ed.)" Ref-1507, p. 22. "In the twentieth year of the king in 454 B.C., Nehemiah heard that the Jews were in great affliction and distress and that the wall of Jerusalem which Ezra had recently repaired, was broken down and its gates burned. He obtained permission from the king to go and build the city and the governor’s house (Ne. 1:3; 2:6,8,17). He arrived at Jerusalem the same year and remained as governor for twelve years until 442 B.C. and rebuilt the wall." Ref-1507, p. 130.


chronology - B.C. 0454 - seventy weeks - begin - Pierce : Dan. 9:24

"The following material was taken from Archbishop Ussher’s Annals of the World. The first extract relates to the husband of Esther. The second impacts the dating of events in the reign of Artaxerxes, and . . . defines the correct starting time of Daniel’s Seventy Weeks to be 454 B.C. [See my related notes taken directly from Ussher. - Tony]" Ref-1507, p. 143.


chronology - B.C. 0457 - Decree of Artaxerxes I Longimanus to Ezra - Archer-DAN : Ezra 7:11-26

Ref-1539, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 0457 - Decree of Artaxerxes I Longimanus to Ezra - Hoehner-CHRONO : Ezra 7:11-26

Ref-0044, p. 124.


chronology - B.C. 0457 - Decree of Artaxerxes to Ezra - Hoehner : Ezra 7:11-26

"The third decree was the decree of Ezra in 457 B.C. It encouraged the return of more exiles with Ezra, the further enhancement of the temple and its accompanying worship, and the appointment of civil leaders (Ezra 7:11-26). . . .this decree has not a word about the rebuilding of the city of Jerusalem but rather the temple in Jerusalem." Ref-0044, p. 124.


chronology - B.C. 0457 - Decree of Cyrus - Mauro : Dan. 9:24; 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Ezra 6:3-5

"It is true that Ezra, in the very brief statement he gives of the decree of Cyrus, does not specifically mention the building of the city. But that emission affords no ground whatever for assuming that the decree of Cyrus did not provide for the rebuilding of the city, much less does it afford reason for setting aside the word of the Lord spoken by Isaiah. In fact the decree of Cyrus, under which the Jews were, one and all, permitted to return to Jerusalem, and under which over forty-two thousand did return at once, necessarily implied permission to build houses to dwell in. The building of the temple is the most important matter, and that is why it is specifically mentioned in Ezra's brief reference to the decree of Cyrus. But, according to the prophecy of Isaiah “the commandment to rebuild the city was to be joined with that to rebuild the temple.” Hence when we have found the commandment to rebuild the temple we have found that to rebuild the city." Ref-0896, p. 10. "Furthermore, that the building of Jerusalem did actually proceed under the decree of Cyrus, appears from the fact that, at a time when only the foundation of the temple had been laid, the adversaries complained that the Jews were “rebuilding the rebellious and bad city, and have set up the walls thereof, and have joined the foundations” (Ezra 4:12). That statement of the adversaries was not a fabrication; for it is fully corroborated by Haggai, who (prophesying during that same period of the cessation of work on the temple) said that the people were dwelling in their own panelled-up houses, and that they ran every one to his own house (Haggai 1:4, 7)." Ref-0896, p. 10.


chronology - B.C. 0457 - Ezra sets out for Jerusalem - Baron : Ezra 7:11-26

"In B.C. 458, Ezra, "the scribe of the law of the God of heaven," in accordance with the decree of Artaxerxes Longimanus, organised another large caravan of those whose hearts were made willing to return to the land of their fathers." Ref-1367, loc. 382.


chronology - B.C. 0457 - seventy sevens begins - Austin : Dan. 9:25-27

Ref-0784, 22(3) 2008, p. 51.


chronology - B.C. 0457 - seventy sevens begins - Mauro : Dan. 9:25-27; Mat. 24:15

"The sense of the passage, as given in the Septuagint version, which our Lord quoted in Matthew 24:15, is that the “one week” (the last of the 70, of which 69 had been previously accounted for) would witness the confirming of the new covenant with many (see Matt. 26:28, noting the words “covenant” and “many”), whereby the sacrifices and oblation of the old covenant were caused to cease (Heb. 10:9), and the things predicted in verse 24 were fulfilled. It was “in the midst of the week,” as stated in Daniel 9:27, that Christ was crucified; for His ministry lasted between three and four years, . . ." Ref-1298, p. 97.


chronology - B.C. 0458 - Decree of Artaxerxes I Longimanus to Ezra - Anderson-PRINCE : Ezra 7:11-26

Ref-0043, p. 248.


chronology - B.C. 0458 - Decree of Artaxerxes I Longimanus to Ezra - Baron-TEN : Ezra 7:11-26

Ref-1367[par. 382]


chronology - B.C. 0458 - Decree of Artaxerxes I Longimanus to Ezra - JUDAICA : Ezra 7:11-26

Ref-1315


chronology - B.C. 0458 - Decree of Artaxerxes I Longimanus to Ezra - Klassen-CHRONO : Ezra 7:11-26

Ref-0844, p. 46.


chronology - B.C. 0464 - 0425 - Artaxerxes Longimanus - reign - Newton :

"Artaxerxes Longimanus (464-425 B.C.)" Ref-1507, p. 125. "Artaxerxes Longimanus (464-425 B.C.) (40 years) (viceroy 474-465 B.C.)" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0464n→0424 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Steinmann-CHRONO : Ezra 4:7-23; Ezra 7:1; Ezra 8:1; Ezra 9:1; Ezra 10:1; Ne. 1:1; Mal. 1:1

Ref-1307, pp. 176, 195.


chronology - B.C. 0464→0423 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Harrison-OT : Ezra 4:7-23; Ezra 7:1; Ezra 8:1; Ezra 9:1; Ezra 10:1; Ne. 1:1; Mal. 1:1

Ref-0836, p. 193.


chronology - B.C. 0464→0423 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Klassen-CHRONO : Ezra 4:7-23; Ezra 7:1; Ezra 8:1; Ezra 9:1; Ezra 10:1; Ne. 1:1; Mal. 1:1

Ref-0844, p. 46.


chronology - B.C. 0464→0423 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - MBA : Ezra 4:7-23; Ezra 7:1; Ezra 8:1; Ezra 9:1; Ezra 10:1; Ne. 1:1; Mal. 1:1

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0464→0424 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Criswell-BIBLE : Ezra 4:7-23; Ezra 7:1; Ezra 8:1; Ezra 9:1; Ezra 10:1; Ne. 1:1; Mal. 1:1

Ref-0147, p. 652.


chronology - B.C. 0464→0424 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Martin-EZRA : Ezra 4:7-23; Ezra 7:1; Ezra 8:1; Ezra 9:1; Ezra 10:1; Ne. 1:1; Mal. 1:1

Ref-1548, p. 1:654


chronology - B.C. 0464→0424 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS] : Ezra 4:7-23; Ezra 7:1; Ezra 8:1; Ezra 9:1; Ezra 10:1; Ne. 1:1; Mal. 1:1

Ref-0839, p. 227.


chronology - B.C. 0464→0424 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Yamauchi-PERSIA : Ezra 4:7-23; Ezra 7:1; Ezra 8:1; Ezra 9:1; Ezra 10:1; Ne. 1:1; Mal. 1:1

"It is certain that Nehemiah (Neh. 1:1; 2:1) served as the cupbearer of Artaxerxes I, who ruled from 464 to 424 b.c., because an Elephantine papyrus (Cowley #30), dated to 407, mentions the sons of Sanballat, the governor of Samaria and adversary of Nehemiah." Ref-1521, p. 242.


chronology - B.C. 0464→0425 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Newton-CHRONO : Ezra 4:7-23; Ezra 7:1; Ezra 8:1; Ezra 9:1; Ezra 10:1; Ne. 1:1; Mal. 1:1

Ref-1507, pp. 22, 125. Viceroy 474-465. Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0465 - Artabanus - Newton :

"Artabanus (465 B.C.)" Ref-1507, p. 125.


chronology - B.C. 0465 - Artaxerxes Longimanus - sole reign - Newton :

"465 B.C. Artaxerxes Longimanus reigned as sole king. (Newton’s date was 464 B.C., ed.)" Ref-1507, p. 22.


chronology - B.C. 0465-0424 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - JUDAICA : Ezra 4:7-23; Ezra 7:1; Ezra 8:1; Ezra 9:1; Ezra 10:1; Ne. 1:1; Mal. 1:1

Ref-1315


chronology - B.C. 0465→0424 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Jones-BASICS : Ezra 4:7-23; Ezra 7:1; Ezra 8:1; Ezra 9:1; Ezra 10:1; Ne. 1:1; Mal. 1:1

Ref-0186, pp. 333-334.


chronology - B.C. 0465→0424 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Mack-CHRONO : Ezra 4:7-23; Ezra 7:1; Ezra 8:1; Ezra 9:1; Ezra 10:1; Ne. 1:1; Mal. 1:1

Ref-1547


chronology - B.C. 0465→0424 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Schlegal-SBA : Ezra 4:7-23; Ezra 7:1; Ezra 8:1; Ezra 9:1; Ezra 10:1; Ne. 1:1; Mal. 1:1

Ref-1482, p. 104.


chronology - B.C. 0465→0425 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Anderson-PRINCE : Ezra 4:7-23; Ezra 7:1; Ezra 8:1; Ezra 9:1; Ezra 10:1; Ne. 1:1; Mal. 1:1

Ref-0043, p. 64n29.


chronology - B.C. 0465→0425 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Bissell-APOCRYPHA : Ezra 4:7-23; Ezra 7:1; Ezra 8:1; Ezra 9:1; Ezra 10:1; Ne. 1:1; Mal. 1:1

Ref-1542 pp. 5, 6.


chronology - B.C. 0465→0425 - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - BRITANNICA : Ezra 4:7-23; Ezra 7:1; Ezra 8:1; Ezra 9:1; Ezra 10:1; Ne. 1:1; Mal. 1:1

Ref-0825, art.


chronology - B.C. 0465→???? - Reign of Artaxerxes I Longimanus (Persia, Artashasta - Pierce-USSHER : Ezra 4:7-23; Ezra 7:1; Ezra 8:1; Ezra 9:1; Ezra 10:1; Ne. 1:1; Mal. 1:1

Ref-1507, p. 22.


chronology - B.C. 0467 - Ezra - returns to Judah - Newton : Ezra

"467 B.C. Ezra returned into Judah." Ref-1507, p. 22. "In the seventh year in 467 B.C. of his [Ahasuerus or Xerxes 1] successor Artaxerxes, Ezra and his companions went up from Babylon with offerings and vessels for the temple." Ref-1507, p. 130.


chronology - B.C. 0474 - Artaxerxes Longimanus - viceroy with father, Xerxes I - Pierce :

"474 B.C. Artaxerxes Longimanus became viceroy with his father Xerxes I. (Newton had no entry for this date, ed.)" Ref-1507, p. 22.


chronology - B.C. 0479 - Esther becomes queen - Klassen :

Ref-0844, p. 46.


chronology - B.C. 0484 - 0465 - Xerxes I - reign - Newton :

"485 B.C. Xerxes I reigned." Ref-1507, p. 22. "Xerxes I (484-465 B.C.)" Ref-1507, p. 125. "Xerxes I (484-465 B.C.) (21 years)" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0485/0484→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Newton-CHRONO : Ezra 4:6; Est. 1:1

Ref-1507, pp. 22, 125, 138.


chronology - B.C. 0485→0464 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Klassen-CHRONO : Ezra 4:6; Est. 1:1

Ref-0844, p. 46.


chronology - B.C. 0485→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Anderson-PRINCE : Ezra 4:6; Est. 1:1

Ref-0043, p. 248.


chronology - B.C. 0485→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Anstey-TABLES : Ezra 4:6; Est. 1:1

Ref-1303, p. 54.


chronology - B.C. 0485→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Martin-EZRA : Ezra 4:6; Est. 1:1

Ref-1548, p. 1:654.


chronology - B.C. 0485→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS : Ezra 4:6; Est. 1:1

Ref-0839,p. 227.


chronology - B.C. 0485→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Wiseman-BABYLONIA : Ezra 4:6; Est. 1:1

Ref-1553, p. 1:396.


chronology - B.C. 0486→0464 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - MBA : Ezra 4:6; Est. 1:1

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0486→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Bissell-APOCRYPHA : Ezra 4:6; Est. 1:1

Ref-1542, pp. 5, 6.


chronology - B.C. 0486→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - BRITANNICA : Ezra 4:6; Est. 1:1

Ref-0825, art.


chronology - B.C. 0486→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Criswell-BIBLE : Ezra 4:6; Est. 1:1

Ref-0147, p. 652.


chronology - B.C. 0486→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Jones-BASICS : Ezra 4:6; Est. 1:1

Ref-0186, p. 333.


chronology - B.C. 0486→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Schlegal-SBA : Ezra 4:6; Est. 1:1

Ref-1482, p. 104.


chronology - B.C. 0486→0465/0464 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Harrison-OT : Ezra 4:6; Est. 1:1

Ref-0836, p. 193.


chronology - B.C. 0507 - Jerusalem - destroyed by Babylon : Jer. 52:4-7

Ref-0784, 22(3) 2008, p. 51.


chronology - B.C. 0515 - Babylonian captivity ended - Klassen :

Ref-0844, p. 43.


chronology - B.C. 0515 - second temple completed - Finegan : Ezra 6:15; Hag. 1:1-2; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:18

✪ Enlarged in A.D. 20, destroyed in A.D. 70, Ref-0144, p. 53. "The beginning of the work was in the sixth month, on the twenty-fourth day of the month (Hag. 1:15). . . . The completion of the rebuilding of the temple was on the third day of the month of Adar in the sixth year of the reign of Darius (Ezra 6:15). The date was Mar 12, 515." Ref-0840, p. 267.


chronology - B.C. 0515 - second temple completed - Gilbert : Ezra 6:15; Hag. 1:1-2; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:18

"The king's treasury even helped to finance the cost of the rebuilding of the ruined Temple, which was finally completed on the 3rd of Adar (February-March) 515 B.C.E." Ref-0152, p. 33.


chronology - B.C. 0515 - second temple completed - Yamauchi : Ezra 6:15; Hag. 1:1-2; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:18

"The temple was thus finished on March 12, 515, a little over seventy years after its destruction. As the renewed work on the temple had begun September 21, 520 (Hag. 1:4-15), sustained effort had been expended for four years and three months by the inspired community." Ref-1521, p. 159.


chronology - B.C. 0515 - temple - second - dedicated - Newton :

"515 B.C. The second temple was finished and dedicated." Ref-1507, p. 22.


chronology - B.C. 0516 - second temple completed - Couch? : Ezra 6:15; Hag. 1:1-2; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:18

Ref-0045, p. 55.


chronology - B.C. 0516 - second temple completed - Klassen : Ezra 6:15; Hag. 1:1-2; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:18

Ref-0844, p. 45.


chronology - B.C. 0516 - second temple completed - Levy : Ezra 6:15; Hag. 1:1-2; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:18

"Consequently, the Jewish people were inspired to resume the work on September 21, 520 B.C. (Hag. 1:15) and completed the task on March 15, 516 B.C. (Ezra 6:15)." David M. Levy, "Called to Repentance", Ref-0057, March/April 2004, p. 24.


chronology - B.C. 0517 - fasts end - Anstey : seventy years - fasts - Anstey
chronology - B.C. 0517 - fasts ends - Anstey : seventy years - servitude, indignation, fasts - Anstey
chronology - B.C. 0518/19 - Decree of Darius : Ezra 5:3-17; Ezra 6:1-12

"The next decree in the restoration of the temple in Jerusalem was due to Tattenai, governor of Judah, who questioned the Jews’ right to rebuild the temple (Ezra 5:3-17). Darius had a search made of Cyrus’ decree and then issued a decree himself about 519/18 B.C. to confirm Cyrus’ original decree (Ezra 6:1-12). This decree will not serve as the beginning date for the seventy weeks because it has specific reference to the temple and not to the city, and because it really is not a new decree but only confirms a former one." Ref-0044, p. 124.


chronology - B.C. 0519 - Ahasuerus - third year - Jones : Est. 1:3

Ref-0186, p. 214.


chronology - B.C. 0519/0518 - Decree of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Feinberg-EXEGETICAL : Ezra 6:6-12

Ref-1546, p. 193.


chronology - B.C. 0520 - desolations ends - Anderson : seventy years - servitude, captivity, desolations - Anderson
chronology - B.C. 0520 - indignation ends - Anstey : seventy years - indignation - Anstey ; seventy years - servitude, indignation, fasts - Anstey
chronology - B.C. 0520 - prophecies of Haggai and Zechariah - Steinmann : Hag. 1:1; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:10; Zec. 1:1; Zec. 1:7; Zec. 5:5-11

"The prophecies in Haggai take place in the second yar of Darius I (Hag. 1:1,15; 2:10), that is, 520 B.C., which is also the year in which Zechariah begins to prophesy (Zec. 1:1,7)." Ref-1307, p. 181. Notice that Zechariah’s prophecy of the woman in the basket (Zec. 5:5-11) occurs in 520 B.C. or thereafter--and cannot therefore be a prediction concerning Neo-Babylonia which had already fallen in 539 B.C. "Another piece of evidence favoring a futuristic Babylon is a prophetic vision found in Zechariah 5:5-11. This vision was given 519 B.C. (Zec. 1:7) . . . Because ancient Babylon had already fallen to the Persians (539 B.C.) by the time that this prophecy was given (519 B.C.), Zechariah’s vision furnishes a clear biblical prediction of a futuristic, rebuilt Babylon. Newton notes, “That this event predicted in this remarkable passage remains still unaccomplished, is sufficiently evident from the fact that Zechariah’s having prophesied after Babylon had received that blow under which it has gradually wanted. Zechariah lived after Babylon had passed into the hands of the Persians . . .” [Benjamin Wills Newton, Babylon: Its Future, History, and Doom, With Remarks on the Future of Egypt and Other Eastern Countries, 3rd ed. (London: Wertheimer, 1890), 64]." -- Ref-1567, p. 29-31. ". . . note the parallels between the woman of Zechariah 5:5-11 and the harlot of Revelation 17-18. [see chart from Mark Hitchcock, The Second Coming of Babylon (Sisters, OR: Multnomah, 2003), 109.]" -- Ref-1567, p. 32.


chronology - B.C. 0520 - temple construction resumes :

Ref-0045, Tape 14:B. "The beginning of the work was in the sixth month, on the twenty-fourth day of the month (Hag. 1:15). . . . The completion of the rebuilding of the temple was on the third day of the month of Adar in the sixth year of the reign of Darius (Ezra 6:15). The date was Mar 12, 515." Ref-0840, p. 267.


chronology - B.C. 0520 - temple construction resumes - Newton :

"520 B.C. The second temple was being built at Jerusalem by the command of Darius Hystaspes." Ref-1507, p. 22.


chronology - B.C. 0520 - temple construction resumes - Yamauchi :

✪ See chronology - 20200206152154.


chronology - B.C. 0520 - temple foundation laid : chronology - 20200206152154
chronology - B.C. 0520→0485 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Wiseman-BABYLONIA : Ezra 4:5; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:5-7; Ezra 6:1; Ezra 6:12-15; Hag. 1:1; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:10; Zec. 1:1; Zec. 1:7; Zec. 7:1

✪ Wiseman refers to him as Darius (II). Ref-1553, p. 1:396.


chronology - B.C. 0520→0515 - Zerubbabel's Temple Built - Anderson-PRINCE : Ezra 3:10; Hag. 2:18; Zec. 4:8; Zec. 8:9

Ref-0043, p 248.


chronology - B.C. 0520→0515 - Zerubbabel's Temple Built - Finegan-CHRONO : Ezra 3:10; Hag. 2:18; Zec. 4:8; Zec. 8:9

Ref-0840, p. 267.


chronology - B.C. 0520→0515 - Zerubbabel's Temple Built - MBA : Ezra 3:10; Hag. 2:18; Zec. 4:8; Zec. 8:9

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0520→0515 - Zerubbabel's Temple Built - Newton-CHRONO : Ezra 3:10; Hag. 2:18; Zec. 4:8; Zec. 8:9

Ref-1507, p. 22.


chronology - B.C. 0520→0515 - Zerubbabel's Temple Built - Oswalt-CHRONO : Ezra 3:10; Hag. 2:18; Zec. 4:8; Zec. 8:9

Ref-1550, p. 1:685.


chronology - B.C. 0520→0515 - Zerubbabel's Temple Built - Yamauchi-PERSIA : Ezra 3:10; Hag. 2:18; Zec. 4:8; Zec. 8:9

"Some scholars have held that there is an “irreconcilable difference” between Ezra 3:10 and the references in Haggai 2:18; Zechariah 4:9; 8:9, as the former speaks of the foundation of the temple in 536 and the latter sources imply a second foundation in 520. We have evidence, however, that it was possible to have more than one foundation ceremony for a particular building. J. Stafford Wright notes a Hittite ritual that speaks of the refoundation of a building and Akkadian rituals that speak of “founding anew” particular temples. Therefore a second foundation of the Jerusalem temple in 520 is conceivable." Ref-1521, pp. 155, 159.


chronology - B.C. 0520→0516 - Zerubbabel's Temple Built - Jones-CHRONO : Ezra 3:10; Hag. 2:18; Zec. 4:8; Zec. 8:9

Ref-1532


chronology - B.C. 0520→0516 - Zerubbabel's Temple Built - Mack-CHRONO : Ezra 3:10; Hag. 2:18; Zec. 4:8; Zec. 8:9

Ref-1547


chronology - B.C. 0520→0516 - Zerubbabel's Temple Built - Schlegel-SBA : Ezra 3:10; Hag. 2:18; Zec. 4:8; Zec. 8:9

Ref-1482, p. 104.


chronology - B.C. 0521 - 0485 - Darius Hystaspes - reign - Newton :

"Darius Hystaspes (521-485 B.C.)" Ref-1507, p. 123. "Darius Hystaspes (521-485 B.C.) (37 years)" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0521 - Darius Hystaspes - reign begins - Newton :

"The reign of Darius Hystaspes over Persia, by Ptolemy’s Canon and the consent of all chronologers and by several eclipses of the moon, began in 521 B.C." Ref-1507, p. 103.


chronology - B.C. 0521 - Decree of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Fruchtenbaum-CHRISTOLOGY : Ezra 6:6-12

Ref-0796, p. 140.


chronology - B.C. 0521n→0486 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Steinmann-CHRONO : Ezra 4:5; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:5-7; Ezra 6:1; Ezra 6:12-15; Hag. 1:1; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:10; Zec. 1:1; Zec. 1:7; Zec. 7:1

Ref-1307, p. 176, 192.


chronology - B.C. 0521→0485 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Anderson-PRINCE : Ezra 4:5; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:5-7; Ezra 6:1; Ezra 6:12-15; Hag. 1:1; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:10; Zec. 1:1; Zec. 1:7; Zec. 7:1

Ref-0043, p. 248.


chronology - B.C. 0521→0485 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Anstey-TABLES : Ezra 4:5; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:5-7; Ezra 6:1; Ezra 6:12-15; Hag. 1:1; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:10; Zec. 1:1; Zec. 1:7; Zec. 7:1

Ref-1303, p. 54.


chronology - B.C. 0521→0485 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Newton-CHRONO : Ezra 4:5; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:5-7; Ezra 6:1; Ezra 6:12-15; Hag. 1:1; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:10; Zec. 1:1; Zec. 1:7; Zec. 7:1

Ref-1507, pp. 103, 123, 138.


chronology - B.C. 0521→0486 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Jones-BASICS : Ezra 4:5; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:5-7; Ezra 6:1; Ezra 6:12-15; Hag. 1:1; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:10; Zec. 1:1; Zec. 1:7; Zec. 7:1

Ref-0186, pp. 332-333.


chronology - B.C. 0521→0486 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Martin-EZRA : Ezra 4:5; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:5-7; Ezra 6:1; Ezra 6:12-15; Hag. 1:1; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:10; Zec. 1:1; Zec. 1:7; Zec. 7:1

Ref-1548, p. 1:654.


chronology - B.C. 0521→0486 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS : Ezra 4:5; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:5-7; Ezra 6:1; Ezra 6:12-15; Hag. 1:1; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:10; Zec. 1:1; Zec. 1:7; Zec. 7:1

Ref-0839, p. 227.


chronology - B.C. 0521→0516 - Zerubbabel's Temple Built - Anstey-TABLES : Ezra 3:10; Hag. 2:18; Zec. 4:8; Zec. 8:9

Ref-1303, p. 56.


chronology - B.C. 0521→???? - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Mack-CHRONO : Ezra 4:5; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:5-7; Ezra 6:1; Ezra 6:12-15; Hag. 1:1; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:10; Zec. 1:1; Zec. 1:7; Zec. 7:1

Ref-1547


chronology - B.C. 0522 - Smerdis - reign - Newton :

"Smerdis (522 B.C.)" Ref-1507, p. 123. "Cambyses (529-522 B.C.) (8 years)" Ref-1507, p. 138. "Magus (Smerdis Impersonator) (522 B.C.) (7 months)" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0522→0486 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Bissell-APOCRYPHA : Ezra 4:5; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:5-7; Ezra 6:1; Ezra 6:12-15; Hag. 1:1; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:10; Zec. 1:1; Zec. 1:7; Zec. 7:1

Ref-1542, pp. 5, 6.


chronology - B.C. 0522→0486 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - BRITANNICA : Ezra 4:5; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:5-7; Ezra 6:1; Ezra 6:12-15; Hag. 1:1; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:10; Zec. 1:1; Zec. 1:7; Zec. 7:1

Ref-0825, art.


chronology - B.C. 0522→0486 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Criswell-BIBLE : Ezra 4:5; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:5-7; Ezra 6:1; Ezra 6:12-15; Hag. 1:1; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:10; Zec. 1:1; Zec. 1:7; Zec. 7:1

Ref-0147, p. 652.


chronology - B.C. 0522→0486 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Harrison-OT : Ezra 4:5; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:5-7; Ezra 6:1; Ezra 6:12-15; Hag. 1:1; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:10; Zec. 1:1; Zec. 1:7; Zec. 7:1

Ref-0836, p. 193.


chronology - B.C. 0522→0486 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - MBA : Ezra 4:5; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:5-7; Ezra 6:1; Ezra 6:12-15; Hag. 1:1; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:10; Zec. 1:1; Zec. 1:7; Zec. 7:1

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0522→0486 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Schlegal-SBA : Ezra 4:5; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:5-7; Ezra 6:1; Ezra 6:12-15; Hag. 1:1; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:10; Zec. 1:1; Zec. 1:7; Zec. 7:1

Ref-1482, p. 104.


chronology - B.C. 0522→0486 - Reign of Darius I (the Great, Hystaspis, Persia) - Steinmman-DAN : Ezra 4:5; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:5-7; Ezra 6:1; Ezra 6:12-15; Hag. 1:1; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:10; Zec. 1:1; Zec. 1:7; Zec. 7:1

Ref-1535, p. 290.


chronology - B.C. 0526 - Daniel taken to Babylon - - Austin-DARIUS : Dan. 1:1

✪ Austin rejects the received Persian chronology. Ref-1543, p. 39.


chronology - B.C. 0526 - Daniel taken to Babylon - - Mauro-WONDERS : Dan. 1:1

✪ Mauro rejects the received Persian chronology. Ref-0895, p. 71.


chronology - B.C. 0527→0521 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Mack-CHRONO :

Ref-1547


chronology - B.C. 0529 - 0522 - Cambyses - reign - Newton :

"Cambyses (529-522 B.C.)" Ref-1507, p. 123.


chronology - B.C. 0529n→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Steinmann-CHRONO :

Ref-1307, p. 176.


chronology - B.C. 0529→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Anderson-PRINCE :

Ref-0043, p. 245.


chronology - B.C. 0529→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Anstey-CHRONO :

Ref-1299, p. 239.


chronology - B.C. 0529→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Anstey-TABLES :

Ref-1303, p. 54.


chronology - B.C. 0529→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Bissell-APOCRYPHA :

Ref-1542, p. 4, 5.


chronology - B.C. 0529→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - BRITANNICA :

Ref-0825, art.


chronology - B.C. 0529→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS :

Ref-0839, p. 227.


chronology - B.C. 0530 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Criswell-BIBLE : Dan. 7:1

Ref-0147, Dan. 7:1.


chronology - B.C. 0530 - Cambyses - reign - Yamauchi :

"Although Cambyses began ruling in 530 b.c., his accession year, his first official regnal year began in the spring of 529 according to the postdating system used by the Persians. . . . There are no biblical references to Cambyses because the Jews were unable to continue work on the temple during his reign." Ref-1521, pp. 93-94.


chronology - B.C. 0530 - Cyrus - died - Newton :

"530 B.C. Cyrus died after the month of Thoth, and Cambyses reigned. His first regal year was 529 B.C." Ref-1507, p. 22.


chronology - B.C. 0530→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Criswell-BIBLE :

Ref-0147, p. 652.


chronology - B.C. 0530→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 193.


chronology - B.C. 0530→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Jones-BASICS :

Ref-0186, p. 332.


chronology - B.C. 0530→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Martin-EZRA :

Ref-1548, p. 1:654.


chronology - B.C. 0530→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - MBA :

Ref-0846, pp. 203, 529,


chronology - B.C. 0530→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Schlegal-SBA :

Ref-1482, p. 104.


chronology - B.C. 0530→0522 - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Wiseman-BABYLONIA :

Ref-1553, p. 1:396.


chronology - B.C. 0530→???? - Reign of Cambyses II (Persia) - Yamauchi-PERSIA :

Ref-1521, p. 93.


chronology - B.C. 0531 - temple - second stalled - Steinmann : Ezra 4:4-5

Ref-1307, p. 191.


chronology - B.C. 0532 (lyyar) - temple - second begun - Steinmann : Ezra 3:8

Ref-1307, p. 191.


chronology - B.C. 0534 - Daniel's service ends - Tyndale Seminary : Jer. 25:1; Jer. 36:1; Jer. 46:2; Dan. 1:1-4

✪ 606-534 B.C., Ref-0045, p. 21.


chronology - B.C. 0536 - 0530 - Cyrus - reign - Newton :

"Cyrus (536-530 B.C.)" Ref-1507, p. 123. "Cyrus (536-530 B.C.) (7 years)" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0536 - Babylonian captivity - end - Tyndale Seminary : Jer. 25:1; Jer. 36:1; Jer. 46:2; Dan. 1:1-4

"The seventy year captivity is figured from 605 B.C. - 536 BC." Ref-0045, tape 14:B.


chronology - B.C. 0536 - captivity ends - Anderson : seventy years - servitude, captivity, desolations - Anderson
chronology - B.C. 0536 - Daniel - final vision - Steinmann : Dan. 10; Dan. 11; Dan. 12

Ref-1307, p. 180.


chronology - B.C. 0536 - Decree of Cyrus - Anderson-PRINCE : 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Isa. 44:28

Ref-0043, p. 248.


chronology - B.C. 0536 - Decree of Cyrus - Anstey-CHRONO : 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Isa. 44:28

Ref-1299, p. 231.


chronology - B.C. 0536 - Decree of Cyrus - Baron : Dan. 9:24; 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Ezra 6:3-5

"This proclamation, which was in reference to all the people "of the Lord God of heaven," was issued in the year B.C. 536, two years after the conquest of Babylon by Cyrus, and was, we are told, promulgated "throughout all his kingdom,"" Ref-1367, loc. 361.


chronology - B.C. 0536 - Decree of Cyrus - Baron-TEN : 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Isa. 44:28

"This proclamation . . . was issued in the year B.C. 536, two years after the conquest of Babylon by Cyrus . . ." Ref-1367, par. 361.


chronology - B.C. 0536 - Decree of Cyrus - Clarke-BIBLE : 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Isa. 44:28

Ref-1330, Dan. 2:45.


chronology - B.C. 0536 - Decree of Cyrus - Jones : Dan. 9:24; 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Ezra 6:3-5

"The return and rebuilding of the Temple began in B.C. 536, the first year in which Cyrus, King of Persia, became the sole ruler over the people of Israel (Cyrus having placed his uncle, Darius the Mede, on the throne to run the affairs of government from Babylon, B.C. 538, while he continued at the head of his army conquering and adding to his kingdom until 536 B.C." Ref-0186, p. 234.


chronology - B.C. 0536 - Decree of Cyrus - Larkin-DAN : 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Isa. 44:28

Ref-1523, Dan. 2:45; Dan. 5:31.


chronology - B.C. 0536 - Decree of Cyrus - Newton-CHRONO : 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Isa. 44:28

Ref-1507, p. 22.


chronology - B.C. 0536 - Decree of Cyrus - West-THOUSAND : 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Isa. 44:28

Ref-0734, p. 122.


chronology - B.C. 0536 - servitude ends - Anderson : seventy years - servitude - Anderson ; seventy years - servitude, captivity, desolations - Anderson
chronology - B.C. 0536 - servitude ends - Anstey : seventy years - servitude - Anstey ; seventy years - servitude, indignation, fasts - Anstey
chronology - B.C. 0536 - temple construction begins - Yamauchi :

✪ See chronology - 20200206152154.


chronology - B.C. 0536 - temple foundation laid : chronology - 20200206152154
chronology - B.C. 0536 - temple rebuilt - Newton :

"536 B.C. The Jews returned from captivity and started to build the second temple." Ref-1507, p. 22.


chronology - B.C. 0536→0529 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Anstey-CHRONO :

Ref-1299, pp. 231, 233, 237.


chronology - B.C. 0536→0529 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Anstey-TABLES :

Ref-1303, p. 54.


chronology - B.C. 0536→0529 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Larkin-DAN :

Ref-1523, Dan. 2:45.


chronology - B.C. 0536→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Anderson-PRINCE :

Ref-0043, p. 245.


chronology - B.C. 0536→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Newton-CHRONO :

Ref-1507, pp. 123, 138.


chronology - B.C. 0536→???? - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Freeman-INTRO :

Ref-0955, p. 274.


chronology - B.C. 0537 - Cyrus - defeats Darius - Newton :

✪ See chronology - 20190613161243.


chronology - B.C. 0537 - Cyrus defeats Darius the Mede : chronology - 20190613161243
chronology - B.C. 0537 - Darius the Mede - reign - Newton :

"Darius the Mede (537 B.C.) (1 year)" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0537 - Decree of Cyrus - Austin-DARIUS : 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Isa. 44:28

✪ Austin rejects the received Persian chronology. Ref-1543, p. 39.


chronology - B.C. 0537 - Decree of Cyrus - Mauro-WONDERS : 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Isa. 44:28

✪ Mauro rejects the received Persian chronology. Ref-0895, p. 82.


chronology - B.C. 0537→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Anderson-DARIUS :

Ref-1508, p. 192. "There is surprisingly solid biblical and extrabiblical support for Xenophon’s claim that Cyrus began his career as the commanding general of the Medo-Persian army and crown prince of Persia, and that he was not made king of both Media and Persia until after the fall of Babylon." Ref-1508, p. 2. "A correlation of biblical and extrabiblical data suggests that Cyrus obtained absolute power over the Medo-Persian Empire approximately two years after the fall of Babylon. Cyrus was preceded by the biblical Darius the Mede, who is called Cyaxares (II) by Xenophon." Ref-1508, p. 182.


chronology - B.C. 0537→???? - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Archer-DAN :

Ref-1539, p. 6.


chronology - B.C. 0538 (Elul?) - temple altar built - Steinmann : Ezra 3:2

Ref-1307, p. 191.


chronology - B.C. 0538 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Anderson-PRINCE : Dan. 5:30-31

Ref-0043, p. 248.


chronology - B.C. 0538 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Anstey-CHRONO : Dan. 5:30-31

Ref-1299, p. 231.


chronology - B.C. 0538 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Anstey-TABLES : Dan. 5:30-31

Ref-1303, p. 54.


chronology - B.C. 0538 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Clarke-BIBLE : Dan. 5:30-31

Ref-1330, Dan. 2:45.


chronology - B.C. 0538 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Greene-DAN : Dan. 5:30-31

Ref-1360, p. 188.


chronology - B.C. 0538 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Larkin-DAN : Dan. 5:30-31

Ref-1523, Dan. 5:4.


chronology - B.C. 0538 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Newton-CHRONO : Dan. 5:30-31

Ref-1507, pp. 22, 105, 106.


chronology - B.C. 0538 - Cyrus - captures Babylon - Newton :

"538 B.C.. Cyrus captured Babylon." Ref-1507, p. 22. "Babylon was taken a month or two after the summer solstice, in 538 B.C. as Ptolemy’s Canon states." Ref-1507, p. 106.


chronology - B.C. 0538 - Decree of Cyrus - Boutflower-DAN : 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Isa. 44:28

Ref-1415, p. xvi.


chronology - B.C. 0538 - Decree of Cyrus - Harrison-OT : 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Isa. 44:28

"The edict of Cyrus, which was promulgated in 538 B.C., has been shown to be substantially historical as a result of modern archaeological discoveries, and constitutes one of the earliest acts of Cyrus after establishing the Persian empire." Ref-0836, p. 193.


chronology - B.C. 0538 - Decree of Cyrus - JUDAICA : 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Isa. 44:28

Ref-1315


chronology - B.C. 0538 - Decree of Cyrus - Martin-EZRA : 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Isa. 44:28

Ref-1548, p. 1:653.


chronology - B.C. 0538 - Decree of Cyrus - MBA : 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Isa. 44:28

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0538 - Decree of Cyrus - Oswalt-CHRONO : 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Isa. 44:28

Ref-1550, p. 1:685.


chronology - B.C. 0538 - Decree of Cyrus - Schlegal-SBA[106] : Ref-1482, p. 106.; 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Isa. 44:28
chronology - B.C. 0538 - Decree of Cyrus - Steinmann : Dan. 9:24; 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Ezra 6:3-5

Ref-1307, p. 191.


chronology - B.C. 0538 - Jews return to Jerusalem under Zerubbabel :

Ref-0045, p. 55. The year is given as B.C. 536 by Ref-0049, p. 19.


chronology - B.C. 0538 - second temple sacrifices resumed - Gilbert : Ezra 6:15; Hag. 1:1-2; Hag. 1:15; Hag. 2:18

"Temple sacrifices were renewed on the first day of the month of Tishri 538 B.C.E. at a festival known as the Feast of Trumpets. . . Seven months later, work began on building the Second Temple itself, using cedarwood ordered from Lebanon." Ref-0152, p. 32.


chronology - B.C. 0538/0537 - Decree of Cyrus - Finegan-CHRONO : 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Isa. 44:28

Ref-0840, p. 179.,


chronology - B.C. 0538/539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Gill-BIBLE : Dan. 5:30-31

"His [Belshazzar’s] death, according to Bishop Usher [Annales Vet. Test. A. M. 3466], Mr. Whiston [Chronological Tables, cent. 10], and Mr. Bedford [Scripture Chronology, p. 711], was in the year of the world 3466 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - A.M., and 538 B.C. Dean Prideaux [Connexion, etc. par. 1. p. 120] places it in 539 B.C." Ref-0904[Dan. 5:30]


chronology - B.C. 0538n - Decree of Cyrus - Steinmann-CHRONO : 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Isa. 44:28

Ref-1307, pp. 179, 191.


chronology - B.C. 0538→0527 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Mack-CHRONO :

Ref-1547


chronology - B.C. 0538→0530 - Cambyses II Viceroy with Cyrus (Persia) - Wiseman-BABYLONIA :

Ref-1553, p. 1:396.


chronology - B.C. 0538→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Martin-EZRA :

Ref-1548, p. 1:654.


chronology - B.C. 0538→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS :

Ref-0839, p. 227.


chronology - B.C. 0538→0537 - Reign of Darius the Mede over Babylon -Anstey-CHRONO :

"The length of the reign of Darius the Median is not stated in Scripture, . . . but it is clear from Dan. 6:28 that he was succeeded by Cyrus, and from 2 Chron. 36:20-23 that the 1st year of Cyrus was the 70th and last of the 70 years' captivity which began in the 3rd year of Jehoiakim, B.C. 605. Hence, whatever may be the number and the names of the monarchs between Nebuchadnezzar and Cyrus, and whatever the number of years that each monarch reigned, we know that the 1st year of Cyrus was the year B.C. 536, and we may provisionally accept the received dates derived from secular history as given by E. A. W. Budge in the British Museum Guide . . . adding thereto the name of Belshazzar as Co-Rex with his father Nabonidus, B.C. 541-539, and the name of Darius the Mede as Rex B.C. 538 and 537, with Cyrus as Co-Rex during these two years, and making Cyrus sole King on the death of Darius the Mede, B.C. 536." Ref-1299, p. 231.


chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia : Dan. 5:28-31

". . .Babylon fell on that sixteenth day of Tishri (Oct. 11 or 12) 539 B.C., as indicated in the Nabonidus Chronical." Ref-0045, p. 50. "The Persian forces took Sippar on Tashritu 14 = Oct 10, 539 B.C.; they took Babylon on Tashritu 16 = Oct 12; and Cyrus entered the city on Arahsamnu 3 = Oct 29." Ref-0840, p. 266. Ref-0844, p. 44. "the Book of Daniel places the prophet in Babylon when Cyrus captured it in 539 (Dan. 1:21; 6:28; 10:1)" Ref-1521, p. 72.


chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Anderson-DARIUS : Dan. 5:30-31

Ref-1508, p. 191.


chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Boutflower-DAN : Dan. 5:30-31

Ref-1415, p. xvi.


chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Finegan-CHRONO : Dan. 5:30-31

"The Persian forces took Sippar on Tashritu 14 = Oct 10, 539 B.C.; they took Babylonian on Tashritu 16 = Oct 12; and Cyrus entered the city on Arahsamnu 3 = Oct 29." Ref-0840, p. 266.,


chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Freeman-INTRO : Dan. 5:30-31

Ref-0955, p. 274.


chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - How-DAN : Dan. 5:30-31

Ref-1308, pp. 46, 163.


chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Jones-BASICS : Dan. 5:30-31

Ref-0186, p. 332.


chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Klassen-CHRONO : Dan. 5:30-31

Ref-0844, p. 44.


chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - MBA : Dan. 5:30-31

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Mills-DAN : Dan. 5:30-31

✪ Ref_1533, Dan. 5:21.


chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Pentecost-DAN : Dan. 5:30-31

Ref-1551, p. 1:1344.


chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Schlegal-SBA : Dan. 5:30-31

Ref-1482, p. 100.


chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Steinmman-DAN : Dan. 5:30-31

Ref-1535, p. 259.


chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Unger-OT : Dan. 5:30-31

Ref-1274, p. 1641.


chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Whitcomb-DARIUS : Dan. 5:30-31

"Babylon taken by Ugbaru (16th of Tishri) . . . Oct. 12., 539 B.C. . . . Babylon entered by Cyrus; and Gubaru, his governor, appoints governors in Babylon (3rd of Marchesvan) . . . Oct. 29, 539 B.C. . . . Death of Ugbaru (11th of Marchesvan) . . . Nov. 6, 539 B.C." Ref-1536, p. 78.


chronology - B.C. 0539 - Babylon falls to Medo-Persia - Yamauchi-PERSIA : Dan. 5:30-31

Ref-1521, p. 72.


chronology - B.C. 0539 - Decree of Cyrus : 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Ezra 6:3-5

"The first decree is the one of Cyrus to rebuild the temple, probably given on October 29, 539 BC. 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Ezra 6:3-5. This decree concerned the return of the captives and the rebuilding of the temple but not a complete restoration of the city." Ref-0044, p. 121. Ref-0844, p. 44. "According to both Ussher and Jones, the 490 years of Daniel 9:15-27 commenced in the 20th year of Artaxerxes, about 80-82 years after the Children of Israel returned from captivity, not immediately after the 70 years of captivity has been completed. I am convinced that the latter position is correct and that Daniel’s prayer for ‘no procrastination’ was answered immediately and was made effective in the 1st year of Cyrus. One of the arguments I set forth was the fact that the building of the city, the temple, the streets, etc. all commenced from this 1st year of Cyrus by the authorisation of one all-inclusive decree, and it was not necessary for there to be a further, separate decree 80-82 years later. Archaeologist David Down has the Cyrus Cylinder stating: “I am Cyrus, king of the world, legitimate king, king of Babylon, king of Sumer and Akkad . . . All the kings of the entire world brought their heavy tributes and kissed my feet in Babylon . . . I (also) gathered all their (former) inhabitants and returned (to them) their habitations . . . I endeavored to repair their dwelling places [emphasis mine].” Compare this above statement from the Cyrus Cylinder with the letter sent by Cyrus to the governors of Syria: “I have given leave to as many of the Jews . . . to return to their own country, and to rebuild their city [emphasis is mine].”" David Austin, "Synchronization of the divided kingdoms of Judah and Israel", Ref-0784, 25(2) 2011, 67-73, pp. 67-68.


chronology - B.C. 0539 - Decree of Cyrus - Hoehner-CHRONO : 2Chr. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-4; Isa. 44:28

Ref-0044, p. 121.


chronology - B.C. 0539 to B.C. 333 - Medo-Persian Empire under Cyrus II :

Ref-0045, pp. 34-35


chronology - B.C. 0539n - 0553n or 0550n - Belshazzar - coregent reign - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 172.


chronology - B.C. 0539n - 0556 - Nabonidus - reign - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 172.


chronology - B.C. 0539n Steinmann-CHRONO : Dan. 5:30-31

Ref-1307, p. 172.


chronology - B.C. 0539→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Criswell-BIBLE :

Ref-0147[633,652]


chronology - B.C. 0539→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 193.


chronology - B.C. 0539→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Jones-BASICS :

Ref-0186, p. 332.


chronology - B.C. 0539→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0539→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Schlegal-SBA :

Ref-1482, p. 100, 104.


chronology - B.C. 0539→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Steinmann-CHRONO :

Ref-1307. p. 176, 176n253.


chronology - B.C. 0539→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Steinmman-DAN :

Ref-1535, p. 291.


chronology - B.C. 0539→???? - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Finegan-CHRONO :

Ref-0840, p. 180.


chronology - B.C. 0541 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Anderson-PRINCE :

Ref-0043, p. 244.


chronology - B.C. 0541 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Anstey-CHRONO :

Ref-1299, p. 231.


chronology - B.C. 0541 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Anstey-TABLES :

Ref-1303, p. 54.


chronology - B.C. 0541 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Greene-DAN :

Ref-1360, p. 204.


chronology - B.C. 0549 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Boutflower-DAN :

Ref-1415, p. xvi.


chronology - B.C. 0549 - Cyrus II conquers the Medes :

Ref-0045, pp. 34-35


chronology - B.C. 0550 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - NSB :

Ref-0107, Dan. 1:1.


chronology - B.C. 0550n or 0553n - 0539n - Belshazzar - coregent reign - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 172.


chronology - B.C. 0550→0539 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0552 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 339.


chronology - B.C. 0553 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Anderson-DARIUS :

Ref-1508, p. 191.


chronology - B.C. 0553 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - How-DAN :

Ref-1308, p. 163.


chronology - B.C. 0553 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Jones-BASICS :

Ref-0186, p. 332.


chronology - B.C. 0553 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Mills-DAN :

✪ Ref_1533; Dan. 5:21.


chronology - B.C. 0553 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Whitcomb-DAN :

Ref-1331, p. 70.


chronology - B.C. 0553 - Belshazzar's first year : Dan. 7:1

"Since Nabonidus made Belshazzar his co-regent in his 3rd year, this first year of Belshazzar was 553 BC, when Daniel was about 65 years old. Nebuchadnezzar had been dead 9 years." Ref-0045, p. 60. "In 556 B.C. Nabonidus deposed Labashi-marduk, the last of Nebuchadnezzar’s direct descendants to sit on the throne of Babylon. However, Nabonidus proved to be singularly unpopular in Babylon because of his devotion to the god Sin instead of Marduk, the patron god of Babylon. In response to this unpopularity, Nabonidus “entrusted the kingship” to his son Belshazzar and voluntarily exiled himself to Tema in the Arabian Desert for about a decade." Ref-1307, p. 175.


chronology - B.C. 0553/0550 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Steinmann-CHRONO :

Ref-1307, p. 175.


chronology - B.C. 0553/0550 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Steinmman-DAN :

Ref-1535, p. 259.


chronology - B.C. 0555 - 0538 - Belshazzar - reign - Newton :

"Belshazzar (555-538 B.C.)" Ref-1507, p. 105. "Nabonadius (Labynitus, Naboandelos, Nabonnedus, Belshazzar) (555-538 B.C.) (18 years)" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0555 - Belshazzar assumes coregency with Nabonidus (Babylon) - Newton-CHRONO :

Ref-1507, pp. 105, 138.


chronology - B.C. 0555 - Nabonadius - reign begins - Newton :

"555 B.C. Nabonadius reigned at Babylon." Ref-1507, p. 22.


chronology - B.C. 0555→0538 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Anderson-PRINCE :

Ref-0043, pp. 244-245.


chronology - B.C. 0555→0538 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Anstey-TABLES :

Ref-1303, p. 54.


chronology - B.C. 0555→0538 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Feinberg-DAN :

Ref-1532, p. 64.


chronology - B.C. 0555→0538 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Greene-DAN :

Ref-1360, p. 188.


chronology - B.C. 0555→0538 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Larkin-DAN :

Ref-1523, Dan. 5:4.


chronology - B.C. 0555→0539 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS] :

Ref-0839, p. 227.


chronology - B.C. 0555→0539 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Schlegal-SBA :

Ref-1482, p. 100.


chronology - B.C. 0555→???? - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Newton-CHRONO :

Ref-1507, p. 22.


chronology - B.C. 0556 - 0539n - Nabonidus - reign - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 172.


chronology - B.C. 0556 - Labasserdah - reign - Newton :

"Laboasserdah (9 months 556 B.C.)" Ref-1507, p. 105.


chronology - B.C. 0556 - Laboasserdach - reign - Newton :

"Laboasserdach (556 B.C. 9 months) - omitted in Ptolemy’s Canon" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0556 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Boutflower-DAN :

Ref-1415, p. xvi.


chronology - B.C. 0556 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Freeman-INTRO :

Ref-0955, p. 273.


chronology - B.C. 0556 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - How-DAN :

Ref-1308, pp. 46, 163.


chronology - B.C. 0556 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Jones-BASICS :

Ref-0186, p. 332.


chronology - B.C. 0556 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Miller-DAN :

"After Nebuchadnezzar's death, his son, Amēl-Marduk, that is, “man of Marduk” (called Evil-Merodach in 2K. 25:27-30 and Jer. 52:31-34), became king and ruled from 562 to 560 B.C. He was assassinated by his brother-in-law, Neriglissar (called Nergal-Sharezer in Jer. 39:3, 13), who after a coup d'etat assumed the throne and reigned until his death in 556 B.C. His son, Labashi-Marduk, became king but was assassinated in another coup after a reign of only a few months (556 B.C.). Nabonidus was then made king and reigned from 556 B.C. until the fall of the empire to Medo-Persia in 539 B.C. His son, Belshazzar, reigned as coregent and is a prominent figure in the Book of Daniel." Ref-1549, p. 44.


chronology - B.C. 0556 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Mills-DAN :

✪ Ref_1533, Dan. 5:21.


chronology - B.C. 0556 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Newton-CHRONO :

Ref-1507, pp. 105, 138.


chronology - B.C. 0556 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Pentecost-DAN :

Ref-1551, p. 1:1344.


chronology - B.C. 0556 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Schlegal-SBA :

Ref-1482, p. 100.


chronology - B.C. 0556 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Steinmman-DAN :

Ref-1535, p. 259.


chronology - B.C. 0556n - 0550n - Neriglissar - reign - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 172.


chronology - B.C. 0556n - Labashi-marduk - reign - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 172.


chronology - B.C. 0556n - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Steinmann-CHRONO :

Ref-1307, p. 172.


chronology - B.C. 0556→0539 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Anderson-DARIUS :

Ref-1508, p. 190.


chronology - B.C. 0556→0539 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Freeman-INTRO :

Ref-0955, p. 273.


chronology - B.C. 0556→0539 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - How-DAN :

Ref-1308, p. 163.


chronology - B.C. 0556→0539 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Jones-BASICS :

Ref-0186, p. 332.


chronology - B.C. 0556→0539 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Klassen-CHRONO :

Ref-0844, p. 44.


chronology - B.C. 0556→0539 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Mills-DAN :

✪ Ref_1533, Dan. 5:21.


chronology - B.C. 0556→0539 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Pentecost-DAN :

Ref-1551, p. 1:1344.


chronology - B.C. 0556→0539 - Reign of Nabonidus (Nabunaid, Babylon) - Steinmman-DAN :

Ref-1535, p. 259.


chronology - B.C. 0556→0555 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Anstey-CHRONO :

Ref-1299, p. 231.


chronology - B.C. 0556→0555 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Anstey-TABLES :

Ref-1303, p. 54.,


chronology - B.C. 0557 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Anderson-DARIUS :

Ref-1508, p. 191.


chronology - B.C. 0557 - Reign of Labashi-Marduk (Laboasserdah, Labosordachus, Babylon) - Wiseman-BABYLONIA :

Ref-1553, p. 1:395.


chronology - B.C. 0559 - 0530 - Darius the Mede - reign - Yamauchi :

"Reigning over the Persians from 559 to 530, Cyrus well deserves the epithet the Great." Ref-1521, p. 72.


chronology - B.C. 0559 - 0537 - Darius the Mede - reign - Newton :

"According to Herodotus, Cyaxeres reigned for forty years and his successor Astyages for thirty-five. [Herodotus, book 1. c. 106,107.] [Herodotus, book 1. c. 130.] Xenophon states that Cyrus reigned for seven years. [Xenophon, Cyropœdia, book. 8. c. 7. s. 1.] Cyrus died in 530 B.C. according to Ptolemy’s Canon. Phraortes was killed in 635 B.C. His son Asytages reigned for thirty-five years and died in 600 B.C. His son Cyaxeres reigned for forty years and died in 560 B.C. Therefore, his son Darius the Mede reigned from 559 to 537 B.C. for twenty-three years." Ref-1507, p. 108. "Darius the Mede (559-537 B.C.) (23 years)" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0559 - 0556 - Neriglissaros - reign - Newton :

"Neriglissaros (559-556 B.C.)" Ref-1507, p. 105. "Neriglissaros (Nergalassaros) (559-556 B.C.) (4 years)" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0559 - Cyrus II (the Great) succeeds his father Cambyses I to the throne of Anshan :

Ref-0045, pp. 34-35


chronology - B.C. 0559?→0537 - Reign of Cyaxares II (Media) - Anderson-DARIUS : Dan. 5:31; Dan. 6:1; Dan. 6:6; Dan. 6:9; Dan. 6:25; Dan. 6:28; Dan. 9:1; Dan. 11:1

Ref-1508, p. 192.


chronology - B.C. 0559→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Anderson-PRINCE :

Ref-0043, pp. 243-244.


chronology - B.C. 0559→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Anstey-CHRONO :

Ref-1299, p. 231.


chronology - B.C. 0559→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Anstey-TABLES :

Ref-1303, p. 54.


chronology - B.C. 0559→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - How-DAN :

Ref-1308, p. 46.


chronology - B.C. 0559→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Newton-CHRONO :

Ref-1507, pp. 105, 138.


chronology - B.C. 0559→???? Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS :

Ref-0839,227]


chronology - B.C. 0560 - Darius - the Mede reigns - Newton :

"560 B.C. Darius the Mede reigned. (Newton’s date was 569 B.C., ed.)" Ref-1507, p. 21.


chronology - B.C. 0560n - 0556n - Neriglissar - reign - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 172.


chronology - B.C. 0560n - 0562n - Amel-marduk - reign - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 172.


chronology - B.C. 0560n→0556n - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Steinmann-CHRONO :

Ref-1307, p. 172.


chronology - B.C. 0560→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Anderson-DARIUS :

Ref-1508, p. 191.


chronology - B.C. 0560→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Boutflower-DAN :

Ref-1415, p. xvi.


chronology - B.C. 0560→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Freeman-INTRO :

Ref-0955, p. 273.


chronology - B.C. 0560→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - How-DAN :

Ref-1308, p. 163.


chronology - B.C. 0560→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Jones-BASICS :

Ref-0186, p. 331.


chronology - B.C. 0560→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Mills-DAN :

✪ Ref_1533, Dan. 5:21.


chronology - B.C. 0560→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Pentecost-DAN :

Ref-1551, p. 1:1344.


chronology - B.C. 0560→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Schlegal-SBA :

Ref-1482, p. 100.


chronology - B.C. 0560→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Steinmman-DAN :

Ref-1535, p. 259.


chronology - B.C. 0560→0558 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Wiseman-BABYLONIA :

Ref-1553, p. 1:395.


chronology - B.C. 0560→0558 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Wiseman-NEB :

Ref-0837, p. 11.


chronology - B.C. 0560→???? Klassen-CHRONO :

Ref-0844, p. 44.,


chronology - B.C. 0561 - 0560 - Evilmerodoch - reign - Newton :

"Evilmerodoch (561-560 B.C.)" Ref-1507, p. 105. "Evilmerodach (Iluarodamus) (561-560 B.C.) (2 years)" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0561 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Anderson-PRINCE :

Ref-0043, p. 248.


chronology - B.C. 0561 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Anstey-CHRONO :

Ref-1299, p. 231.


chronology - B.C. 0561 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Anstey-TABLES :

Ref-1303, p. 54.


chronology - B.C. 0561 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Feinberg-DAN :

Ref-1532, p. 64.


chronology - B.C. 0561 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Greene-DAN :

Ref-1360, p. 188.


chronology - B.C. 0561 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Klassen-CHRONO :

Ref-0844, p. 44.


chronology - B.C. 0561 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Larkin-DAN :

Ref-1523[Dan. 5:4]


chronology - B.C. 0561→0559 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Anderson-PRINCE : 2K. 25:27; Jer. 52:31

Ref-0043, p. 243.


chronology - B.C. 0561→0559 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Anstey-TABLES : 2K. 25:27; Jer. 52:31

Ref-1303, p. 54.


chronology - B.C. 0561→0559 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Feinberg-DAN : 2K. 25:27; Jer. 52:31

Ref-1532, p. 64.


chronology - B.C. 0561→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - How-DAN : 2K. 25:27; Jer. 52:31

Ref-1308, p. 46.


chronology - B.C. 0561→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Klassen-CHRONO : 2K. 25:27; Jer. 52:31

Ref-0844, p. 44.


chronology - B.C. 0561→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Newton-CHRONO : 2K. 25:27; Jer. 52:31

Ref-1507, pp. 105, 138.


chronology - B.C. 0561→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS : 2K. 25:27; Jer. 52:31

Ref-0839, p. 227.


chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Anderson-DARIUS :

Ref-1508, p. 191.


chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Boutflower-DAN :

Ref-1415[xvi]


chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - How-DAN :

Ref-1308, p. 46.

Ref-1308, p. 162.


chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Jones-BASICS :

Ref-0186, p. 331.


chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Mack-CHRONO :

Ref-1547


chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Mills-DAN :

✪ Ref_1533[Dan. 5:21]


chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Schlegal-SBA :

Ref-1482, p. 100.


chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Showers-SEVENTY :

"[A. T. Olmstead, History of the Persian Empire (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1959), p.35.]" Ref-1552, Dan. 5:1.


chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Thiele-KINGS :

"The last dates for Nebuchadnezzar on available tablets are 6/21/43 (3 Oct. 562) and 6/26/43 (8 Oct. 562)." Ref-0839, p. 189.


chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Wiseman-NEB :

"Since the last tablet dated by his regnal years is 8 October 562 at Uruk and the first dated to his successor Amēl-Marduk as king of Babylon [is] on the same day, it is assumed that Nebuchadrezzar died during the first days of October 562 B.C." Ref-0837, p. 113.


chronology - B.C. 0562 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Wood-DAN :

Ref-0746, p. 128.


chronology - B.C. 0562 - Nebuchadnezzar - died - Newton :

✪ See chronology - 20190613144512.


chronology - B.C. 0562 - Nebuchadnezzar died : chronology - 20190613144512
chronology - B.C. 0562 - Nebuchadnezzar dies : 2K. 25:27 (Evil-Merodach); Jer. 39:3 (- Nergalsharezer); Jer. 39:13 (- Nergalsharezer); Jer. 52:31; Dan. 5:1 (Belshazzar)

✪ After Nebuchadnezzar's death in 562, the following kings succeed him: 1. Amel-Marduk (562-560 BC) whom the Scriptures mention as Evil-Merodach 2K. 25:27 Jer. 52:31 was killed by his brother in-law. . . 2. Neriglissar, the Nergalsharezer of Jer. 39:3 and Jer. 39:13 who reigned from 560-556 BC. His son. . . 3. Labashi-Marduk died the year he began to reign (556 BC), killed by members of the court including. . . 4. Nabonidus who ruled from 556-539 BC. His son. . . 5. Belshazzar was co-regent (Nabonidus was absent from the capital for 14 years during one period). Ref-0045, p. 50. See footnote in Ref-0005, p. 113.


chronology - B.C. 0562n - 0560n - Amel-marduk - reign - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 172.


chronology - B.C. 0562n - 0605n - Nebuchadnezzar - reign - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 172.


chronology - B.C. 0562n - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Steinmann-CHRONO :

Ref-1307, p. 172.


chronology - B.C. 0562n→0560n - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Steinmann-CHRONO : 2K. 25:27; Jer. 52:31

Ref-1307, p. 172.


chronology - B.C. 0562→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Anderson-DARIUS : 2K. 25:27; Jer. 52:31

Ref-1508, p. 191.


chronology - B.C. 0562→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Boutflower-DAN : 2K. 25:27; Jer. 52:31

Ref-1415, p. xvi.


chronology - B.C. 0562→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Freeman-INTRO : 2K. 25:27; Jer. 52:31

Ref-0955, p. 273.


chronology - B.C. 0562→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - How-DAN : 2K. 25:27; Jer. 52:31

Ref-1308, p. 162.


chronology - B.C. 0562→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Jones-BASICS : 2K. 25:27; Jer. 52:31

Ref-0186, p. 331.


chronology - B.C. 0562→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - MBA : 2K. 25:27; Jer. 52:31

Ref-0846, p. 126.


chronology - B.C. 0562→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Mills-DAN : 2K. 25:27; Jer. 52:31

✪ Ref_1533, Dan. 5:21.


chronology - B.C. 0562→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Pentecost-DAN : 2K. 25:27; Jer. 52:31

Ref-1551, p. 1:1344.


chronology - B.C. 0562→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Schlegal-SBA : 2K. 25:27; Jer. 52:31

Ref-1482, p. 100.


chronology - B.C. 0562→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Steinmman-DAN : 2K. 25:27; Jer. 52:31

Ref-1535, p. 259.


chronology - B.C. 0562→0560 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Wiseman-NEB : 2K. 25:27; Jer. 52:31

Ref-0837, p. 113.


chronology - B.C. 0563 - Death of Nebuchadnezzar - Pentecost-DAN :

Ref-1551[1:1344]


chronology - B.C. 0573 - 0569 - Nebuchadnezzar - insanity - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 174.


chronology - B.C. 0585 - 0572 - Nebuchadnezzar - besieges Tyre - Newton : Eze. 26:2; Eze. 29:17; Eze. 29:19

"The next year, he [Nebuchadnezzar] besieged Tyre and after a siege of thirteen years from 585 to 572 B.C., and then he took it in the thirty-fifth year of his reign in 572 B.C. (Eze. 26:2; 29:17,19)." Ref-1507, p. 110.


chronology - B.C. 0585 - Cyaxeres - reign begins :

"All scholars agree upon the dates of Cyaxares, the son of Phraortes, whose long forty-year reign (625-585 b.c.) saw the ascendancy of the Medes to their greatest heights (Herodotus 1.106)." Ref-1521, p. 53.


chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Allen-JERUSALEM :

Ref-1538, p. 28.


chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Anstey-CHRONO :

Ref-1299, p. 226.


chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Anstey-TABLES :

Ref-1303, p. 52.


chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Boutflower-DAN :

Ref-1415, p. xvi.


chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Dyer-EZE :

Ref-1544, Eze. 52:12.


chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Finegan-CHRONO :

"British Museum Tablet 21946 . . . provides this record for the seventh year of Nebuchadnezzar: In the seventh year, the month of Kislimu, the king of Akkad mustered his troops, marched to the Hatti-land, and encamped against the city of Judah and on the second day of the month of Addaru he seized the city and captured the king. He appointed there a king of his own choice, received its heavy tribute and sent them to Babylon. The “king of Akkad” is Nebuchadnezzar, the “city of Judah” must be Jerusalem, and the newly chosen king must be Zedekiah, so this is unmistakably the Babylonian record of the fall of Jerusalem to Nebuchadnezzar, corresponding on the whole to the account . . . summarized from 2K. 24. The seventh year of Nebuchadnezzar began on Nisanu 1 (Mar 27) 598 B.C. The month of Kislimu began on Dec 18, 598. The second day of the month of Addaru was Mar 16, 597 B.C. The last is the most exact information to come from cuneiform records for an event recorded in the Bible, and gives us a precise day for the fall of Jerusalem and the capture of Jehoiachin." Ref-0840, p. 259.


chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Jones-CHRONO :

". . . the Fall of Jerusalem is given as occurring in the 19th year of Nebuchadnezzar by Hebrew reckoning (compare the accounts . . . recorded in Kings and Jeremiah), but it is said to transpire in his 18th by Babylonian dating [2K. 25:8-10 cf. Jer. 52:12-14]. . . . the later portion of Jeremiah 52 records the Fall of Jerusalem as having transpired in the 18th year of Nebuchadnezzar (Jer. 52:28-29). The key is to observe that the previously mentioned second deportation occurring in 597 B.C. at the end of Jehoiachin's . . . reign is referenced to and agrees with the Babylonian Chronicles' account and not the Hebrew as found in 2K. 24:10-12 as heretofore noted. This demands that the Jeremiah 52:29 declaration concerning the “18th year” was also according to Babylonian reckoning. This comparison . . . discloses the Jeremiah 52:28-34 is an addendum probably written in Babylonian by Ezra after Jeremiah's death. Consequently, these dates are given according to Babylonian reckoning. . . . It is noteworthy that Jeremiah 52:29-30 is not part of the text of the LXX." Ref-1532, pp. xiii, 132-133.


chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - JUDAICA :

Ref-1315


chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Klassen-CHRONO :

Ref-0844, p. 43.


chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 125.


chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Miller-DAN :

"[Nebuchadnezzar] laid siege to Jerusalem on January 15, 588 B.C. (cf. 2K. 25:1; Jer. 39:1; 52:4; Eze. 24:1-2) and succeeded in capturing it on July 18, 586 B.C. (cf. 2K. 25:2-3; Jer. 39:2; 52:5-7). The final destruction of Jerusalem (which included the demolition of Solomon's temple) began on August 14, 586 B.C. (cf. 2K. 25:8-10)." Ref-1549, pp. 43-44.


chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Oswalt-CHRONO :

Ref-1550, p. 1:685.


chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Schlegal-SBA :

Ref-1482, p. 106.


chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Thiele-KINGS :

"Jerusalem fell on the ninth day of the fourth month of the eleventh year of Zedekiah, the nineteenth year of Nebuchadnezzar (2 Kings 25:203, 8), that is, on 18 July 586 B.C." Ref-0839, p. 189. "Although the Babylonian tablets dealing with the final fall and destruction of Jerusalem have not been found, it should be noticed that the testimony of Ezekiel 40:1 is definitive in regard to the year 586. Since Ezekiel had his vision of the temple on the twenty-fifth anniversary of his and Jehoiachin’s captivity (28 April 573), and since this was the fourteenth year after Jerusalem’s fall, the city must have fallen eleven years after the captivity. Eleven years after 597 is 586. Any attempt to date the fall of Jerusalem earlier than 586 would call for an earlier date than 597 for Jehoiachin’s captivity; but that is not possible, for that date has been fixed by contemporary Babylonian evidence." Ref-0839, p. 191. Ref-0839, pp. 119, 189.


chronology - B.C. 0586 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Wood-DAN :

Ref-0746, p. 13.


chronology - B.C. 0586 - fasts begin - Anstey : seventy years - fasts - Anstey
chronology - B.C. 0586 - fasts begins - Anstey : seventy years - servitude, indignation, fasts - Anstey
chronology - B.C. 0586 - Solomon's Temple destroyed : Jer. 52:12

✪ Built in B.C. 960, Ref-0144, p. 53. "Jerusalem was captured on the tenth day of the fifth month of the eleventh year of Jehoiachin's captivity in 586 B.C. (cf. Jer. 52:12)." Ref-0171, p. 147. "This then, is the highly probably date of the final fall of Jerusalem -- July 18, 586 B.C." Ref-0840, p. 259. "The date of the Fall of Jerusalem has been taken as 586 B.C. The years 588 and 587 also receive able support by careful men. Ussher and more recently E. W. Faulstich held to 588, whereas H. F. Clinton, Sir Robert Anderson, W. F. Albright, and D. J. Wiseman championed 587." Ref-0186, p. xiii.


chronology - B.C. 0586 - third deportation : 2K. 25:8-9

✪ 586 BC: "Zedekiah's revolt in the ninth year of his reign brought about the complete destruction of the city and the great Solomonic Temple. . .Zedekiah was blinded and taken to Babylon in chains. Nebuchadnezzar placed a governor named Gedaliah over the rest of the Jews who remained in the land." Ref-0045, p. 10. Ref-0186, p. 40. Ref-0844, p. 43. Ref-0846, p. 125.


chronology - B.C. 0586/587 Yamauchi-PERSIA :

"Solomon’s temple was destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar in 587 or 586 b.c. . . . Scholars such as Albright, Freedman, Tadmor, and Wiseman, who believe that the Jews used a calendar, beginning in Nisan (April), date the fall of Jerusalem to the summer of 587. Others such as Horn, Malamat, Redford, Saggs, and Thiele, who believe that the Jews used a calendar beginning in Tishri (September), date the fall of Jerusalem to the summer of 586. See H. Tadmor, “Chronology of the Last Kings of Judah,” JNES 15 (1956): 226-30; S. Horn, “The Babylonian Chronicle and the Ancient Calendar of the Kingdom of Judah,” AUSS 5 (1967): 12-27; K. Freedy and D. Redford, “The Dates in Ezekiel in Relation to Biblical, Babylonian and Egyptian Sources,” JAOS 90 (1970): 462-85." Ref-1521, p. 155.


chronology - B.C. 0587 (1 Nisan) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann : Eze. 30:20-26

Ref-1307, p. 167.


chronology - B.C. 0587 (1 Sivan) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann : Eze. 31

Ref-1307, p. 167.


chronology - B.C. 0587 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Albright[Jones-CHRONO :

"The date of the Fall of Jerusalem has been taken as 586 B.C. The years 588 and 587 also receive able support by careful men. Ussher and more recently E. W. Faulstich held to 588, whereas H.F. Clinton, Sir Robert Anderson, W. F. Albright, and D. J. Wiseman championed B.C. 587." Ref-1532, p. xiii.


chronology - B.C. 0587 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Anderson-PRINCE :

"Jeremiah prophesied from the thirteenth year of Josiah (B.C. 627) until the fall of Jerusalem in the eleventh year of Zedekiah (B.C. 587)" Ref-0043, p. 26. "The final destruction of the city was in Nebuchadnezzar’s nineteenth year, i.e., 587 . . ." Ref-0043, p. 237. Ref-0043, pp. 26‡, 237, 248.


chronology - B.C. 0587 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Clinton[Jones-CHRONO :

Ref-1532, p. xiii.


chronology - B.C. 0587 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Larkin-DAN :

Ref-1523, Dan. 1:2.


chronology - B.C. 0587 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Pierce-USSHER :

Ref-0222, p. 907.


chronology - B.C. 0587 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Steinmann-CHRONO :

"There are several sources of biblical data relating to the fall of Jerusalem: 2 Kgs 25:1-3; 2 Chr 36:17-20; Jer 1:3; 52:3-27 and Ezek 24:1; 40:1. While the analysis of these texts is complicated, it should be noted that the only way all of them can be brought into harmony with each other is if Jerusalem fell in 587 B.C. Most importantly, the information supplied in Ezek 26:1-2 undercuts the theory of those who hold that Jerusalem fell in 586 B.C. . . . [Ezekiel’s] oracle about Tyre’s gloating over Jerusalem’s fall came to Ezekiel in the eleventh year of his exile on the first day of an unspecified month. Since Tyre’s schadenfreude could only have been expressed after the fall of Jerusalem and it had been “laid waste,” Ezekiel’s oracle must have been delivered after 9 Tammuz 586 B.C. (July 18) according to the chronologies that hold that Jerusalem fell in 586 B.C. But the captivity of Ezekiel and Jehoiachin started in Adar of 597 B.C. according to Babylonian records (cf. 2 Kgs 24:10-12; 2 Chr 36:9, 10), so that the eleventh year of exile would be 588t (Tishri reckoning) or 588n (Nisan reckoning), and with either reckoning the year would have expired before Tammuz of 586 B.C." Ref-1307, pp. 50, 136-137.


chronology - B.C. 0587 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Wiseman-NEB :

"That a specific date for the capture of Jerusalem is given [by the Babylonian Chronicle] (15/16 March 597 B.C.) shows its importance in Babylonian eyes. . . . The date may have been given also to mark the accession of Mattaniah -- Zedekiah (2K. 24:17; Jer. 37:1) or to emphasise that the siege was of only a short duration. . . . [Nebuchadrezzar began] the attack on Jerusalem on the 10th of Tebet of Zedekiah's ninth year (15 Jan, 588 B.C., Jer. 39:1; 2K. 25:1). . . . The break through happened on the 9th of Tammuz of Zedekiah's eleventh year, the Temple being destroyed in the following week, that is 7th or 10th Ab (c. 5 August 587) according to the Nisan year reckoning and the city fell about a month later. The interval may well have been due to Babylonian attempts to parley for surrender (Jer. 39:3)." Ref-0837, pp. 32, 36-37.


chronology - B.C. 0587 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Young-EZEKIEL :

". . . there are no combinations of the twenty-fifth year of exile and a year fourteen years after the city fell that allow for a 586 date. Neither are there any combinations that indicate that Ezekiel was using Nisan years. It is therefore concluded that the city fell on the ninth of Tammuz (July 2B) of 587 B.C. (Jer 52:6-7), and that Ezekiel was consistent with the method of Judean court recorders throughout the history of the southern kingdom when he reckoned that the year began in Tishri." Ref-1556, pp. 269-270.


chronology - B.C. 0587 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Young-FALL :

"Jerusalem fell in the fourth month (Tammuz) of 587 BC. All sources which bear on the question--Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and 2 Kings--are consistent in dating the event in that year." Ref-1321, p. 38. "Jeremiah consistently used Tishri years for Judah, as did Ezekiel and the source for the last chapters of 2 Kings. This is in harmony with the usage of Judah throughout the monarchic period, in contrast to Thiele’s assumption that Jeremiah and Ezekiel used Nisan reckoning for Judah. Jeremiah used non-accession years for the kings of Judah and for Nebuchadnezzar. There is not enough information to determine if he started the years for Nebuchadnezzar in Tishri or Nisan; both assumptions fit the data." Ref-1321, p. 38.


chronology - B.C. 0587 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Young-INERRANCY :

"The establishing of Ezekiel’s vision [Eze. 40:1] as occurring at the beginning of a Jubilee year allows a complete calendar of Jubilee and Sabbatical years in B.C. terms to be constructed, once we determine the B.C. year of the vision. Ezekiel’s statement that the year was both the 25th year of the captivity he shared with Jehoiachin and also 14 years after Jerusalem fell cannot be reconciled with a 586 date for the fall of the city. It is, however, consistent with a date for the fall in the summer of 587 B.C. and a date on the tenth of Tishri, 574 B.C., for the vision. . . . placing the fall of Jerusalem in 586 B.C. contradicts the chronology of the book of Ezekiel as well as the dates of the beginning and ending of Jehoiachin’s captivity given in 2 Kings 24:12, 25:27 and Jeremiah 52:31." Ref-1554, p. 115.


chronology - B.C. 0587 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Young-TABLES :

Ref-1311, p. 228.


chronology - B.C. 0587 - Solomon's Temple destroyed : Eze. 29:1; Jer. 52:12

"Ezekiel 29:1 is dated (10m-12d-10y) by Thiele's system as January 7, 587. Jerusalem fell six months later (4m-9d-11y), and thus still in the year 587." C. Ermal Allen, "Jerusalem Fell in 587 Not 586 BC," Ref-0066, 18:1 (2005), p. 27. ". . . Jerusalem fell to Nebuchadnezzar on 9 Tammuz 587 B.C. . . ." Ref-1307, p. 50. "There are several sources of biblical data relating to the fall of Jerusalem: 2 Kgs 25:1-3; 2 Chr 36:17-20; Jer 1:3; 52:3-27 and Ezek 24:1; 40:1. While the analysis of these texts is complicated, it should be noted that the only way all of them can be brought into harmony with each other is if Jerusalem fell in 587 B.C. Most importantly, the information supplied in Ezek 26:1-2 undercuts the theory of those who hold that Jerusalem fell in 586 B.C. . . . [Ezekiel’s] oracle about Tyre’s gloating over Jerusalem’s fall came to Ezekiel in the eleventh year of his exile on the first day of an unspecified month. Since Tyre’s schadenfreude could only have been expressed after the fall of Jerusalem and it had been “laid waste,” Ezekiel’s oracle must have been delivered after 9 Tammuz 586 B.C. (July 18) according to the chronologies that hold that Jerusalem fell in 586 B.C. But the captivity of Ezekiel and Jehoiachin started in Adar of 597 B.C. according to Babylonian records (cf. 2 Kgs 24:10-12; 2 Chr 36:9,10), so that the eleventh year of exile would be 588t (Tishri reckoning) or 588n (Nisan reckoning), and with either reckoning the year would have expired before Tammuz of 586 B.C. " Ref-1307, pp. 136-137


chronology - B.C. 0588 (Nisan/Elul) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann : Jer. 32

Ref-1307, p. 167.


chronology - B.C. 0588 (Tishri/Nisan 587) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann : Jer. 33; Jer. 34

Ref-1307, p. 167.


chronology - B.C. 0588 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Baron-TEN :

Ref-1367, par. 304.


chronology - B.C. 0588 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Faulstich[Jones-CHRONO :

Ref-1532, p. xiii.


chronology - B.C. 0588 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Fausset-DAN :

Ref-1545, “Introduction.”


chronology - B.C. 0588 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Newton-CHRONO :

Ref-1507, pp. 21, 104.


chronology - B.C. 0588 - Destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon - Ussher[Jones-CHRONO :

Ref-1532, p. xiii.


chronology - B.C. 0588 - Jerusalem falls to Babylon - Baron : Jer. 52:12

"Jerusalem was finally taken in B.C. 588, by Nebuchadnezzar—just 133 years after the capture of Samaria by the Assyrians." Ref-1367, loc. 304.


chronology - B.C. 0588 - Temple - Solomon’s destroyed - Newton :

"588 B.C. The temple of Solomon was burned by Nebuchadnezzar." Ref-1507, p. 21.

"Jehoiakim succeeded his father Josiah in 610 B.C., which was his first regal year, and Jerusalem was taken and the temple burned in 588 B.C." Ref-1507, p. 103. "Hence, in the ninth year of Zedekiah in 590 B.C., Jerusalem and the cities of Judah were attacked. The eleventh year of Zedekiah, and the nineteenth of Nebuchadnezzar, in which the city was taken and the temple burned, commenced with the month of Nisan in 588 B.C." Ref-1507, p. 104.


chronology - B.C. 0589 (1 Elul) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann : Eze. 26; Eze. 27; Eze. 28

Ref-1307, p. 167.


chronology - B.C. 0589 (10 Tebeth) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann : Jer. 37; Jer. 38; Eze. 24; Eze. 25

Ref-1307, p. 167.


chronology - B.C. 0589 (12 Tebeth) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann : Eze. 29:1-16

Ref-1307, p. 167.


chronology - B.C. 0589 (after 10 Tebeth) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann : Jer. 21; Jer. 21; Jer. 23

Ref-1307, p. 167.


chronology - B.C. 0589 - desolations begins - Anderson : seventy years - servitude, captivity, desolations - Anderson
chronology - B.C. 0589 - indignation begins - Anstey : seventy years - indignation - Anstey ; seventy years - servitude, indignation, fasts - Anstey
chronology - B.C. 0591 (10 Av) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann : Eze. 20; Eze. 21; Eze. 22; Eze. 23

Ref-1307, p. 167.


chronology - B.C. 0592 (5 Elul) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann : Eze. 8; Eze. 9; Eze. 10; Eze. 11; Eze. 12; Eze. 13; Eze. 14; Eze. 15; Eze. 16; Eze. 17; Eze. 18; Eze. 19

Ref-1307, p. 167.


chronology - B.C. 0592 - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann : Eze. 6; Eze. 7

Ref-1307, p. 167.


chronology - B.C. 0592 - temple - glory departs - Jones : Eze. 10:4; Eze. 10:18-19; Eze. 11:22-23

Ref-0186, p. 133.


chronology - B.C. 0593 (5 Tammuz) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann : Eze. 1; Eze. 2; Eze. 3:1-14

Ref-1307, p. 167.


chronology - B.C. 0593 (11 Tammuz) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann : Eze. 3:5-27; Eze. 4; Eze. 5:1-12

Ref-1307, p. 167.


chronology - B.C. 0594 (Av) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann : Jer. 28

Ref-1307, p. 167.


chronology - B.C. 0595t - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann : Jer. 27

Ref-1307, p. 167.


chronology - B.C. 0597 (early) - Prophecies during reign of Zedekiah - Steinmann : Jer. 24; Jer. 29

Ref-1307, p. 167.


chronology - B.C. 0597 - Babylonian captivity - second deportation - Steinmann : 2K. 24:10-16 (; Eze. 1:1-2)

Ref-1307, p. 132.


chronology - B.C. 0597 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - Anstey-TABLES :

Ref-1303, p. 52.


chronology - B.C. 0597 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - Freeman-INTRO :

Ref-0955, p. 273.


chronology - B.C. 0597 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - JUDAICA :

Ref-1315


chronology - B.C. 0597 - second deportation : 2K. 24:10-17

✪ 597 BC: "In Nebuchadnezzar's return siege in 597 BC, king Jehoiachin surrendered and was carried away to Babylon." Ref-0045, p. 10. The year is given as B.C. 598 by Ref-0049, p. 18. ". . . the Babylon Chronicle for the years 605-595 BC, describes the fall of Jerusalem to Nebuchadnezzar in 597 BC, the so-called “second deportation,” the first being in 605 B.C. when Daniel and his companions where taken to Babylon (Dan. 1:1-5). The tablet was found in Babylon and purchased by the British Museum in the 19th century. The section pertaining to the fall of Jerusalem reads, ‘Year 7 [597 BC] in Kislev the king of Babylonia [Nebuchadnezzar] called out his army and marched to Hattu [the west]. He set his camp against the city of Judah and on the second Adar [March 16] he took the city and captured the king [Jehoiachin]. He appointed a king of his choosing there [Zedekiah], took heavy tribute and returned to Babylon’ (Millard 1997:468). The Bible describes the same events in some detail. When Nebuchadnezzar besieged and captured Jerusalem in 597 BC, Jehoiachin was on the throne. He took Jehoiachin, the royal family and important men in the kingdom to Babylon. He then placed Jehoiachin's uncle, Mattaniah, on Judah's throne and changed his name to Zedekiah (2K. 24:11-17). Jehoiachin was a young man of 18 when he became king of Judah. He reigned but three months before being carried off to Babylon, where he lived out the rest of his days (2K. 24:8, 12, 15; 25:27-30). Four tablets found in Nebuchadnezzar's palace name Jehoiachin and his family as among those who were receiving rations from the king (Weidner 1939; Wiseman 1985:81-82)." Bryant G. Wood, "Nebo-Sarsekim Found in Babylonian Tablet", Ref-0066, Volume 20 Number 3, Summer 2007, 66:69, p. 67. "Such a fixed date at the end of the century is provided by the Babylonian Chronicle, which gives the exact date when Nebuchadnezzar captured Jerusalem and took Jehoiachin prisoner to Babylonian. That was 2 Adar (15/17 March), 597 B.C." Ref-0839, p. 173. Ref-0186, p. 40. Ref-0846, p. 124.


chronology - B.C. 0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Boutflower-DAN :

Ref-1415, p. xv.


chronology - B.C. 0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Finegan-CHRONO :

"British Museum Tablet 21946 . . . provides this record for the seventh year of Nebuchadnezzar: In the seventh year, the month of Kislimu, the king of Akkad mustered his troops, marched to the Hatti-land, and encamped against the city of Judah and on the second day of the month of Addaru he seized the city and captured the king. He appointed there a king of his own choice, received its heavy tribute and sent them to Babylon. The “king of Akkad” is Nebuchadnezzar, the “city of Judah” must be Jerusalem, and the newly chosen king must be Zedekiah, so this is unmistakably the Babylonian record of the fall of Jerusalem to Nebuchadnezzar, corresponding on the whole to the account . . . summarized from 2K. 24. The seventh year of Nebuchadnezzar began on Nisanu 1 (Mar 27) 598 B.C. The month of Kislimu began on Dec 18, 598. The second day of the month of Addaru was Mar 16, 597 B.C. The last is the most exact information to come from cuneiform records for an event recorded in the Bible, and gives us a precise day for the fall of Jerusalem and the capture of Jehoiachin." Ref-0840, p. 256.


chronology - B.C. 0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Jones-CHRONO :

"The Babylonian Chronicles date the siege and the deportation of King Jehoiachin (Jeconiah) of Judah from the 7th year of Nebuchadnezzar. . . . However the Hebrew account seems to conflict with the Babylonian record as it declares that the second deportation which brought Jehoiachin to Babylon . . . occurred in the 8th year of Nebuchadnezzar (2K. 24:10-12). The “discrepancy” resolves itself when it is seen that the Hebrews count the accession year of foreign monarchs as their first year of reigning. Thus Nebuchadnezzar's 7th year by Babylonian dating becomes his 8th by Hebrew reckoning." Ref-1532, pp. 40, 132-133.


chronology - B.C. 0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - JUDAICA :

Ref-1315


chronology - B.C. 0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 124.


chronology - B.C. 0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Mitchell-MUSEUM :

Ref-0843, p. 82.


chronology - B.C. 0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Oswalt-CHRONO :

Ref-1550, p. 1:685.


chronology - B.C. 0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Steinmann-CHRONO :

Ref-1307, pp. 132, 169.


chronology - B.C. 0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Wood-DAN :

Ref-0746, p. 13.


chronology - B.C. 0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Young-EZEKIEL :

Ref-1556, pp. 267, 282.


chronology - B.C. 0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Young-TABLES :

Ref-1311, p. 246.


chronology - B.C. 0597→0586 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Anstey-CHRONO :

Ref-1299, p. 225.


chronology - B.C. 0597→0586 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Anstey-TABLES :

Ref-1303, p. 52.


chronology - B.C. 0597→0586 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Boutflower-DAN :

Ref-1415, pp. xv-xvi.


chronology - B.C. 0597→0586 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 192.


chronology - B.C. 0597→0586 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - JUDAICA :

Ref-1315


chronology - B.C. 0597→0586 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Oswalt-CHRONO :

Ref-1550, p. 1:685.


chronology - B.C. 0597→0586 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Thiele-KINGS :

Ref-0839, p. 191.


chronology - B.C. 0597→0587 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Steinmann-CHRONO :

Ref-1307, p. 141.


chronology - B.C. 0597→0587 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Young-TABLES :

Ref-1311, p. 246.


chronology - B.C. 0598 - captivity begins - Anderson : seventy years - servitude, captivity, desolations - Anderson
chronology - B.C. 0598 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - Anderson-PRINCE :

Ref-0043, p. 248.


chronology - B.C. 0598 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Anderson-CRITICS :

Ref-0745, p. 248.


chronology - B.C. 0598 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Fausset-DAN :

Ref-1545, “Introduction.”


chronology - B.C. 0598→0587 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Albright[Harrison-OT] :

Ref-0836, p. 192.


chronology - B.C. 0598→0587 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Anderson-PRINCE :

Ref-0043, p. 248.


chronology - B.C. 0598→0587 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Jones-BASICS :

Ref-0186, p. 331.


chronology - B.C. 0598→0596 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Finegan-CHRONO :

Ref-0840, p. 261.


chronology - B.C. 0598→0597 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - Finegan-CHRONO :

Ref-0840, p. 216.


chronology - B.C. 0598→0597 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 192.


chronology - B.C. 0598→0597 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - Steinmann-CHRONO :

Ref-1307, p. 141.


chronology - B.C. 0598→0597 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - Thiele-KINGS :

Ref-0839, p. 186.


chronology - B.C. 0598→0597 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - Young-TABLES :

Ref-1311, p. 246.


chronology - B.C. 0598→0597 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Harrison-OT :

"As Wiseman has shown, the Babylonian capture of Jerusalem can be dated with complete accuracy from cuneiform sources to March 15/16, the second day of the month Adar, in 597 B.C. [D. J. Wiseman, Chronicles of Chaldean Kings, pp. 32ff.]" Ref-0836, p. 192.


chronology - B.C. 0599 - 0560 - Cyaxeres - reign - Newton :

"Cyaxeres (599-560 B.C.) (40 years)" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0599 - Cyrus born - Newton :

✪ See chronology - 20190613161243.


chronology - B.C. 0599 - Darius the Mede born : chronology - 20190613161243
chronology - B.C. 0599 - Jeconiah - captured - Newton : 2K. 25:27

✪ See chronology - 20190613144512. ". . . at the end of Jehoiakim’s elventh year in the spring of 599 B.C., Nebuchadnezzar captured Jeconiah, the son and successor of Jehoiakim. . . . (2K. 24:12,14; 2Chr. 36:10)" Ref-1507, p. 105.


chronology - B.C. 0599 - Jeconiah captivity : chronology - 20190613144512
chronology - B.C. 0599 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - Jones-BASICS :

Ref-0186, p. 331.


chronology - B.C. 0599 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - Pierce-USSHER :

Ref-0222, p. 906.


chronology - B.C. 0599 - Second Deportation from Jerusalem to Babylon - Newton-CHRONO :

Ref-1507, p. 105.


chronology - B.C. 0599→0560 - Reign of Cyaxares II (Media) - Pierce-USSHER : Dan. 5:31; Dan. 6:1; Dan. 6:6; Dan. 6:9; Dan. 6:25; Dan. 6:28; Dan. 9:1; Dan. 11:1

Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0599→0587 - Reign of Zedekiah (Judah) - Pierce-USSHER :

Ref-0222, pp. 906, 907.


chronology - B.C. 0604 - 0562 - Nebuchadnezzar - reign - Newton :

"Nebuchadnezzar (604-562 B.C.)" Ref-1507, p. 104.


chronology - B.C. 0604 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Greene-DAN :

Ref-1360, p. 183.


chronology - B.C. 0604 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Mills-DAN :

✪ Ref_1533, Dan. 5:21.


chronology - B.C. 0604 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Newton-CHRONO :

"605 B.C. Nabopolassar died and was succeeded by his son Nebuchadnezzar, who had already reigned for two years with his father. Newton’s date was 604 B.C., ed.)" Ref-1507, 21. Ref-1507, pp. 21, 104, 138.


chronology - B.C. 0604 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS :

Ref-0839, p. 227.


chronology - B.C. 0604 - Daniel - 1st deportation to Babylon - Klassen : Dan. 1:1

Ref-0844, p. 43. But see possible error at Ref-0844.


chronology - B.C. 0604 - Daniel taken to Babylon - JUDAICA : Dan. 1:1

Ref-1315


chronology - B.C. 0604 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Klassen-CHRONO : Dan. 1:1

Ref-0844, p. 43.


chronology - B.C. 0604→0603 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Wiseman-NEB : Dan. 1:1

Ref-0837, p. 24.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - 0526 - Nebuchadnezzar - reign - Newton :

"605 B.C. Nabopolassar died and was succeeded by his son Nebuchadnezzar. . . . (Newton’s date was 604 B.C., ed.)" Ref-1507, p. 21. "Nebuchadnezzar (606-526 B.C.) (45 years) (viceroy for 20 months)" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Anderson-DARIUS :

Ref-1508, p. 191.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Anstey-CHRONO :

"The date of the captivity is the 3rd year of Jehoiakim, the year AN. HOM. 3520, B.C. 605, the 21st year of Nabopolassar, Nebuchadnezzar's father, as King of Babylon, in which year Nebuchadnezzar, being associated with his father on the throne, was also "King of Babylon," though the year he was Co-Rex with his father is not reckoned as his first year." Ref-1299, p. 222.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Anstey-TABLES :

Ref-1303, p. 52.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Freeman-INTRO :

Ref-0955, p. 273.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, pp. 191-192.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - How-DAN :

Ref-1308, p. 162.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Klassen-CHRONO :

Ref-0844, p. 43.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Schlegal-SBA :

Ref-1482, p. 100.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Thiele-KINGS :

Ref-0839, p. 180.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Babylonian captivity - first deportation - Steinmann : Jer. 25:1; Jer. 36:1; Jer. 46:2; Dan. 1:1-4

Ref-1307, p. 132.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Babylonian captivity - first deportation - Tyndale Seminary : Jer. 25:1; Jer. 36:1; Jer. 46:2; Dan. 1:1-4

"The seventy year captivity is figured from 605 B.C. - 536 BC." Ref-0045, tape 14:B.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Battle of Carchemish : Jer. 25:1; Jer. 36:1; Jer. 46:1-2

"Key to the chronology of events in this crucial period of Israel's history was the battle of Carchemish in May-June 605 B.C., a date well established by D.J. Wiseman. There Nebuchadnezzar met Pharaoh Necho and destroyed the Egyptian army; this occurred ‘in the fourth year of Johoiakim’ (Jer. 46:2)" Ref-0005, p. 31. "British Museum Tablet No. 22047 reports that in the twentieth year of Nabopolassar (606/605 B.C.) [the Egyptians] successfully attached a Babylonian garrison in the city of Kimuho on the Euphrates. British Museum Tablet No. 21946 tells how, in the twenty-first year of Nabopolassar (605/604), the Babylonian king sent his son Nebuchadnezzar against the Egyptians. Nebuchadnezzar met the Egyptian army in Carchemish on the bank of the Euphrates, accomplished their defeat, and conquered the whole area of “the Hatti-country.” In the record of Nebuchadnezzar's seventh year . . . “the Hatti-land” includes “the city of Judah,” therefore the term is a general designation for Syria-Palestine." Ref-0840, pp. 252-253. Ref-0186, p. 198.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Anstey-CHRONO : Dan. 1:1

Ref-1299, p. 222.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Boutflower-DAN : Dan. 1:1

Ref-1415, p. xv.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Hoehner-CHRONO : Dan. 1:1

Ref-0044, p. 115.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Martin-EZRA : Dan. 1:1

Ref-1548, p. 1:654.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Schlegal-SBA :

Ref-1482, p. 106.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Steinmann-CHRONO : Dan. 1:1

✪ 606t. Ref-1307, pp. 132, 169.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Wood-DAN : Dan. 1:1

"The main blow to Judah came in 586 B.C. when Jerusalem was destroyed and the country became a province of Babylonia (2K. 25:1-21). Eleven years before (597), however, a prior taking into captivity had occurred when Jehoiakim ruled, and some 10,000 leading people were carried to Babylon (2K. 24:11-16). Eight years before this still, Daniel, his three friends, and other young Judeans had been forced to go (605). . . . Thus, Daniel had been in Babylon for eight years when Judeans of the captivity of 597 arrived, and nineteen years when those of 586 came." Ref-0746, p. 13.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Daniel's service starts - Tyndale Seminary : Jer. 25:1; Jer. 36:1; Jer. 46:2; Dan. 1:1-4

✪ 606-534 B.C., Ref-0045, p. 21.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Nabopolassar (father of Nebuchadnezzar) dies - Tyndale Seminary :

Ref-0045, p. 22.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Nabopolassar - died - Newton :

✪ See chronology - 20190613144512.


chronology - B.C. 0605 - Nabopolassar died : chronology - 20190613144512
chronology - B.C. 0605 - servitude begins - Anstey : seventy years - servitude - Anstey ; seventy years - servitude, indignation, fasts - Anstey
chronology - B.C. 0605 to B.C. 0562 - Nebuchadnezzar's reign :

Ref-0045, p. 13.


chronology - B.C. 0605n - 0562n - Nebuchadnezzar - reign - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 172.


chronology - B.C. 0605n - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Steinmann-CHRONO :

Ref-1307, p. 172.


chronology - B.C. 0606 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Jones-BASICS :

Ref-0186, p. 331.


chronology - B.C. 0606 - Accession of Nebuchadnezzar II (Babylon) - Pierce-USSHER :

"Nebuchadnezzar’s first regal year was 606 B.C., that is, two years before the death of his father Nabopolassar who made him viceroy some time after the Babylonian New Year in 607 B.C. and before the nest Year Year in 606 B.C." Ref.1507, 103. Ref-1507, pp. 21, 103.


chronology - B.C. 0606 - Babylonian captivity - first deportation - Baron : Jer. 25:1; Jer. 36:1; Jer. 46:2; Dan. 1:1-4

"The exact location of the exiles of the southern kingdom we are not told, beyond the Scripture statements that all the three parties of captives carried off by Nebuchadnezzar (that in the first invasion in the reign of Jehoiakim, B.C. 606; and in the second, in the reign of Jehoiachin, B.C. 599; and in the final overthrow of Jerusalem, in the reign of Zedekiah, B.C. 588), were taken "to Babylon" (2 Kings 24 and 25; Daniel 1)." Ref-1367, loc. 308.


chronology - B.C. 0606 - Babylonian captivity - first deportation - Combs : Jer. 25:1; Jer. 36:1; Jer. 46:2; Dan. 1:1-4

Ref-0049, p. 18.


chronology - B.C. 0606 - Daniel - 1st deportation to Babylon - Jones : Jer. 25:1; Jer. 36:1; Jer. 46:2; Dan. 1:1-4; Dan. 2:1

". . . it is concluded that the data demands both an invasion and a deportation by Nebuchadnezzar in the year before that King began to reign, that is, the year prior to Carchemish. The fact is that Daniel Chapter two is contextually after the final testing of Daniel, and chapter one states that the examination took place during the third year of Daniel's deportation (Dan. 1:5,18). Furthermore, when this is compared to Jeremiah 25:1, which states that Nebuchadnezzar's first year of reign was Jehoiakim's fourth, it demands the conclusion that the third year of Daniel's deportation was the second year of Nebuchadnezzar's reign . . . It follows then that Daniel 1:1 does not conflict with Jeremiah 25:1 as is often claimed. Observe that Daniel 1:1 does not say that the third year of the reign of Jehoiakim is the first year of Nebuchadnezzar's reign. As illustrated, such would be impossible from the data in chapter one when compared to Dan. 2:1 which is said to occur in Nebuchadnezzar's second year of dominion. Moreover, Daniel 1:1 is merely a statement of identification, i.e., the Nebuchadnezzar who came and besieged Jerusalem in Jehoiakim's third year is the same man who became sole Rex the following year (Jer. 25:1)." Ref-0186, pp. 198-199. "The removal of Daniel . . . had to have occurred in 606 B.C., the year prior to Carchemish." Ref-0186, p. 200.


chronology - B.C. 0606 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Anderson-PRINCE : Dan. 1:1

Ref-0043, p. 247.


chronology - B.C. 0606 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Fausset-DAN : Dan. 1:1

Ref-1545, “Introduction.”


chronology - B.C. 0606 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Jones-CHRONO : Dan. 1:1

Ref-1532, pp. 199→200.


chronology - B.C. 0606 - Daniel taken to Babylon - Larkin-DAN : Dan. 1:1

Ref-1523, “Introduction.”


chronology - B.C. 0606 - Daniel taken to Babylon - West-THOUSAND : Dan. 1:1

Ref-0734, p. 122.


chronology - B.C. 0606 - Nebuchadnezzar - first regal year - Newton :

"Nebuchadnezzar’s first regal year was 606 B.C., that is, two years before the death of his father Nabopolassar who made him viceroy some time after the Babylonian New Year in 607 B.C. and before the next New Year in 606 B.C." Ref-1507, p. 103.


chronology - B.C. 0606 - Nineveh - destruction - Mack : Nah. 1:1; Nah. 2:6; Nah. 2:10; Nah. 3:7; Nah. 3:15; Nah. 3:18-19; Zep. 2:13; Zec. 10:10-11

✪ Mack, Chronology of the Old Testament, Ref-0039.


chronology - B.C. 0606 - servitude begins - Anderson : seventy years - servitude - Anderson ; seventy years - servitude, captivity, desolations - Anderson
chronology - B.C. 0608→0597 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Anstey-CHRONO :

Ref-1299, p. 223.


chronology - B.C. 0608→0597 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Anstey-TABLES :

Ref-1303, p. 52.


chronology - B.C. 0608→0597 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Oswalt-CHRONO :

Ref-1550, p. 1:685.


chronology - B.C. 0608→0598 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Anderson-PRINCE :

Ref-0043, pp. 247-248.


chronology - B.C. 0608→0598 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - JUDAICA :

Ref-1315


chronology - B.C. 0608→0598 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Thiele-KINGS :

Ref-0839, p. 182.


chronology - B.C. 0609 - Pharaoh Necho II opposes Babylonians : 2K. 23:29; 2Chr. 35:21

"British Museum Tablet No. 21901 records that in his sixteenth year (610/609 B.C.) Nabopolassar drove Ashur-uballit out of Haran; in the next year (609/608) . . . Ashur-uballit and “a large army of Egypt” tried to reconquer Haran. The “army of Egypt” is surely the expeditionary force of Pharaoh Necho II (609-595), mentioned also in 2K. 23:29 and 2Chr. 35:21, which King Josiah tried vainly to oppose at Megiddo." Ref-0840, p. 252. "the problem arises over the . . . word “against” as rendered by the king james translators. the new king james version gives . . . “went to the aid of” . . . however, the old 1560 a.d. geneva bible along with all the old english translations prior to a.d. 1611 such as wycliffe's, coverdale's, matthew's, the great bible, the bishop bible, etc., as well as the american standard, and amplified are among those whose reading is “against” in agreement with the authorized king james bible. the highly touted new american standard compromises stating simply “pharaoh neco king of egypt went up to the king of assyria to the river euphrates” and thus one way or the other perverts the scripture. . . . this alteration in wording is not at all the result of a different translation of the Hebrew word “‘al”. actually the Hebrew text has been rejected by most scholars as corrupt. the change . . . is based totally upon a conjectured restoration of a portion of the historical records of babylon. thus, an alteration has been made in the biblical text based upon the assumption that some other nation's historical writings are correct, true and have no “scribal blunders” or mis-stated facts rather than the god-inspired Hebrew scriptures. . . . the portion of the babylonian chronicles (chronicle 3:58-68) has been interpreted by albert kirk grayson such that 61f reads: ‘fear of the enemy overcame ashur-uballit (ii) and the army of eg[ypt which] had come up [to help him] and they aban[doned] the city . . .’ . . . indeed, does 3:66-67 really state that the egyptian army united with ashur-uballit's assyrian forces against the babylonian army? when taken alone, the truthful reply must be declared as “no, they do not so state”. wiseman underscores this fact in his work by adding a question mark with in the bracket, viz. “eg[ypt(?)]”. . . . thus, taking account josephus' statement along with the aforementioned babylonian chronicle record, the ii kings 23:29 passage is seen to refer to neco's going up to join the beleaguered remnant of the assyrian army which had been driven out to only a small corner of the kingdom and thereby engage nabopolassar, the new possessor of the title “king of assyria”, and his allies near carchemish on the euphrates and haran. keil and delitzsch acknowledge this as a viable solution . . . finally, it has been shown that there is no legitimate reason to reject either the Hebrew or the babylonian accounts of this incident. the alternation of the Hebrew text from “against” to “to the aid of” the king of assyria by the nkjv, niv, rsv, neb, etc. is totally unwarranted and unnecessary. the Hebrew record must not be altered; and even more especially, it must not be so capriciously changed over the latest often mutilated or misunderstood archaeological discoveries, etc." ref-0186, pp. 192-197. "As in most languages, Hebrew prepositions have a variety of possible meanings. At a time when the OT was the primary source for ancient Near Eastern history, the KJV of 2 Kings 23:29 translated the Hebrew preposition al as “against,” although it can also mean “alongside of” or “on behalf of.” Thus it appears that Pharaoh Neco went to fight “against” the king of Assyria but that Josiah interfered and was killed. The question arose, why would Josiah try to prevent someone from fighting his enemy, the king of Assyria? From the Babylonian Chronicles we learn that the Egyptian army had come to help the Assyrian king. Thus Neco had come not “against” him but alongside of or on behalf of him. Modern translations reflect this new understanding of Josiah’s interference." H. L. Willmington, The Babylonian Chronicles, Ref-0850, p. 893.


chronology - B.C. 0609→0598 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Albright[Harrison-OT] :

Ref-0836, p. 192.


chronology - B.C. 0609→0598 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Finegan-CHRONO :

Ref-0840, p. 216.


chronology - B.C. 0609→0598 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 192.


chronology - B.C. 0609→0598 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0609→0598 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Steinmann-CHRONO :

Ref-1307, p. 141.


chronology - B.C. 0609→0598 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Young-TABLES :

Ref-1311, p. 246.


chronology - B.C. 0610 - Josiah killed - Newton :

"610 B.C. Josiah was killed." Ref-1507, p. 21.


chronology - B.C. 0610→0599 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Jones-BASICS :

Ref-0186, p. 331.


chronology - B.C. 0610→0599 - Reign of Jehoiakim (Judah) - Pierce-USSHER :

Ref-0222, pp. 905, 906.


chronology - B.C. 0611 - Cyaxeres - over Medes - Newton :

"600 B.C. Cyaxeres reigned over the Medes. (Newton’s date was 611 B.C., ed.)" Ref-1507, p. 21.


chronology - B.C. 0611→???? - Reign of Cyaxares II (Media) - Newton-CHRONO : Dan. 5:31; Dan. 6:1; Dan. 6:6; Dan. 6:9; Dan. 6:25; Dan. 6:28; Dan. 9:1; Dan. 11:1

Ref-1507, p. 21.


chronology - B.C. 0612 - Nineveh defeated : Nah. 3:1-3; Zep. 2:13-15

". . .in 612 B.C. Nineveh fell after an attack by a coalition of Scythians, Medes and Babylonians. . ." Ref-0045, p. 10. "British Museum tablet No. 21901 records the destruction of Nineveh, the great Assyrian capital, by Nabopolassar and his allies (cf. Zep. 2:13-15; Nah. 3:1-3). This was in the fourteenth year of Nabopolassar, in the month Abu, but the day is missing in a gap in the text. The date was therefore sometime in July/Aug 612 B.C." Ref-0840, p. 252. Ref-0846, p. 124.


chronology - B.C. 0617 - Daniel born - Ignatius - Barnes : Dan. 1:1

"Ignatius (Ep. ad Magn.) says that Daniel was twelve years of age when he went into exile." Ref-0974, Dan. 1:1.


chronology - B.C. 0620 - Daniel born - (ca) Benware-DAN : Dan. 1:1

Ref-1530, p. 22.


chronology - B.C. 0623 - Daniel born - Chrysostom - Barnes : Dan. 1:1

"Chrysostom says that [Daniel] was eighteen [when he went into exile] (Opp, vi., p. 423)." Ref-0974, Dan. 1:1.


chronology - B.C. 0623 - Ezekiel born - Dyer-Eze : Eze. 1:1

"Ezekiel began his ministry on July 31, 593 B.C. (the “fifth day” is inclusive, counting both July 27 and 31). Ezekiel also said his ministry began “in the 30th year” (Ezek. 1:1). Scholars debate the exact meaning of this statement, but many feel it refers to Ezekiel’s age. If so, he was commissioned as a prophet at the age [of 30 when] he was qualified to enter the priesthood (cf. Num. 4:3)." Ref-1544, Eze. 1:1. Ref-1544, p. Eze. 1:1. "Since the time of Origen (ca. A.D. 185-254), this has been held to be a reference to the prophet’s age. According to Numbers 4:3-4, this is the age when priests began their ministry. There are many other proposed interpretations: (1) thirtieth year of Jehoiachin’s age, 585 B.C.; (2) thirtieth year after Josiah’s reform, 593-592 B.C.; (3) thirtieth year of the current jubilee period; (4) thirtieth year of the neo-Babylonian Empire, 606-605 B.C.; (5) thirtieth year of Manasseh, 667 B.C.; and (6) thirtieth year of Artaxerxes III, 328 B.C." Ref-0132, p. 1537.


chronology - B.C. 0623 - Ezekiel born - Steinmann : Eze. 1:1

Ref-1307, p. 163.


chronology - B.C. 0625 - 0605 - Nabopolassar - Newton :

"Nabopolassar (625-605 B.C.) (21 years)" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0625 - Chyniladon - died - Newton :

✪ See chronology - 20190613144512.


chronology - B.C. 0625 - Chyniladon died : chronology - 20190613144512
chronology - B.C. 0625 - Cyaxeres - reign ends :

"All scholars agree upon the dates of Cyaxares, the son of Phraortes, whose long forty-year reign (625-585 b.c.) saw the ascendancy of the Medes to their greatest heights (Herodotus 1.106)." Ref-1521, p. 53.


chronology - B.C. 0625 - Daniel born - Anderson-PRINCE : Dan. 1:1

Ref-0043, p. 21.


chronology - B.C. 0625 - Nabopolassar - reign over Babylon - Newton :

"625 B.C. Nabopolassar revolted from the Assyrian Empire and reigned over Babylon." Ref-1507, p. 21.


chronology - B.C. 0625 - Neo-Babylonian Dynasty Inaugurated by Nabopolassar (Babylon) - Anstey-TABLES :

Ref-1303, p. 52.


chronology - B.C. 0625 - Neo-Babylonian Dynasty Inaugurated by Nabopolassar (Babylon) - Greene-DAN :

Ref-1360, p. 183.


chronology - B.C. 0625 - Neo-Babylonian Dynasty Inaugurated by Nabopolassar (Babylon) - Jones-BASICS :

Ref-0186, p. 331.


chronology - B.C. 0625 - Neo-Babylonian Dynasty Inaugurated by Nabopolassar (Babylon) - Newton-CHRONO :

Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0625 - Neo-Babylonian Dynasty Inaugurated by Nabopolassar (Babylon) - Ptolemy[Thiele-KINGS :

Ref-0839, p. 227.


chronology - B.C. 0625 - Neo-Babylonian Dynasty Inaugurated by Nabopolassar (Babylon) - Schlegal-SBA :

Ref-1482, p. 100.


chronology - B.C. 0625→0585 - Reign of Cyaxares II (Media) - BRITANNICA : Dan. 5:31; Dan. 6:1; Dan. 6:6; Dan. 6:9; Dan. 6:25; Dan. 6:28; Dan. 9:1; Dan. 11:1

Ref-0825, art.


chronology - B.C. 0625→0585 - Reign of Cyaxares II (Media) - Yamauchi-PERSIA : Dan. 5:31; Dan. 6:1; Dan. 6:6; Dan. 6:9; Dan. 6:25; Dan. 6:28; Dan. 9:1; Dan. 11:1

Ref-1521, p. 53.


chronology - B.C. 0626 - 0539 - Neobabylonian Empire under Nabopolassar, Nebuchadnezzar, Belshazzar :
chronology - B.C. 0626 - Neo-Babylonian Dynasty Inaugurated by Nabopolassar (Babylon) - Anderson-DARIUS :

Ref-1508, p. 191.


chronology - B.C. 0626 - Neo-Babylonian Dynasty Inaugurated by Nabopolassar (Babylon) - How-DAN :

Ref-1308, p. 160.


chronology - B.C. 0626 - Neo-Babylonian Dynasty Inaugurated by Nabopolassar (Babylon) - Wiseman-NEB :

Ref-0837, p. 5.


chronology - B.C. 0627 - Neo-Babylonian Dynasty Inaugurated by Nabopolassar (Babylon) - Mills-DAN :

✪ Ref_1533, Dan. 5:21.


chronology - B.C. 0633 - Ashurbanipal dies :

"The Assyrian king Ashurbanipal died in 633 BC." Ref-0045, p. 10.


chronology - B.C. 0634 - 0600 - Astyages - reign - Newton :

"Astyages (634-600 B.C.) (35 years)" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0639→0609 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Anstey-TABLES :

Ref-1303, p. 52.


chronology - B.C. 0639→0609 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - JUDAICA :

Ref-1315


chronology - B.C. 0640 - Josiah - reigns in Judah - Newton :

"641 B.C. Josiah reigned in Judah. (Newton’s date 640 B.C., ed.)" Ref-1507, p. 21.


chronology - B.C. 0640→0609 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Albright[Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 192.


chronology - B.C. 0640→0609 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Anderson-PRINCE :

Ref-0043, p. 247.


chronology - B.C. 0640→0609 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology - B.C. 0640→0609 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Thiele-KINGS :

Ref-0839, p. 180.


chronology - B.C. 0641/0640→0609 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Finegan-CHRONO :

Ref-0840, p. 261.


chronology - B.C. 0641/0640→0609 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 192.


chronology - B.C. 0641→0609 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Young-TABLES :

Ref-1311, p. 246.


chronology - B.C. 0641→0610 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Newton-CHRONO :

Ref-1507, p. 21.,


chronology - B.C. 0641→0610 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Steinmann-CHRONO :

Ref-1307, p. 141.


chronology - B.C. 0642→0611 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Jones-BASICS :

Ref-0186, pp. 330-331.


chronology - B.C. 0642→0611 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Pierce-USSHER :

Ref-0222, p. 904.


chronology - B.C. 0648 - Saosduchinus - died - Newton :

✪ See chronology - 20190613144512.


chronology - B.C. 0648 - Saosduchinus died : chronology - 20190613144512
chronology - B.C. 0656 - 0635 - Phraortes - reign - Newton :

"Phraortes (656-635 B.C.) (22 years)" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0668 - Esarhaddon - died - Newton :

✪ See chronology - 20190613144512.


chronology - B.C. 0668 - Esarhaddon died : chronology - 20190613144512
chronology - B.C. 0677 - Esarhadden - conquers Jews - Newton :

"677 B.C. The Jews were conquered by Esarhaddon, and Manasseh was taken captive to Babylon. (Newton’s date was 763 B.C., ed.)" Ref-1507, p. 20. "Esarhaddon, the king of Assyria, after he had reigned about thirty-three years of Assyria, invaded the kingdom of Babylon in 677 B.C. He carried into captivity many people from Babylon, Cuthah, Ava, Hamath and Sepharvaim, placing them in the regions of Samaria and Damascus. From there they carried into Babylonia and Assyria the remainder of the people of Israel and Syria which had been left there by Tiglathpileser. This captivity was sixty-five years after the first year of Ahaz in 741 B.C. (Isa. 7:1,8; 2K. 15:37; 16:5) and by consequence in the twenty-second year of Manasseh in 677 B.C." Ref-1507, p. 89.


chronology - B.C. 0681 - 0669 - Esarhaddon - king of Assyria : 2K. 19:37; Ezra 4:2; Isa. 37:38

Ref-1482, p. 92.


chronology - B.C. 0688 - 0627 - Ashurbanipal - king of Assyria :

Ref-1482, p. 92.


chronology - B.C. 0698 - Manasseh - reigned in Judah - Newton :

"698 B.C. Manasseh reigned in Judah." Ref-1507, p. 20.


chronology - B.C. 0701 - siege by Sennacharib : 2K. 18:13; Isa. 36:1

"In the annals of Sennacharib (704-681 B.C.) the record of his “third campaign” (701 B.C.) describes a siege of Jerusalem, doubtless conducted during the summer of that year, which must be the same as the siege which 2K. 18:13 and Isa. 36:1 put in the fourteenth year of King Hezekiah . . . " Ref-0840, p. 251.


chronology - B.C. 0705 - 0681 - Sennacherib - king of Assyria : 2K. 18:13; 2K. 19:16; 2K. 19:20; 2K. 19:36; 2Chr. 32:1-2; 2Chr. 32:9-10; 2Chr. 32:22; Isa. 36:1; Isa. 37:17; Isa. 37:21; Isa. 37:37

Ref-1482, p. 92.


chronology - B.C. 0709 - 0657 - Dejoces - reign - Newton :

"Dejoces (709-657 B.C.) (53 years)" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0709 - 0668 - Esarhaddon - reign - Newton :

"Esarhaddon (709-668 B.C.)" Ref-1507, p. 98.


chronology - B.C. 0710 - Sennacherib - murdered by sons - Newton :

"710 B.C. Sennacherib was murdered by his tow sons and Esarhaddon succeeded him." Ref-1507, p. 20.


chronology - B.C. 0714 - Sennacherib - warred in Syria - Newton : 2K. 19:11-13

"About seven years after the captivity of the ten tribes, when Sennacherib warred in Syria in 714 B.C., he sent this message to the king of Judah . . . (2K. 19:11-13)." Ref-1507, p. 95.


chronology - B.C. 0719 - 0710 - Sennacherib - reign - Newton :

"Sennacherib (719-710 B.C.)" Ref-1507, p. 98.


chronology - B.C. 0719 - Sennacherib - reign begins - Newton :

"719 B.C. Sennacherib reigned over Assyria." Ref-1507, p. 20.


chronology - B.C. 0721 - northern kingdom falls - Jones : 2K. 18:10

Ref-0186, p. 133. "The Assyrian Academy follows Thiele in assigning B.C. 723 as the year of the fall of Samaria, however the data contained in the Hebrew Text more readily lends itself to the placing of this event in the year B.C. 721. Most of the past chronologists concluded the latter. This is not to say that the Biblical data “demands” the year 721, but it is the most natural resolution." Ref-0186, p. 189.


chronology - B.C. 0722 - 0705 - Sargon II - king of Assyria : Isa. 20:1

Ref-1482, p. 92.


chronology - B.C. 0722 - northern kingdom falls - Tyndale Seminary : 2K. 18:10

Ref-0045, p. 10.


chronology - B.C. 0723 - northern kingdom falls - Steinmann : 2K. 18:10

Ref-1307, p. 132.


chronology - B.C. 0723 - northern kingdom falls - Thiele : 2K. 18:10

Ref-0839, p. 103. "The almost universally accepted date was 722 as based on Sargon's claim. My chart called for 723 as the year when Samaria fell, but that was a year before Sargon had commenced his reign. That problem was easily and happily solved when I learned that the renowned Assyriologist Prof. A. T. Olmstead of the University of Chicago had, after a careful study of the evidence, shown that Samaria fell in 723, not 722, and that Sargon was not telling the truth when he claimed to have taken Samaria. Shortly thereafter Prof. Hayim Tadmor of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem presented additional evidence that Samaria fell in 723, not 722." Ref-0839, pp. 122-123. "The siege of Samaria was begun by Shalmaneser V in the seventh year of Hoshea and was continued for three years, to the ninth year of Hoshea, at which time the city fell and Israel was carried captive to Assyria (2 Kings 17:4-6; 18:9-11). Since Hoshea began his reign in 732/31, the seventh to the ninth years of his reign would be from 725/24 to 723/22, and this would mark the period of Samaria's final stage, with the city falling and the northern kingdom coming to its end in 723/22." Ref-0839, p. 163. Thiele holds to this date, see Ref-0066, 21:2 Spring 2008, p. 62.


chronology - B.C. 0727 - 0722 - Shalmaneser V - king of Assyria : 2K. 17:3; 2K. 18:9

Ref-1482, p. 92.


chronology - B.C. 0728 - Salmanasser - ten tribes transplanted - Newton :

"728 B.C. Salmanasser, the king of Assyria, transplanted the ten tribes of Israel into captivity." Ref-1507, p. 20.


chronology - B.C. 0728 - Salmanasser succeeds Tiglathpileser :

"728 B.C. Tiglathpileser, the king of Assyria, was succeeded by Salmanasser." Ref-1507, p. 20.


chronology - B.C. 0729 - 0720 - Shalmaneser - reign - Newton :

"Shalmaneser (729-720 B.C.)" Ref-1507, p. 98.


chronology - B.C. 0731 - Hoshea - tribute to Tiglath-Pileser III - Steinmann : 2K. 17:3

Ref-1307, p. 132.


chronology - B.C. 0732 - temple treasures to Assyria : 2K. 16:8; 2Chr. 28:21

"[Ahaz] was so desperate that he ‘took the silver and gold found in the Temple of the Lord an din the treasuries of the royal palace’ (2K. 16:8; 2Chr. 28:21) an dsent it to the Assyrian king. Tiglath-pileser responded by attacking both Aram and Israel. rezin was put to death and Peqah was replaced (2K. 16:9; 15:29-30). According to Assyrian records, this took place in 732 BC." Ref-0066, Vol. 14 No. 1, Winter 2001, p. 24.


chronology - B.C. 0740 - northern kingdom falls - Jones :

"Nearly all modern scholars date this event along with the fall of Damascus as having transpired in the year B.C. 732, but this date is based upon the Assyrian Eponym List rather than on the Hebrew history as recorded in the Old Testament." Ref-0186, p. 81n1.


chronology - B.C. 0743 - Azariah - tribute to Tiglath-Pileser III - Steinmann : 2K. 15:1

Ref-1307, p. 132.


chronology - B.C. 0745 - 0727 - Tiglath-pileser III - king of Assyria : 2K. 15:29; 2K. 16:7; 2K. 16:10; 1Chr. 5:6; 1Chr. 5:26; 2Chr. 28:20

Ref-1482, p. 92.


chronology - B.C. 0745 to 0727 - Tiglath-pileser rules Assyria :

Ref-0066, Vol. 14 No. 1, Winter 2001, p. 22.


chronology - B.C. 0747 - 0734 - Nabopolassar - reign - Newton :

"Nabonassar (747-734 B.C.) (14 years)" Ref-1507, p. 138.


chronology - B.C. 0747 - Pul - dies - Assyrian empire - Newton :

"747 B.C. Pul, the king of Assyria, died and was succeeded at Nineveh by Tiglathpileser and at Babylon by Nabonassar." Ref-1507, p. 20.


chronology - B.C. 0754 - 0745 - Assur-nirari V - king of Assyria :

Ref-1482, p. 92.


chronology - B.C. 0763 - Nineveh repents : Jonah 3:5-9

"Assuming that Jonah’s prophecy of restoration came early in the reign of Jeroboam, Jonah’s ministry would have been in the first half of the eighth century B.C., i.e. from about 793 to 750 B.C. During this time the Assyrian Eponym Canon records an eclipse of the sun that occurred in the eponym of Bur-Sagale, in the month of Simanu. Modern astronomical calculations date this eclipse to June 15, 763 B.C., and show it was a total eclipse as it passed near Nineveh. . . . Could the Bur-Sagale eclipse be part of the reason why Jonah, when he finally got to Nineveh, found a city that was serious about repentance? This has been suggested by various writers, and if true it would suggest that Jonah’s trip to Nineveh took place during the reign of Ashur-Dan III, who reigned from 773 to 755 B.C. . . . The plague of 765, followed by a revolt and eclipse in 763 and then revolts in the following four years would only confirm in the mind of the Assyrians that they were under divine displeasure. . . . If so, this would date Jonah’s appearance at Nineveh to 759 or 758 B.C." Rodger C. Young, How Lunar and Solar Eclipses Shed Light on Biblical Facts Ref-0066, Vol. 26 No. 2 Spring 2013, 37-44, pp. 37-38. See 20170909144421.pdf.


chronology - B.C. 0772 - 0755 - Assur-dan III - king of Assyria :

Ref-1482, p. 92.


chronology - B.C. 0782 - 0773 - Shalmaneser IV - king of Assyria :

Ref-1482, p. 92.


chronology - B.C. 0790 - Pul founds Assyrian empire - Newton :

"790 B.C. Pul founded the Assyrian Empire" Ref-1507, p. 20.


chronology - B.C. 0810 - 0783 - Adad-nirari III - king of Assyria :

Ref-1482, p. 92.


chronology - B.C. 0823 - 0811 - Shamshi-Adad - king of Assyria :

Ref-1482, p. 92.


chronology - B.C. 0853 - Qarqar - battle (Ahab king) - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 131.


chronology - B.C. 0858 - 0824 - Shalmaneser III - king of Assyria :

Ref-1482, p. 92.


chronology - B.C. 0931 - divided kingdom :

"In the interests of simplicity the date 930 is being used for the division of the kingdom instead of the dual symbol 931/30. It should be noted, however, that the year 931 might have been equally appropriate or even more accurate than 930, depending on the season of the year when Jeroboam's rebellion took place." Ref-0839, p. 79.


chronology - B.C. 0931 - start of divided monarchies :

"A further development, not considered by any of these writers, has provided an independent verification of Thiele's date of 931 B.C. for the start of the divided monarchies, thus authenticating the correctness of Thiele's basic approach and the reliability of the Scripture's chronological data. That development is the agreement of the years for Solomon and his Temple activities, based on his death before Tishri of 931, with Israel's calendar of Jubilee and Sabbatical cycles. See Rodger C. Young, “When Did Solomon Die?” JETS 46 (2003):599-603, or a more complete exposition in Young, “The Talmud's Two Jubilees and Their Relevance to the Date of the Exodus,” WTJ 68 (2006):71-83." Rodger C. Young, Inductive and Deductive Methods as Applies to OT Chronology, Ref-0164, Vol. 18 No. 1 Spring 2007, 99:116, p. 105n20.


chronology - B.C. 0932 - Solomon - death - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 125.


chronology - B.C. 0932 - Solomon's Reign Ends - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, pp. 37,113.


chronology - B.C. 0960 - Solomon's Temple built - Price : 1K. 5:18; 1K. 6:14

✪ Destroyed in B.C. 586, Ref-0144, p. 53.


chronology - B.C. 0967 (Bul) - Solomon’s temple - construction ends : 1K. 5:18; 1K. 6:14

Ref-1307, p. 125.


chronology - B.C. 0967 (Ziv) - Solomon’s temple - construction begins : 1K. 5:18; 1K. 6:14

Ref-1307, p. 125.


chronology - B.C. 0967 - Solomon’s Temple began - Smith : 1K. 5:18; 1K. 6:14

"The date which Solomon began building the Temple has been well established as 967 B.C. Simple addition places the Exodus at 1446 B.C. and the Conquest at 1406 B.C." Henry B. Smith Jr., Joshua’s Lost Conquest, Ref-0066, Vol. 27 No. 4 (Fall 2014), 99-103, p. 101.


chronology - B.C. 0969 - David - death - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 123.


chronology - B.C. 0969t - David - reign in Jerusalem ends - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 113.


chronology - B.C. 0969t - Solomon’s sole reign begins - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 113.


chronology - B.C. 0971 - Solomon's reign begins (coregent with David) - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, pp. 37,113.


chronology - B.C. 0971 - Solomon's reign begins - Finegan :

Ref-0840, p. 249.


chronology - B.C. 0975 - Ark to Jerusalem - Steinmann : 2S. 6; 1Chr. 13; 1Chr. 16

Ref-1307, p. 123.


chronology - B.C. 0975 - Davidic covenant - Steinmann : 2S. 7; 1Chr. 17

Ref-1307, p. 123.


chronology - B.C. 0975 - kingdom divided - Jones :

Ref-0186, p. 53.


chronology - B.C. 0975 - Rehoboam Reign begins - Newton :

"975 B.C. Rehoboam reigned." Ref-1507, p. 16.


chronology - B.C. 0983 - Absalom murders Amnon - Steinmann : 2S. 13:23-39

Ref-1307, p. 122.


chronology - B.C. 0985 - Amnon rapes Tamar - Steinmann : 2S. 13:1-22

Ref-1307, p. 122.


chronology - B.C. 0986 - Solomon born - Klassen : 2S. 12:24

Ref-0844, p. 36.


chronology - B.C. 0994 - Solomon born - Steinmann : 2S. 12:24-25

Ref-1307, p. 122.


chronology - B.C. 0997 - David’s adultery - Steinmann : 2S. 11:3-4

Ref-1307, p. 122.


chronology - B.C. 1000 - Hebrew - inscription :

"In 2008, Professor Yossi Garfinkel of the Hebrew University in Jerusalem excavated an ostracon (a piece of broken pottery with an inscription) at Khirbet Qeiyafa, southwest of Jerusalem, with the oldest Hebrew inscription ever discovered. The French epigrapher Emil Puech, of the Ecole Biblique et Archeologique Francaise in Jerusalem, has declared the written text on this ostracon to be Hebrew and dated it to ca. 1000 B.C.. Carbon-14 dating of burned olive pits from this same site by Oxfor University scientists has yielded dates between 1020-980 B.C." Clyde Billington and Bretta Grabau, David’s Fortress at Khirbet Qeiyafa and Shoshenq’s Invasion, Ref-0066, 28.3 (2015), 60-70, p. 60.


chronology - B.C. 1009 - Saul - reign ends - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 113.


chronology - B.C. 1009n - David - reign in Hebron begins - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 113.


chronology - B.C. 1009t - David - reign in Jerusalem begins - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 113.


chronology - B.C. 1012 - Solomon's Temple - foundation - Newton :

"1012 B.C. Solomon laid the foundation for the temple." Ref-1507, p. 15.


chronology - B.C. 1012 - Solomon's Temple dedicated - Jones :

Ref-0186, pp. xiii,52.


chronology - B.C. 1015 - David - reign - end - Jones :

Ref-0186, p. 204.


chronology - B.C. 1015 - Saul - reign - end - Newton :

"1015 B.C. Solomon reigned" Ref-1507, p. 15.


chronology - B.C. 1049 (circa) - Saul - reign begins - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 113.


chronology - B.C. 1055 - David - reign - start - Jones :

Ref-0186, p. 204.


chronology - B.C. 1055 - David born - Klassen : 1K. 2:10

Ref-0844, p. 28.


chronology - B.C. 1059 - David - reign - start - Newton :

"1055 B.C. David was appointed king. (Newton’s date was 1059 B.C., ed.)" Ref-1507, p. 13.


chronology - B.C. 1060 - Samuel - death :

"1060 B.C. Samuel died" Ref-1507, p. 13.


chronology - B.C. 1069 - Eli - death - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 109.


chronology - B.C. 1069 - Saul - reign begins - Newton :

Ref-0186, p. 53. "1095 B.C. Saul was appointed king of Israel. (Newton’s date was 1069 B.C., ed.)" Ref-1507, p. 13.


chronology - B.C. 1095 - Saul - reign begins - Jones :

Ref-0186, p. 53.


chronology - B.C. 1157 - Eli - birth - Steinmann :

Ref-1307, p. 109.


chronology - B.C. 1225 - Exodus - Rowley : 1K. 6:1

"Regarding the question as to whether the Exodus was a 15th (early date) or 13th century (late date) B.C. episode, the Biblical evidence unmistakably places the event in the 15th. Moreover, those who defend the late date such as Albright and Rowley placing the Exodus at B.C. 1290 and 1225 respectively, do so by rejecting the 480 years of 1K. 6:1, deeming it completely unreliable." Ref-0186, p. 49.


chronology - B.C. 1250 - Exodus - late :

"It terms of archaeological periods, if the exodus was in 1250 B.C. and Israel was in Canaan in 1210, this was at the very end of the Late Bronze Age (around 1200) and almost at the beginning of Iron Age 1 (1200-1000). According to a number of reports or archaeological exploration and excavation, the findings are in harmony with such a time. . . . In terms of historical relationships [but not biblical data!], the dates of 1250 B.C. for the exodus and 1210 B.C. for the entry of Israel into Canaan are therefore well supported." Ref-0840, pp. 244-245. "Advocates of a 1250 date for the exodus under Pharaoh Rameses II find themselves at great difficulty thanks to the Mernepthah Stele, a monument composed by the pharaoh of that name who immediately succeeded Rameses. In it he boasts of having launched a campaign against Canaan and having defeated its inhabitants including especially Israel. Indeed, this is the earliest time Israel is mentioned outside the Bible. The problem is that since Moses led Israel from Egypt following the death of the king from whom he fled (i.e. Rameses), the exodus would have had to occur under Mernepthah. However, Mernepthah claims to have attacked Israel in Canaan in his fifth year leaving only five years between the escape from Egypt until Israel was safely ensconced in Canaan. The forty years of wilderness wandering obviously have had to be concluded. The Mernepthah Stele thus appears to seal the fate of a late exodus." Eugene H. Merrill, Old Testament Archaeology: Its Promises and Pitfalls, Ref-0785 Volume 13 Number 39, August 2009, 5:20, pp. 14-15.


chronology - B.C. 1290 - Exodus - Albright : 1K. 6:1

"Regarding the question as to whether the Exodus was a 15th (early date) or 13th century (late date) B.C. episode, the Biblical evidence unmistakably places the event in the 15th. Moreover, those who defend the late date such as Albright and Rowley placing the Exodus at B.C. 1290 and 1225 respectively, do so by rejecting the 480 years of 1K. 6:1, deeming it completely unreliable." Ref-0186, p. 49.


chronology - B.C. 1406 (early) - Moses - death - Steinmann : Deu. 34

Ref-1307, p. 86.


chronology - B.C. 1406 - Conquest - Smith : Jos. 3:17

"The date which Solomon began building the Temple has been well established as 967 B.C. Simple addition places the Exodus at 1446 B.C. and the Conquest at 1406 B.C." Henry B. Smith Jr., Joshua’s Lost Conquest, Ref-0066, Vol. 27 No. 4 (Fall 2014), 99-103, p. 101. "Evangelical scholars are divided as to when the Exodus-Conquest events took place--some say the 15th century B.C. while others hold to the 13th century B.C.. The chronological data in the Bible, however, clearly indicates that these events transpired in the 15th century B.C., the Exodus occurring in 1446 B.C. and the Conquest 1406-1400 B.C. Now, for the first time, we have evidence from an Egyptian source which supports the earlier biblical dating." Bryant Wood, “Israel” Found in a 15th Century BC Egyptian Text, Ref-0066, 28.3 (2015), 71-73, p. 71.


chronology - B.C. 1406 - Jordan - crossed by Israel - Steinmann : Jos. 4:19

Ref-1307, p. 88.


chronology - B.C. 1406 - Jordan - crossed by Israel - Young : Jos. 3:17; Eze. 40:1; Nah. 1:4

✪ Rodger C. Young, Evidence for Inerrancy from a Second Unexpected Source: the Jubilee and Sabbatical Cycles, Ref-0066 21:4 (2008), 109:122, p. 118.


chronology - B.C. 1407 (1 Av) - Aaron - death - Steinmann : Num. 33:38

Ref-1307, p. 86.


chronology - B.C. 1407 - Kadesh - arrival - Steinmann : Num. 20:1

Ref-1307, p. 86.


chronology - B.C. 1422 - Jordan - crossed by Israel - Klassen : Jos. 3:17; Eze. 40:1; Nah. 1:4

Ref-0844, p. 28.


chronology - B.C. 1424 - Joshua - death - Jones : Jos. 24:29; Jdg. 2:8

Ref-0186, p. 94.


chronology - B.C. 1445 (1 Nisan) - Tabernacle - erected - Steinmann : Ex. 40:2; Ex. 40:17

Ref-1307, p. 85.


chronology - B.C. 1445 (14 Nisan) - passover - second - Steinmann : Num. 9:1

Ref-1307, p. 85.


chronology - B.C. 1445 - Exodus - early : Ex. 12:40; Jdg. 11:26; 1K. 6:1; Gal. 3:16-17

✪ See Exodus - date - late, Exodus - date - early modified. "The date of the exodus as calculated by conservatives is the reign of Amenhotep II, c. 1445-46 B.C." Ref-0105, p. 260. "The date of the Exodus can be accurately calculated since the Bible mentions in 1K. 6:1 that the fourth year of Solomon's reign was ‘the four hundred and eightieth year after the children of Israel had come out of the land of Egypt.’ Surprisingly, there is scholarly agreement about the dates of Solomon's reign, placing his fourth year in the 960s BC. Subtracting 480 years takes us back to a date for the Exodus in the 1440s BC. Another Biblical reference used to date the Exodus is found in Judges, where Jephthah tells the Ammonites that Israel had been in the land for 300 years (Jdg. 11:26). Again, there is acceptance among the experts that Jephthah's victory over the Ammonites took place around 1100 BC. This would place the arrival of the Israelites in Canaan near 1400 BC, precisely 40 years after the Exodus." Mario Seiglie, "The Exodus Controversy", Ref-0066, Vol. 16 No. 2 (2003), p. 38. "Still some may ask whether there is any extra-Biblical evidence of the Exodus and subsequent invasion of Canaan under the direction of Joshua at the time of the Entry? There is! The Amarna Tablets (c.1400 B.C.) discovered in A.D. 1886 refer to an incursion by the “Habiru” during this very period which J.W. Jack declares is entomologically equatable with the Hebrews [J.W. Jack. The Date of the Exodus, (Edinburgh: 1925), pp. 119-141.] . . . Although not as compelling as the preceding, there is also an illusion [sic] to Israel in the Egyptian Monuments which is deserving of consideration. The black granite Merneptah Stele (Israel Stele) located in the Cairo Museum relates a triumphal account of Pharaoh Merneptah, 13th son and successor of Rameses II, who reigned about 1224-1214 B.C. Speaking of his conquest of Canaan in the spring of his fifth year, Merneptah says: ‘Plundered is the Canaan with every evil. Carried off is Ascalon; Seized upon is Gezer; Yanoam is made as that which does not exist; Israel is laid waste, his seed is not; . . .’ The current author is persuaded that a proper understanding of this inscription substantiates a 15th century Exodus. The fact that Merneptah refers to Israel by name as a nation bears witness that they have been in the land for an extended period of time prior to this invasion, certainly longer than the days of Merneptah's father, Rameses II." Ref-0186, pp. 53-54. "The . . . Merneptah Stele . . . dates to ca. 1215 B.C. during the reign of the Egyptian pharaoh Merneptah. The Merneptah Stele is generally believed to contain the earliest reference to Israel found in any ancient text. It almost certainly is not the oldest reference to the Israelites in Egyptian texts, which is the subject of a future paper now being written by the Egyptologist Charles Aling." Clyde E. Billington, The Curious History of the “Editor” in Biblical Criticism, Ref-0060, 22.4 (2009), 109:120, p. 115. "[The Merneptah Stele] contains the oldest extra-biblical mention of Israel as a people (not a city-state) living in Palestine. It dates to 1211 or 1210 B.C. Thus, the Exodus and the forty-year wilderness wanderings had to take place before about 1210." Ref-1307, p. 55


chronology - B.C. 1446 (14 Nisan) - Exodus - Steinmann : 1K. 6:1; Eze. 40:1

Ref-1307, p. 51. See Ref-1307, p. 85 for additional dates related to the Exodus.


chronology - B.C. 1446 (14 Nisan) - Exodus - Young : Ex. 16:1; Ex. 19:1; Ex. 40:17; Num. 1:1; Num. 9:1; Num. 10:11; Num. 33:38; 1K. 6:1

"This is somewhat similar to another “era” in the Bible, the era of the Exodus. The Exodus began with the departure from Egypt on the night of Nisan 14/15, 1446 BC. This made the year that started on Nisan 1 to be “year one” of the Exodus-era, an era that is used as a long-term calendar in Exod 16:1, 19:1, 40:17, Num 1:1, 9:1, 10:11, 33:38, and finally in 1 Kings 6:1. Those who maintain that the 480 years of 1 Kgs 6:1 are not to be taken literally do not understand the technical meaning of this phrase: it was the measurement of an era, “the year of the going-out (Exodus),” similar to our use of “the year of our Lord (or AD).”" Rodger C. Young, private email correspondence on 20200504.


chronology - B.C. 1446 (Shebat - Nisan) - Egyptian plagues - Steinmann : Ex. 7:12; Ex. 12:32

Ref-1307, p. 85.


chronology - B.C. 1446 - Exodus - Smith :

"The date which Solomon began building the Temple has been well established as 967 B.C. Simple addition places the Exodus at 1446 B.C. and the Conquest at 1406 B.C." Henry B. Smith Jr., Joshua’s Lost Conquest, Ref-0066, Vol. 27 No. 4 (Fall 2014), 99-103, p. 101.


chronology - B.C. 1446 - Exodus - Young : 1K. 6:1; Eze. 40:1

✪ Rodger C. Young, Evidence for Inerrancy from a Second Unexpected Source: the Jubilee and Sabbatical Cycles, Ref-0066 21:4 (2008), 109:122, p. 119.


chronology - B.C. 1447 (late) - Moses at burning bush - Steinmann : Ex. 3; Acts 7:30

Ref-1307, p. 85.


chronology - B.C. 1450 - Exodus : Ex. 12:40; 1K. 6:1; Gal. 3:16-17

✪ See Exodus - date - early, Exodus - date - late. "The dating of the Exodus is very controversial. There are to main periods which have been suggested as fitting best the evidence for this event -- one at the end of the Late Bronze Age I, and the other at the end of the Late Bronze Age II. A 13th-century date has been favored by most of the scholarly world, with either a low date of ca. 1220 B.C. (cf. Petrie 1911:53) or a high date of 1280 BC. (cf. Albright 1957:256). However, a 15th-century-BC date is preferred by other scholars. These scholars, too, hold either to a high date of ca. 1470 B.C. (cf. Bimson 1981: 135) or a low date of ca. 1445 B.C. (cf. Jack 1925: 199). I have opted for the 15th-century “low date,” as modified to ca. 1450 B.C. by W. H. Shea (1982: 230-38). The dates found throughout my article are based on this date for the Exodus." Paul J. Ray, Jr. "The Duration of the Israel Sojourn in Egypt", Ref-0066, Vol. 17 No. 2 (2004):33-44, p. 34.


chronology - B.C. 1451 - Jordan - crossed by Israel - Jones : Jos. 3:17; Eze. 40:1; Nah. 1:4

Ref-0186, p. 174


chronology - B.C. 1451 - Moses - death - Jones : Deu. 34:7

Ref-0186, p. 174


chronology - B.C. 1462 - Exodus - Klassen : Ex. 12:40-41

Ref-0844, p. 19.


chronology - B.C. 1466 - Exodus : Ex. 12:40; 1K. 6:1; Gal. 3:16-17

✪ See Exodus - date - late. "From the information revealed in 1 Kings 6:1, the date of the Exodus can be calculated. . . Most historians agree that Solomon ascended the throne about 970 BC. His 4th year would be 966 BC, and 480 years before that would be about 1446 BC." Ref-0003, Vol. 15(1) 2001, p. 53. ". . . the unbiblical date of 1446 B.C. for the Exodus. . . . is the result of the work of Edwin Thiele who's revised chronology, which is based on his understanding of Assyrian chronology, does violence to the biblical data. His work The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings, is the basis for much misinformation about biblical chronology for the past 50 years. . . . In [Ref-0222], I go to great pains to show the folly of trusting the works of Thiele. See appendices C, D and E. Likewise, Dr Jones devotes almost a third of his book on chronology to showing the errors of Thiele. I challenge anyone to use the biblical data and arrive at a date of 1446 B.C. for the Exodus. It is impossible to do without seriously compromising the Scriptures as Thiele did. Even Dr Les McFall, who has taken over from Thiele, could not find an error in the appendix C charts in Ussher, which in themselves thoroughly refute Thiele's chronology." Larry Pierce, "Biblical chronology -- our times are in his hands", Ref-0784, 21(3) 2007, p. 61. ". . . the statement in 1Kg. 6:1 that Solomon built the temple in his fourth year and in the 480th year after the people of Israel came out of Egypt leads to the date of 1446 B.C. for the exodus. . . . the year 1446 B.C. falls in the Eighteenth Egyptian Dynasty and in the reign of Thutmose III (1479-1425)" Ref-0840, p. 225, however the author subsequently favors a later date in the thirteenth century B.C.


chronology - B.C. 1485 - Caleb born - Steinmann : Jos. 14:7

Ref-1307, p. 82.


chronology - B.C. 1486 - Moses flees to Midian - Steinmann : Acts 7:23

Ref-1307, p. 82.


chronology - B.C. 1491 - Exodus - Jones :

Ref-0186, p. xiii.


chronology - B.C. 1526 - Moses born - Steinmann : Ex. 7:7; Deu. 34:7

Ref-1307, p. 82.


chronology - B.C. 1529 - Aaron born - Steinmann : Ex. 7:7; Num. 33:39

Ref-1307, p. 82.


chronology - B.C. 1533 - Exodus - Austin :

Ref-0784, 22(3) 2008, p. 51.


chronology - B.C. 1534 - Joshua - born - Jones : Jos. 24:29; Jdg. 2:8

Ref-0186, p. 94.


chronology - B.C. 1542 - Moses - born - Klassen : Ex. 6:20; Ex. 7:7; Deu. 34:7

Ref-0844, p. 19.


chronology - B.C. 1545 - Aaron - born - Klassen : Ex. 6:20; Ex. 7:7; Num. 33:39

Ref-0844, p. 19.


chronology - B.C. 1571 - Moses - born - Jones : Ex. 6:20; Ex. 7:7; Deu. 34:7

Ref-0186, p. 56.


chronology - B.C. 1635 - Joseph - dies - Newton :

"After the descent of Jacob and his sons into Egypt, Joseph lived seventy years, dying in 1635 B.C. . . . " Ref-1507, p. 74.


chronology - B.C. 1635 - Joseph dies - Jones : Gen. 50:26

Ref-0186, p. 55.


chronology - B.C. 1635 - Joseph dies - Pierce : Gen. 50:26

". . . in 1571 B.C., Moses was born." Ref-1507, p. 74.


chronology - B.C. 1660 - Jacob - dies - Klassen : Gen. 47:28; Gen. 49:33

Ref-0844, p. 14.


chronology - B.C. 1677 - Jacob to Egypt - Klassen : Gen. 46:28-29; Gen. 49:33

Ref-0844, p. 14.


chronology - B.C. 1706 - Jacob to Egypt - Jones : Gen. 30:24

Ref-0186, p. 68.


chronology - B.C. 1716 - Joseph born - Klassen : Gen. 30:24

Ref-0844, p. 19.


chronology - B.C. 1745 - Joseph born - Jones : Gen. 30:24

Ref-0186, p. 55.


chronology - B.C. 1745 - Joseph born - Pierce : Gen. 30:24

". . . Joseph entertained his brothers in Egypt in 1706 B.C. . . ." Ref-1507, p. 74.


chronology - B.C. 1806 - Joseph dies - Steinmann : Gen. 50:22

Ref-1307, p. 76.


chronology - B.C. 1807 - Esau born - Klassen : Gen. 25:26

Ref-0844, p. 14.


chronology - B.C. 1807 - Jacob born - Klassen : Gen. 25:26

Ref-0844, p. 14.


chronology - B.C. 1836 - Esau born - Jones : Gen. 25:26

Ref-0186, p. 47.


chronology - B.C. 1836 - Jacob born - Jones : Gen. 25:26

Ref-0186, p. 47.


chronology - B.C. 1850 - Abrahamic Covenant : Ex. 12:40; 1K. 6:1; Gal. 3:16-17

"God's covenant with Abraham was 430 years earlier [than the Exodus, see chronology - B.C. 1466 - Exodus] (Exodus 12:40, Galatians 3:16,17) about 1850 BC." Ref-0003, Vol. 15(1) 2001, p. 56.


chronology - B.C. 1856 - Isaac married Rebekah - Jones : Gen. 24:67; Gen. 25:20

Ref-0186, p. 47.


chronology - B.C. 1859 - Jacob dies - Steinmann : Gen. 47:28

Ref-1307, p. 76.


chronology - B.C. 1867 - Isaac born - Klassen : Gen. 21:5

Ref-0844, p. 13.


chronology - B.C. 1867 - Jacob enters Egypt - Steinmann : Ex. 12:40-41

Ref-1307, p. 67.


chronology - B.C. 1876 - Jacob’s family enters Egypt - Steinmann : Ex. 12:40-41

Ref-1307, p. 76.


chronology - B.C. 1878 (circa) - Judah’s wife dies - Steinmann : Gen. 38:27-30

Ref-1307, p. 79.


chronology - B.C. 1878 - Egypt years of famine begin - Steinmann : Gen. 45:11

Ref-1307, p. 76.


chronology - B.C. 1885 - Egypt years of plenty begin - Steinmann : Gen. 41:47

Ref-1307, p. 76.


chronology - B.C. 1886 - Isaac dies - Steinmann : Gen. 35:28

Ref-1307, p. 73.


chronology - B.C. 1886 - Joseph freed from prison - Steinmann : Gen. 41:46

Ref-1307, p. 80.


chronology - B.C. 1889 (circa) - Joseph into prison - Steinmann : Gen. 39:20

Ref-1307, p. 80.


chronology - B.C. 1891 - Isaac weaned - Jones : Gen. 21:8; Lev. 27:5-6

"5 Yrs = Isaac's age when he became established as the Seed lineage and heir at the weaning. Ishmael, who is 14 years older than Isaac is now 19. He mocked and persecuted Isaac and is cast out (Gen. 21:8-10; Gal. 4:29; Gen. 17:24-25; 21:5). . . . It is at the weaning that Isaac became the sole heir with which the term “Seed” may be connected,. On that day Abraham made him a great feast to celebrate the event. Ishmael was Abraham's heir no longer; he had been officially replaced by little Isaac. It is well known that weaning in the middle east takes place much later than in the western world. There it normally transpires between one and three years of age (e.g., II Maccabees 7:27). Weaning refers to more than just withdrawal from breast feeding in the Bible. It marks the end of infancy and the onset of childhood. . . . (see Lev. 27:5-6 where 5 years of age may be conjectured as pertaining to weaning)." Ref-0186, p. 59. "[A Jewish wife] nursed the children (for as long as eighteen months to three years)." Ref-1200, pp. 248-249.


chronology - B.C. 1892 - Abraham enters Canaan - Klassen : Gen. 12:14; Ex. 12:40-41

Ref-0844, pp. 12,19.


chronology - B.C. 1896 - Isaac born - Jones : Gen. 21:5

Ref-0186, p. 47.


chronology - B.C. 1896 - Isaac born - Ussher : Gen. 21:5

Ref-0186, p. 78. See 2014040201.htm.


chronology - B.C. 1899 - Joseph sold into slavery - Steinmann : Gen. 37:2

Ref-1307, p. 76.


chronology - B.C. 1900 (circa) - Judah marries - Steinmann : Gen. 38:1-2

Ref-1307, p. 79.


chronology - B.C. 1901 (circa) - Rachel dies - Benjamin born - Steinmann : Gen. 35:16-20

Ref-1307, p. 76.


chronology - B.C. 1910 - Ishmael born - Jones : Gen. 16:16

Ref-0186, p. 47.


chronology - B.C. 1910 - Jacob returns to Canaan - Steinmann : Gen. 31:38; Gen. 31:41

Ref-1307, p. 76.


chronology - B.C. 1915 (circa) - Dinah born - Steinmann : Gen. 30:21; Gen. 34:3

Ref-1307, p. 76. "Little is recorded about Jacob’s time in Shechem. The one event that is extensively recorded is the rape of Dinah and subsequent murder of the men of Shechem by Simeon and Levi (Gen 34:1-31). At this time Dinah must have reached puberty, but may have been only about 13 years old." Ref-1307, p. 75.


chronology - B.C. 1916 - Joseph born - Steinmann : Gen. 41:46

Ref-1307, p. 76.


chronology - B.C. 1921 - Abraham enters Canaan - Jones : Gen. 12:14

Ref-0186, pp. xiii, 54.


chronology - B.C. 1923 - Jacob marries Leah and Rachel - Steinmann : Gen. 29:15-30

Ref-1307, p. 76. "This would have been in 1930 B.C. when [Jacob] was already 76 years old. Seven years later in 1923 B.C. he married Leah and one week later, Rachel (Gen. 29:27-28)." Ref-1307, p. 74.


chronology - B.C. 1930 - Jacob flees to Padan Aram - Steinmann : Gen. 29:15-30

Ref-1307, p. 73.


chronology - B.C. 1943 - Ishmael dies - Steinmann : Gen. 25:17

Ref-1307, p. 73.


chronology - B.C. 1966 - Esau marries - Steinmann : Gen. 26:34

Ref-1307, p. 73.


chronology - B.C. 1967 - Abraham born - Klassen : Gen. 11:26

Ref-0844, p. 11.


chronology - B.C. 2006 - Esau born - Steinmann : Gen. 25:26

Ref-1307, p. 73.


chronology - B.C. 2006 - Jacob born - Steinmann : Gen. 25:26

Ref-1307, pp. 67,73.


chronology - B.C. 2026 - Isaac marries Rebekah - Steinmann : Gen. 25:20

Ref-1307, p. 73.


chronology - B.C. 2029 - Sarah dies - Steinmann : Gen. 23:1

Ref-1307, p. 72.


chronology - B.C. 2055 - Abraham - covenant - Anderson :

Ref-0043, p. 246.


chronology - B.C. 2066 - Isaac born - Steinmann : Gen. 25:26

Ref-1307, p. 67.


chronology - B.C. 2068 - Abram renamed Abraham - Steinmann : Gen. 17:1; Gen. 17:21; Gen. 17:24

Ref-1307, p. 72.


chronology - B.C. 2080 - Ishmael born - Steinmann : Gen. 16:16

Ref-1307, p. 72.


chronology - B.C. 2081 - Abraham marries Hagar - Steinmann : Gen. 16:3

Ref-1307, p. 72.


chronology - B.C. 2091 - Abraham leaves Haran - Steinmann : Gen. 12:4

Ref-1307, p. 72.


chronology - B.C. 2156 - Sarah born - Steinmann : Gen. 17:1; Gen. 17:17

Ref-1307, p. 72.


chronology - B.C. 2166 - Abraham born - Steinmann : Gen. 47:9

Ref-1307, p. 67.


chronology - B.C. 2302 - Noah's flood : Gen. 6:7

"From the ages of his predecessors [Abraham's predecessors, see chronology - B.C. 1850 - Abrahamic Covenant] back to Noah, given in Genesis 12 and 13, it can be calculated that the great universal flood occurred 427 years earlier, about 2302 BC." Ref-0003, Vol. 15(1) 2001, p. 56.


chronology - B.C. 2348 - Noah's flood - Ussher : Gen. 6:7

✪ Oswalt is skeptical of Ussher's date for the flood: "Though it is perhaps not impossible that the high cultures of Mesopotamia and Egypt could have appeared within 1000 years of Creation (ca 3500 and 3200 b.c., respectively), it is well-nigh impossible for the Flood to have occurred in 2348, as Ussher claimed. This would have been during the Akkadian empire in Mesopotamia and the Old Kingdom in Egypt. No such cataclysm as the Flood is even mentioned. This suggests that however the genealogies and their accompanying numbers are to be handled, they are not to be taken as a literal, lineal chain without breaks." J. N. Oswalt, Chronology of the Old Testament, Ref-0008, 1:673-685 See 2014040201.htm.


chronology - B.C. 2485 - Noah’s flood - Anderson :

Ref-0043, p. 246.


chronology - B.C. 2518 - Noah’s flood - Thomas :

". . . two BC date estimates for the Flood, include a Masoretic placement between 2518 and 2532 BC, and a Septuagint placement circa 3168 BC." Brian Thomas, Two date range options for Noah's Flood, Ref-0784, 31(1) 2017, 120-127, p. 127.


chronology - B.C. 2532 - Noah’s flood - Thomas :

". . . two BC date estimates for the Flood, include a Masoretic placement between 2518 and 2532 BC, and a Septuagint placement circa 3168 BC." Brian Thomas, Two date range options for Noah's Flood, Ref-0784, 31(1) 2017, 120-127, p. 127.


chronology - B.C. 3168 - Noah’s flood - Thomas :

". . . two BC date estimates for the Flood, include a Masoretic placement between 2518 and 2532 BC, and a Septuagint placement circa 3168 BC." Brian Thomas, Two date range options for Noah's Flood, Ref-0784, 31(1) 2017, 120-127, p. 127.


chronology - B.C. 3761 - creation - Jewish :

"Tradition also teaches that God finished creating the world on Rosh Hashanah, 5,762 years ago. Hence Tishri 1 (Sept. 18, 2001) initiates the Jewish year 5762." Ref-0057, September/October 2001, p. 24. "The year A.D. 2003 is, in Orthodox Jewish reckoning, the year A.M. 5764. The “A.M.” stands for anno mundi and means “year of the world.” Jews count the years since creation. According to their calendar, creation took place in year 3761 B.C." Ref-0814, p. 28.


chronology - B.C. 3822 - creation - latest date textually possible :

✪ See age - earth - range.


chronology - B.C. 3836 - creation - A. Helwigius :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 3927 - creation - M. Beroaldus :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 3943 - creation - Geneva :

"Luther dated creation to 3960 BC, Melanchthon to 3963 BC, and “Geneva” to 3943 BC. During the interval between the Reformation and the publication of Green's essay, Ussher dated creation to 4004 BC, Vossius to 5590 BC, Playfair to 4007 BC, Jackson to 5426 BC, Hales to 5411 BC, and Russell to 5441 BC." -- Jeremy Sexton, Who was Born When Enosh was 90? : A Semantic Reevaluation of William Henry Green’s Chronological Gaps, WTJ 77 (2015), 193-218, pp. 194-195. See 20160516140551.pdf


chronology - B.C. 3949 - creation - J. Scaliger :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 3958 - creation - A. Salmeron :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 3963 - creation - J. Haynlinus :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 3963 - creation - Luther :

"Luther dated creation to 3960 BC, Melanchthon to 3963 BC, and “Geneva” to 3943 BC. During the interval between the Reformation and the publication of Green's essay, Ussher dated creation to 4004 BC, Vossius to 5590 BC, Playfair to 4007 BC, Jackson to 5426 BC, Hales to 5411 BC, and Russell to 5441 BC." -- Jeremy Sexton, Who was Born When Enosh was 90? : A Semantic Reevaluation of William Henry Green’s Chronological Gaps, WTJ 77 (2015), 193-218, pp. 194-195. See 20160516140551.pdf


chronology - B.C. 3964 - creation - P. Melanchthon :

Ref-0186, p. 26. "Luther dated creation to 3960 BC, Melanchthon to 3963 BC, and “Geneva” to 3943 BC. During the interval between the Reformation and the publication of Green's essay, Ussher dated creation to 4004 BC, Vossius to 5590 BC, Playfair to 4007 BC, Jackson to 5426 BC, Hales to 5411 BC, and Russell to 5441 BC." -- Jeremy Sexton, Who was Born When Enosh was 90? : A Semantic Reevaluation of William Henry Green’s Chronological Gaps, WTJ 77 (2015), 193-218, pp. 194-195. See 20160516140551.pdf


chronology - B.C. 3966 - creation - C. Logomontanus :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 3968 - creation - J. Claverius :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 3970 - creation - E. Reusnerus :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 3971 - creation - Krentzeim :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 3971 - creation - W. Dolen :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 3974 - creation - Becke :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 3975 - creation - F. Klassen :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 3983 - creation - D. Petavius :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 4001 - creation - E. Faulstich :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 4004 - creation - F. Jones :

Ref-0186, pp. xiii,26.


chronology - B.C. 4004 - creation - J. Ussher :

Ref-0186, p. 26. See 2014040201.htm. "Luther dated creation to 3960 BC, Melanchthon to 3963 BC, and “Geneva” to 3943 BC. During the interval between the Reformation and the publication of Green's essay, Ussher dated creation to 4004 BC, Vossius to 5590 BC, Playfair to 4007 BC, Jackson to 5426 BC, Hales to 5411 BC, and Russell to 5441 BC." -- Jeremy Sexton, Who was Born When Enosh was 90? : A Semantic Reevaluation of William Henry Green’s Chronological Gaps, WTJ 77 (2015), 193-218, pp. 194-195. See 20160516140551.pdf


chronology - B.C. 4005 - creation - J. Cappellus :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 4007 - creation - Playfair :

"Luther dated creation to 3960 BC, Melanchthon to 3963 BC, and “Geneva” to 3943 BC. During the interval between the Reformation and the publication of Green's essay, Ussher dated creation to 4004 BC, Vossius to 5590 BC, Playfair to 4007 BC, Jackson to 5426 BC, Hales to 5411 BC, and Russell to 5441 BC." -- Jeremy Sexton, Who was Born When Enosh was 90? : A Semantic Reevaluation of William Henry Green’s Chronological Gaps, WTJ 77 (2015), 193-218, pp. 194-195. See 20160516140551.pdf


chronology - B.C. 4021 - creation - E. Reinholt :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 4041 - creation - W. Lange :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 4042 - creation - Anstey :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 4051 - creation - H. Spondanus :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 4053 - creation - J. Salianus :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 4062 - creation - J. Ricciolus :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 4079 - creation - M. Maestlinus :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 4103 - creation - T. Lydiat :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 4141 - creation - Anderson :

Ref-0043, p. 246.


chronology - B.C. 4141 - creation - L. Condomanus :

Ref-0186, p. 26.


chronology - B.C. 5411 - creation - Hales :

"Luther dated creation to 3960 BC, Melanchthon to 3963 BC, and “Geneva” to 3943 BC. During the interval between the Reformation and the publication of Green's essay, Ussher dated creation to 4004 BC, Vossius to 5590 BC, Playfair to 4007 BC, Jackson to 5426 BC, Hales to 5411 BC, and Russell to 5441 BC." -- Jeremy Sexton, Who was Born When Enosh was 90? : A Semantic Reevaluation of William Henry Green’s Chronological Gaps, WTJ 77 (2015), 193-218, pp. 194-195. See 20160516140551.pdf


chronology - B.C. 5426 - creation - J. Jackson :

"Luther dated creation to 3960 BC, Melanchthon to 3963 BC, and “Geneva” to 3943 BC. During the interval between the Reformation and the publication of Green's essay, Ussher dated creation to 4004 BC, Vossius to 5590 BC, Playfair to 4007 BC, Jackson to 5426 BC, Hales to 5411 BC, and Russell to 5441 BC." -- Jeremy Sexton, Who was Born When Enosh was 90? : A Semantic Reevaluation of William Henry Green’s Chronological Gaps, WTJ 77 (2015), 193-218, pp. 194-195. See 20160516140551.pdf


chronology - B.C. 5441 - creation - Russell :

"Luther dated creation to 3960 BC, Melanchthon to 3963 BC, and “Geneva” to 3943 BC. During the interval between the Reformation and the publication of Green's essay, Ussher dated creation to 4004 BC, Vossius to 5590 BC, Playfair to 4007 BC, Jackson to 5426 BC, Hales to 5411 BC, and Russell to 5441 BC." -- Jeremy Sexton, Who was Born When Enosh was 90? : A Semantic Reevaluation of William Henry Green’s Chronological Gaps, WTJ 77 (2015), 193-218, pp. 194-195. See 20160516140551.pdf


chronology - B.C. 5590 - creation - Vossius :

Ref-0186, p. 26. "Luther dated creation to 3960 BC, Melanchthon to 3963 BC, and “Geneva” to 3943 BC. During the interval between the Reformation and the publication of Green's essay, Ussher dated creation to 4004 BC, Vossius to 5590 BC, Playfair to 4007 BC, Jackson to 5426 BC, Hales to 5411 BC, and Russell to 5441 BC." -- Jeremy Sexton, Who was Born When Enosh was 90? : A Semantic Reevaluation of William Henry Green’s Chronological Gaps, WTJ 77 (2015), 193-218, pp. 194-195. See 20160516140551.pdf


chronology - B.C. 5665 - creation - earliest date textually possible :

✪ See age - earth - range.


chronology - B.C. ????→0040 - Hyrcanus II (Hasmonean) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 198.


chronology - B.C. ????→0204 - Reign of Ptolemy IV Philopator (Egypt) - Ironside-SILENT :

Ref-1126, p. 28.


chronology - B.C. ????→0515 - Zerubbabel's Temple Built - Martin-EZRA : Ezra 3:10; Hag. 2:18; Zec. 4:8; Zec. 8:9

Ref-1548, p. 1:654.


chronology - B.C. ????→0529 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Bissell-APOCRYPHA :

Ref-1542, p. 4.


chronology - B.C. ????→0529 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - BRITANNICA :

Ref-0825, art.


chronology - B.C. ????→0530 - Cambyses II Viceroy with Cyrus (Persia) - Newton-CHRONO :

Ref-1507, p. 22


chronology - B.C. ????→0530 - Reign of Cyrus (Cyrus II, Cyrus the Great) over Medo-Persia - Wiseman-BABYLONIA :

Ref-1553, p. 1:396.


chronology - B.C. ????→0537 - Reign of Darius the Mede over Babylon -Pierce-USSHER :

Ref-1507, pp. 21, 138.


chronology - B.C. ????→0556 - Reign of Neriglissar (Neglissar, Nergal-shar-uṣur, Neriglissaros, Babylon) - Larkin-DAN :

Ref-1523, Dan. 5:4.


chronology - B.C. ????→0558 - Reign of Amēl-Marduk (Evil-Merodach, Iluarodamus, Babylon) - Wilson-DAN : 2K. 25:27; Jer. 52:31

Ref-1537, p. 123.


chronology - B.C. ????→0609 - Reign of Josiah (Judah) - Oswalt-CHRONO :

Ref-1550, p. 1:685.


chronology - bible - factors : 1K. 1:34; 1K. 16:21-22; 2K. 15:5; 1Chr. 23:1

"1. There is evidence from Jewish writings that the New Year might be reckoned from the spring month of Nisan, and other evidence that it might be measured from the fall month of Tishri. An unbiased approach would consider both these options. 2. The field of Egyptology yields evidence that sovereigns, during their lifetime, occasionally invested their son with the royal office, thus forming a coregency. The years of the son's reign might be counted from the year he became coregent instead of from the first year of his sole reign. There is some prima facie evidence in the Scriptures for coregenecies (1K. 1:34; 2K. 15:5; 1Chr. 23:1). An inductive approach should consider the possibility of coregencies, and the possibility that the years of a king could be measured either from the beginning of a coregency or from the beginning of a sole reign. 3. The filed of Egyptology demonstrates the existence of rival reigns -- reigns from which the years of the pharaohs cannot be added together because two pharaohs were ruling simultaneously from different capitals. Such a phenomenon is reported in the Bible for the reigns of Tibni and Omri (1K. 16:21-22). 4. Two ways existed for reckoning the first year of a king's reign -- whether that year was reckoned as year one of his reign, or whether it was reckoned as his “accession” or “zero” year. The two possibilities are called the non-accession and accession methods, respectively. Since there is evidence for both usages in the ancient Near East, a proper methodology that starts from observations should not rule out either possibility for the kings of Judah and Israel. 5. The final source of evidence for the inductive method would be the texts of Kings, Chronicles, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel that give chronological data for the kingdom period. These texts (in the MT) should be accepted as raw data (observations) unless they can be shown to be self-contradictory or contradictory to established external dates." Rodger C. Young, Inductive and Deductive Methods as Applies to OT Chronology, Ref-0164, Vol. 18 No. 1 Spring 2007, 99:116, pp. 102-103.


chronology - bible - unique : Gen. 1:1

"The Chronology of the Old Testament is in strongest contrast with that of all other nations. From the Creation of Adam to the death of Joseph the Chronology is defined with the utmost possible precision, and only toward the end of the narrative of the Old Testament do doubts and difficulties and uncertainties arise. With all other Chronologies the case is exactly the reverse. They have no beginning. They emerge from the unknown, and their earliest dates are the haziest and the most uncertain, instead of being the clearest and the most sure. If the trustworthiness of testimony and the canons of credibility are accepted, the early chapters of Genesis will answer every legitimate test that can be applied to the determination of their genuine historical character." Ref-1299, p. 107. "The Hebrew Records of the Old Testament possess, from the very earliest times, a definite historical character, in marked contrast with those of other nations. The antiquities of the Greeks are full of poetic fictions. . . . The antiquities of all other nations are likewise lost in the mists of early legend, myth and fable. The religious systems of Greece and Rome, Egypt and India, Persia and other nations of the East, did not even postulate a historical basis. The farther back we trace their past history, the more obscure and uncertain it becomes. With the Hebrew Records the case is quite different. The history of the race begins with an epoch which is quite definite, and the record of the first 2369 years, the period covered by the Book of Genesis, is stated with such minute accuracy and precision, that for those who accept the Hebrew Text there is no possible alternative to that of Ussher, as shown in the margin of the Authorised Version of our English Bibles. The chronological record is accurately continued, and may be definitely traced through the succeeding Centuries. It is only when we reach the latest records of Ezra and Nehemiah that chronological difficulties become acute, and only after the close of the Canon that the count of the years is altogether lost." Ref-1299, p. 58. "It is found that the bible contains within itself, not merely a vast amount of chronological material, but also a complete chronological scheme, insomuch that it is not necessary to seek from other sources information concerning Bible events. And not only so, but just where the (always imperfect and uncertain) secular chronologies lose themselves in the impenetrable mists of the past, the chronology of Scripture is most definite, complete, and perfect in its details. In this, as in other respects, the Bible presents a marked contrast to human histories and chronicles of the past." Ref-1298, p. 1. "If, therefore, we assume the history of the human race to have lasted about six thousand years it will be seen that for more than half (nearly two-thirds in fact) of that history there are no records whatever,, from which a chronology could be constructed apart from the Old Testament Scriptures." Ref-1298, p. 2. "Here then is proof of the most convincing sort that he Who alone sees the end from the beginning is the Author of the Books of Moses, and of all the later Books of the Old Testament, through which runs this marvellous chronological line. For the Old Testament concerns itself, from beginning to end, with but one subject, namely, the ordering of the historical and other events which were to lead to the coming of the Redeemer." Ref-1298, p. 9. "Thus we arrive at the remarkable fact that, for the first two thousand years of the history of the human race, that is to say, from Adam to Abraham, there exists a record of an unbroken line of descent, and of one only, in which line the chronology is accurately preserved and safeguarded from error, by the simple expedient of giving the father’s age in each generation, when that particular son was born, through whom the line was to be continued, the father’s age at the birth of others of his sons never being given. This striking peculiarity is the more remarkable when it is further noted that, so far as appears, it was not the oldest son that was chosen in any instance." Ref-1298, p. 10.


chronology - bible - variation :

"Experts in this field have included James Ussher, Martin Anstey, Sir Robert Anderson, Clarence Larkin, Henry Halley, Charles Fred Lincoln, Merrill Unger, Edwin Thiele, John Whitcomb, Donald A. Waite, and others. No two men have agreed on every date. For example, consider the date of the birth of Abraham: Whitcomb, 2165 B.C.; Unger, 2161 B.C.; Lincoln, 2128 B.C.; Larkin, 2111 B.C.; Ussher, 1996 B.C.; Klassen, 1967 B.C. However even with the variance of a few years in different dating patterns, basic chronological order of scripture is generally accepted." Ref-0135, introduction. "Edwin R. Thiele's system was considered to be too elaborate, by W. F. Albright. Nevertheless, Thiele's system has since been increasingly accepted as the basic work on the subject, his vindication of the Masoretic text (MT) has been widely influential, and his tabulation of dates is often set forth as it is, or with minor adjustments." Ref-0840, p. 246.


chronology - coregencies - dual dating :

"Concerning the regnal data for coregencies and rival reigns, it is vital to know that in five of the nine such reigns the datum for the length of reign is the number of years from the beginning of the period of overlap to the end of the sole reign, but the synchronism of accession marks the end of the overlap and the commencement of the sole reign. This I term dual dating. Failure to understand this practice more than anything else has been responsible for the confusion and bewilderment that has arisen concerning the data in Kings." Ref-0839, p. 55.


chronology - Daniel : Dan. 1:1; Dan. 1:21; Dan. 2:1; Dan. 5:31; Dan. 7:1; Dan. 8:1; Dan. 9:1; Dan. 10:1
chronology - David's life - chart : David - chronology chart of his life
chronology - decision tables :

"The techniques of Decision Tables can be learned from several books that are commercially available. As of the present writing, there is a web site, https://www.cems.uwe.ac.uk/~jharney/table.html, that offers a good introduction." Ref-1311, p. 239.


chronology - divided kingdom - yardsticks :

"Let me say without hesitation that the areas of greatest strength and certainty are precisely those areas where in the past the greatest difficulties and uncertainties were found. These are in the period of the divided monarchy for which there are four separate chronological yardsticks, all seemingly at constant odds with each other and with the years of contemporary history. It was long felt that these seemingly contradictory lines of measurement must be in error -- one giving the years of the kings of Judah, another the years of the rulers of Israel, a third the synchronistic years of Israel with Judah, and the fourth the synchronisms of Judah with Israel. . . . When the nature of biblical chronological yardsticks is once understood, the four instruments of measurement for the period of the divided monarchy are of the highest value in providing a sound chronology for the rulers involved. Like a jigsaw puzzle, these numbers fit together only at certain precise points and only in line with certain basic principles of chronological procedure." Ref-0839, pp. 20-21 "This problem is made readily apparent when we sum the length of the reigns of the Kings of Israel beginning at the reign of Jeroboam (the son of Nebat), through its collapse in the ninth year of Hoshea . . . These reigns total 241 years, 7 months and 7 days. If we then total the length of the reigns of the Kings of Judah for the same period of reign, that is from Solomon's son Rehoboam through the 6th year of Hezekiah (which was the 9th year of Hoshea, 2K. 18:10), we obtain 261 years as the length of the span -- a difference of nearly 20 years. . . . From the earliest works, there have been offered two, and only two, possible solutions to the paradox. Either: 1. The chronologist accepts Israel's 241 plus years as the correct length of the period and adjusts off the nearly 20 years of Judah by assuming periods of co-regencies, whether the Scriptures actually say this to be the case or not. . . . 2. Or the chronologist accepts the 261 years as the length of this span of time by using Judah as the standard. He then “hangs” Israel from this standard, the 241 years being “stretched” by the insertion or addition of a period of years for one or more interregna. . . . As is true in the instances concerning the six to eight co-regencies proposed by various proponents who have accepted Israel as the criterion from which to work, no actual mention of the term “interregnum” appears in the Holy Writ." Ref-0186, p. 115.


chronology - eclipse - errors :

"As to eclipse calculations, we mention that though eclipses occur at very precise, predictable intervals -- the famous eclipse of Thales recorded by Herodotus has been awarded five different dates ranging from B.C. 607 to 585 by different astronomers. The reader should thereby [be] warned of the danger and mistake of regarding such astronomically determined dates with the infallibility of a mathematical calculation. These differences may be due to errors of observation by the historian, calculation error by the astronomer, and errors of identification on the part of the chronologist who may wrongly conclude that the dated eclipse calculated by the astronomer is the same one described by the historian. For example, it could have been cloudy, etc., so that the phenomenon which was calculated to be seen, was not seen." Ref-0186, p. 118.


chronology - Egypt :

"Under these circumstances the proper course is to admit that we are not in possession of the materials necessary to enable us to arrive at a scientific conclusion on the matter, and every date ascribed to an Egyptian Monument in the British Museum, on grounds similar to those explained above, ought to be marked with a query." Ref-1299, p. 193.


chronology - errors : 2K. 8:16; 2K. 14:21; 2K. 15:23-38; 2K. 17:1; 2K. 18:1; 2K. 18:9-10; 2Chr. 15:19; 2Chr. 16:1

"And what are we to say if, here and there, an indication of some misunderstanding may come to light? This work was done by people, not God. These people spoke for God, but they were no divine. God alone is infallible. Has any person ever lived who could make no mistake. That the original records were exact in detail we have no reason to doubt. And that they were copied again and again with an almost uncanny degree of accuracy is altogether clear. But it is likewise clear that in connection with later editorial work on the involved chronological data, misunderstandings could and did take place. Such we have noted in 2 Chronicles 15:19 and 16:1; in 2 Kings 8:16 and 14:21; in the order of sequence in which the reigns were placed in 2 Kings 15:23-38; and in the synchronisms of 2 Kings 17:1 and 18:1, 9-10. In view of the problems that the complexities of Hebrew chronological data have raised for scholars of our modern age, it is a matter of amazement that the misunderstandings found in the Masoretic Text are so very few." Ref-0839, pp. 208-209.


chronology - exclusive dating :

✪ 2S. 5:4-5

; 1K. 2:10; 1K. 17:1; 1K. 18:1; 2K. 24:8; 2Chr. 36:9-10; Ne. 5:14; Luke 4:25; Jas. 5:17

✪ See chronology - inclusive dating. ". . . the undeniable fact [is] that Scripture does not always number inclusively as the following examples depict . . . 2S. 5:4-5, cp. 1K. 2:10 . . . 1K. 17:1; 18:1, cp. Luke 4:25; Jam. 5:17 . . . 2K. 24:8; 2Chr. 36:9-10, cp. Eze 40:1 . . . Neh. 5:14" Ref-0186, p. 125.


chronology - Ezekiel : Eze. 1:1; Eze. 1:2; Eze. 8:1; Eze. 20:1; Eze. 24:1; Eze. 26:1; Eze. 29:1; Eze. 32:17; Eze. 40:1

"Chronology of Ezekiel's Life and Times: Eze. 1:1 in the 30th year, Eze. 1:2 in the 5th year (592 BC), Eze. 8:1 in the 6th year (591), Eze. 20:1 in the 7th year (590 BC), Eze. 24:1 in the 9th year (588 BC), Eze. 29:1 in the 10th year (587 BC), Eze. 26:1 in the 11th year (586 BC), Eze. 32:17 in the 12th year (585 BC), Eze. 40:1 in the 25th year (572 BC)." Carl T. Martin, "The Unfolding Accuracy of the Bible Demonstrated in Two Prophecies About the Nations in the Book of Ezekiel", Ref-0785, Volume 11 Number 34 December 2007, 55:64, pp. 56-57.


chronology - Ezekiel - dates from captivity : Eze. 1:1-2; Eze. 8:1; Eze. 20:1; Eze. 24:1; Eze. 26:1; Eze. 29:1; Eze. 29:17; Eze. 30:20; Eze. 31:1; Eze. 32:1; Eze. 32:17; Eze. 33:21; Eze. 40:1

"Like Josephus, Ezekiel also has a singular method of dating which, at first glance, seems enigmatical and contradictory to other Scripture; however it also is uncomplicated, clear and consistent once the confusion is resolved. All of Ezekiel's dates are referenced to the year of Jehoiachin's deportation (the second, the first having been in 606 when Daniel etc. were carried away, Dan. 1:1-6) which took place in B.C. 597. This historical happening is designated Scripturally as “the captivity” (Eze. 1:2; cp. 33:21). That is, Ezekiel's date are all referenced from the year of “the captivity” (Zedekiah's accession year), not from Zedekiah's official regnal years. (Cp. Eze. 1:1-2; 40:1 and 33:21 with 32:1 and note the “12th” year which cannot be Zedekiah's as, according to 2K. 24:18, he reigned only 11 years.). The year labeled “the captivity” is one year preceding Zedekiah's regnal years. Consequently all of Ezekiel's dates are one year less, hence numerically larger, than one would normally anticipate from reading the passage." Ref-0186, p. 133. "Ezekiel 1 opens with Ezekiel’s vision from YHWH. This vision came in the thirtieth year which was also the fifth year of Jehoiachin’s captivity. Scholars have often wondered what this thirtieth year was in reference to. Some speculate this thirtieth year was Ezekiel’s age, others the thirtieth year of Nabopolassar or some other period of time. In my opinion none of these options really seem to justify such a prominent place in the opening pages, especially when this thirtieth year can be used as the synchronizing date for the entire book. But there is another possibility which is worth considering. If you take the Old Testament chronology, (from Adam to the 2nd temple era based upon the MT text), a reasonable (and defensible) case can be made that this thirtieth year of Ezekiel was the thirtieth year of a series of Jubilee cycles from Adam. What makes this so interesting, from a chronological standpoint, is that this would mean that each of the three 70 year periods mentioned above would have had their origins in the 70th Jubilee cycle from Adam." -- William Struse, Comment on the Forgotten Covenant, [https://drreluctant.wordpress.com/2014/05/20/the-forgotten-covenant-pt-2], accessed 20160314.


chronology - factors :

"In working out the chronology of a nation, a primary requisite is that the chronological procedure of that nation be understood. The following items must be definitely established: (1) the year from which a king began to count the years of his reign -- whether from the time of his actual accession, from the following year, or from some other time; (2) the time of the calendar year when a king began to count his reign; (3) the method according to which a scribe of one nation reckoned the years of a king of a neighboring state, whether according to the system used in his nation or according to that of the neighbor; (4) whether or not the nation made use of coregencies, whether or not several rival rulers might have been reigning at the same time, and whether interregna occurred; (5) whether during the period under review a uniform system was followed, or whether variations took place; and, finally, (6) some absolute date during the period in question from which the years can be figured backward and forward so that the full chronological pattern might be secured." Ref-0839, p. 43. "The vital question concerning the chronological scheme set forth in these pages is whether or not it is the true arrangement of reigns of the Hebrew kings. . . . At the least this research shows that such a restoration is possible. However, we must accept the premise of an original reckoning of reigns in Israel according to the nonaccession-year system with a later shift to the accession-year method; of the early use in Judah of accession-year reckoning, a shift to the nonaccession-year system, and then a return to the original accession-year method; of the need to begin the regnal year in Israel with Nisan and with Tishri in Judah; of the existence of a number of coregencies, and of the fact that at some late date -- long after the original records of the kings had been set in order and when the true arrangement of the reigns had been forgotten -- certain synchronisms in 2 Kings 17 and 18 were introduced by some late hand twelve years out of harmony with the original pattern of reigns. When all this is understood, we see that it is possible to set forth an arrangement of reigns for the Hebrew kings in which there are both internal harmony and agreement with contemporary history." Ref-0839, p. 205.


chronology - inclusive dating : Gen. 17:12; Gen. 42:17-18; Lev. 12:3; Lev. 23:15-16; 2K. 18:9-10; Mat. 12:40; Mark 8:31; Acts 10:3-30

✪ See chronology - exclusive dating. "See 2K. 18:9-10 where the period from the seventh to the ninth years of Hoshea is given as three years; Lev. 12:3 and Gen. 17:12, where a child was eight days old on its eighth day; Gen. 42:17-18 where Joseph's brothers were placed in ward for three days that terminated on the third day; and Lev. 23:15-16, where the fifty days of Pentecost began to be counted with the day after a certain Sabbath and terminated with the day after a Sabbath seven weeks later. Cf. also Mat. 12:40 and Mark 8:31, where the period from Christ's crucifixion on Friday afternoon to His resurrection on Sunday morning is counted as three days; and Acts 10:3-30, where the period from a certain day on which Cornelius had a vision, the next day when he sent messengers to Peter at Joppa, the following day when they arrived at the home of Peter, and the day after that, when Peter arrived at the home of Cornelius, is reckoned as four days." Ref-0839, p. 52n12. "First we should note that when counting periods of time, the usual method in Israel was to count inclusively, that is, the first period and the last period and all periods in between were counted. This can be seen by comparing Lev 12:3 with Gen 17:12. Both concern the day in which a newborn boy is to be circumcised. Lev 12:3 specifies this as “on the eighth day” . . . from his birth. Thus, if he was born on a Monday, the eighth day from his birth would be the following Monday. However, Gen 17:12 says a boy is to be circumcised when he is “eight days old” . . . While we would call the boy seven day sold, by counting the day of birth and the day of circumcision and every day between them the Israelites called him eight days old. In reality the child may have been alive a little over six days if he was born just before sundown at the end of a day and circumcised on the eighth day just after sundown. This inclusive reckoning was used at 1 Kgs 6:38 to arrive at the total of seven years for Solomon’s building of the temple from the second month of his fourth year (1 Kgs 6:37) to the eighth month of his eleventh year (1 Kgs 6:38). . . . Therefore there was no “rounding up” or “rounding down” around some break point, such as half of a day as is commonly done in contemporary reckoning. Other clear examples of inclusive counting in the Bible include counting fifty days to Pentecost from the day after a Sabbath to the day after seven Sabbaths later (Lev 23:15-16); Jesus’ resurrection taking place on the third day, the Sunday after a Friday crucifixion (Matt 12:40; Mark 8:31); . . . and the span of Hoshea’s seventh to ninth years (= Hezekiah’s forth to sixth years) counted as three years (2 Kgs 17:5; 18:10)." Ref-1307, pp. 18-19


chronology - Josephus :

"In Josephus' Antiquities a number of variations also are found from the data of the kings in the Hebrew text. These are as follows . . . It will be noticed that none of Josephus' variations is the same as any in the Septuagint. . . . None of the variations of Josephus is an improvement over any datum in the Masoretic Text. The inaccuracy of his pattern is proved by its divergence from the years of contemporary chronology all the way along the line." Ref-0839, pp. 210-211.


chronology - kings - accession year :

"Customarily, the kings of Judah used accession dating while those of Israel most often chose the non-accession method. Judah adopted the non-accession method when Jehoshaphat's son, Jehoram, married Athaliah, whose parents were Ahab, the wicked King of Israel, and Jezebel, the depraved Sidonian princess. When Athaliah's influence was broken, Judah returned to the accession method." Ref-0186, p. 135. "However, there are a number of factors that make determining the chronology of these kingdoms very complex: The official start of the new year was different in Judah (Tishri) than in Israel (Nisan). Judah initially used accession year reckoning whereas Israel used non-accession year reckoning . . . For a while Judah switched to non-accession year reckoning before switching back to accession year reckoning. Israel eventually changed to accession year reckoning. For Judah, there is the matter of coregencies. . . . Thus, the years of their reigns may have overlapped." Ref-1307, p. 128 "Theile used an objective ‘decision table’ technique that answered three questions about each king’s reign: 1) did his reign begin in the month of Tishri (September/October) or the start of the ancient new year in Nisan (March/April)? 2) did his reign overlap another’s (a coregency). 3) did the king’s scribe use accession reckoning or non-accession reckoning?" Brian Thomas, Two date range options for Noah's Flood, Ref-0784, 31(1) 2017, 120-127, p. 122.


chronology - kings - interregnum : 2K. 8:16; 2Chr. 36:21-23; 2Chr. 36:36

"The apparent discordances can be reconciled by the careful application of the two basic principles described heretofore along with the Talmud's assertion that even a single day before or after 1 Nisan is reckoned as one year. This latter statement becomes most important in fixing regnal years. If these three be prudently heeded it will be found that there was not a single interregnum during the entire span of the Kingdom of Judah's existence, only one co-regency -- that being Jehoram with his father Jehoshaphat as the Text clearly relates (2K. 8:16) -- and three short pro-rex periods (Jehoram before becoming co-rex, Ahaziah, and Jotham)." Ref-0186, p. 137. ". . . it must be acknowledged that some would also claim a co-regency (hence an overlap) for Uzziah and his son Jotham (2Chr. 26:21). However, a most careful examination of the wording in these Scriptures discloses otherwise, i.e.: Jotham “Began to reign” verses “was over the kings house, governing the people”. The marked contrast between the two statements reveals that Jotham held only a pro-rex post at this time as 2Chr. 36:23 confirms . . . This verse unmistakably states that Jotham did not begin to “reign” until his father died, hence he did not bear the title of “King” when Uzziah became a leper." Ref-0186, p. 140.


chronology - kings - regnal years - Nisan : 2K. 25:8; 2Chr. 29:3; 2Chr. 29:17; 2Chr. 30:1-5; 2Chr. 30:13; 2Chr. 30:15; Jer. 36:22; Jer. 52:5-7

"Scripture clearly portrays the undeniable fact that the Judaic Monarchy used the Nisan-to-Nisan year for dating the reigns of their kings." Ref-0186, p. 123. "By way of contrast, the books of Jeremiah, Haggai, Zechariah, Kings, and Chronicles -- having been composed from within the land of Israel -- all use Nisan years for regal dating Hebrew monarchs as well as for the kings of Babylon and Persia. Thus when Daniel was living in Babylon or Persia and was Prime Minister, his writing reflected their fall (Tishri) dating method whereas Jeremiah, who was living in Jerusalem, used the Spring (Nisan) method. Therefore, a king's first regnal year using one method could be his second year by the other method. However, no error or contradiction would actually exist." Ref-0186, p. 129. ". . . with the exception of the final Monarch of the Kingdom of Israel, Hoshea. In harmonizing all of the data concerning his reign, the best synchronization with Judah favors Hoshea's having used the Tishri system. This he may have done either due to Assyrian influence or the desperate circumstances overhanging his kingdom as a result of the precarious Assyrian presence in the area, . . ." Ref-0186, p. 134. ". . . the Jews, as their writers say, counted the reigns of [their kings] by the years of Moses, beginning every year with the month of Nisan. For if any king began his reign a few days before this month began, it was not reckoned to him and the beginning of this month was accounted the beginning of the first year of his reign." Ref-1507, pp. 103-104.


chronology - kings - regnal years - Tishri : Ne. 1:1; Ne. 2:1

"Moreover, the encountered inconsistencies in the Hebrew Text follow a clear pattern which, when taken into consideration, will allow the chronology to successfully synchronize all the data. This pattern may be seen in that the Biblical authors who were writing from outside the land of Israel, such as Daniel, Ezra, and Nehemiah referenced the regnal years differently from those writing from inside the land during the same period. An example of this is evidenced by Nehemiah's speaking of his being at the Persian palace at Shushan (Susa) in the month of Chisleu (the Hebrew 9th month, about December) in the twentieth year of Artaxerxes. He goes on to record that the month of Nisan (spring) that followed was still in the same twentieth year of that selfsame Persian Monarch; thus he is referencing by Tishri reckoning for the month of Nisan following the Chisleu of the twentieth year which would have been the twenty-first year if Nisan-to-Nisan counting had been invoked (Ne. 1:1, cp. 2:1). Of course, it is also possible that Nehemiah so wrote because the Persians actually did use that Tishri-to-Tishri procedure. This is confirmed by a double-dated papyri written during the same century as Nehemiah by the Jews of Elephantine. On the papyri the reigns of the Persian kings were dated by the Tishri-to-Tishri method." Ref-0186, pp. 128-129. "Theile used an objective ‘decision table’ technique that answered three questions about each king’s reign: 1) did his reign begin in the month of Tishri (September/October) or the start of the ancient new year in Nisan (March/April)? 2) did his reign overlap another’s (a coregency). 3) did the king’s scribe use accession reckoning or non-accession reckoning?" Brian Thomas, Two date range options for Noah's Flood, Ref-0784, 31(1) 2017, 120-127, p. 122.


chronology - kings - skepticism :

"According to a great number of scholars who have written in this field, for anyone to be able to produce a chronology of the Hebrew kings that is consistent with all the scriptural texts and also consistent with fixed external dates is a most surprising and unexpected result. Many have expressed the opinion that it could never be done." Ref-1311, p. 233. "This consistency does not amount to proof of authenticity, but it would be very difficult to understand how it could have come about unless the synchronisms and reign lengths are authentic, i.e. represent historical fact. As was mentioned above, the tables contain all the numbers representing exact reign length figures and synchronisms for the thirty-seven kings and one queen who reigned in two kingdoms from Solomon to Zedekiah. The time from the first year of Solomon to the last synchronism given in 2 Kgs 25:27 is 409 years; to describe events in this time span, sixty-five reign length figures and forty-two synchronisms to the rival kingdom are given in Kings and Chronicles. Furthermore, there are six exact synchronisms to events that can be dated in Assyrian and Babylonian history, plus one synchronism to an event (the exodus) that can be independently dated by references in the Talmud. To this should be added the seven synchronisms in Jeremiah and three in Ezekiel that are also consistent with these tables. Altogether this makes 124 exact statistics that are summarized in the chronology of the tables at the end of this article. As Albright said, it is "incredible" that this complexity of numbers and their interdependencies could have been transmitted to us without error, or that all these figures could represent the actual dates of the kings of Judah and Israel. Yet it is our thesis that this is exactly what we have." Ref-1311, p. 234.


chronology - Koran : Koran - chronology
chronology - limitations : Eze. 4:5-9; Jer. 52:4-7

"It will be noted that the goal is that of a “Standard” chronology, not an “Absolute” chronology. As Scripture normally records only entire years for a given event and not the days and months, summing the years may yield an inaccurate total because the partial years were not included. After twelve years of examining numerous arguments, date placement, regnal data, ancient inscriptions, royal annals, eclipse calculations etc., this researcher has concluded that any such assignment is not realistic of any chronology of prolonged duration. . . . It must be remembered that chronology is a branch of historical science; hence, it is constantly subject to revision." Ref-0186, p. 21. "The fact that [the application of the 390 years of Eze. 4:5-9] from a contextual standpoint was not understood as defining exactly the same boundaries by all of these dedicated Biblically conservative men serves to underscore that which has been formerly mentioned, namely, the limitations involved in such an undertaking as computing a chronology of the Old Testament." Ref-0186, p. 140.


chronology - meaning :

"1. The science that deals with the determination of dates and the sequence of events. 2. The arrangement of events in time." Ref-0048


chronology - months - numbering :

"The Scriptures often give the number of the month instead of the month's name, and when this is done the numbering always starts from Nisan, independently of whether the official year started in Nisan or Tishri." Ref-1311, p. 197.


chronology - n - year :

"Years ending in “n” indicate a calendar year beginning in the month of Nisan. Years ending in “t” indicate a calendar year beginning in the month of Tishri." Ref-1307, p. 138. "A vernal year that begins with the month of Nisan (Aviv) will be indicated with a trailing lower case “n.” Thus 750n will indicate a year that began in Nisan of the Julian year 750 B.C. This year would be approximately equal to the last nine months of 750 B.C. and the first three months of 749 B.C. An autumnal year that begins with the month of Tishri (Ethanim) will be indicated with a lowercase “t.” Thus, 750t will indicate a year that began in Tishri of the Julian year 750 B.C. This year would be approximately equal to the last three months of 750 B.C. and the first nine months of 749 B.C." Ref-1307, pp. 20-21. "In the tables, the expression "931n" is used to represent the year beginning on Nisan 1, 931 bc and ending the day before Nisan 1, 930 bc. This is the kind of year that would be used in the court records of the northern kingdom. "931t" represents the year beginning Tishri 1, 931 bc and ending the day before Tishri 1, 930 bc; this is the kind of year that would be used in Judah. The six-month overlap of these two dates is written as 931t/930n, meaning the time period that began on Tishri 1 of 931 bc and ended the day before Nisan 1 of 930 bc. The overlap of 932t and 931n is written 931n/931t. This method of expressing dates may be called the "Nisan/Tishri" notation." Ref-1311, p. 197.


chronology - Persian - Anstey : Ezra 4:5; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:5-6; Ezra 6:1; Ezra 6:12; Ezra 6:14; Ezra 6:15; Ezra 7:1-26; Ne. 2:1; Ne. 5:14; Ne. 13:6; Est. 1:1

"Cambyses is the Ahasuerus of Ezra 4:6. Pseudo-Smerdis is the Artaxerxes of Ezra 4:7-23. Darius Hystaspes is at once both (1) Darius of Ezra 4:5,24; 5:5-6, 6:1,12,14,15; (2) Artaxerxes of Ezra 6:14, 7:1-26, Ne. 2:1, 5:14 and 13:6, and (3) Ahasuerus of the Book of Esther [Est. 1:1]." Ref-1299, 233.


chronology - precision : Ex. 12:41
chronology - Ptolemy - canon : Dan. 9:24-27; Ezra 1:1; Ne. 1:1; Est. 1:1

✪ See chronology - Assyrian eponym canon. See chart in Ref-0186, p. 242. "The main point of contention is that from the B.C. 491 lunar eclipse in the thirty-first year of the reign of Darius, no other recorded eclipse data was available for Ptolemy to verify his king list over most of the later Persian period." Ref-0186, p. 243. According to Martin Anstey: "Consequently, the received or Ptolemaic Chronology, now universally accepted, must be abridged by these 82 years. The error of Ptolemy has probably been made through his having assigned too many years, and perhaps too many Kings, to the latter part of the period of the Persian Empire, in the scheme which he made out from various conflicting data. We have to choose between the Heathen Astrologer and the Hebrew Prophet." Ref-0848, pp. 39-40. "We have seen that according to Ptolemy's canon there were ten kings of the Persian period. Josephus gives six: 1) Cyrus; 2) Cambyses . . . 3) Darius Hystaspes . . . 4) Xerxes . . . 5) Cyrus . . . 6) Darius . . ." Ref-0848, p. 41. "We now reach the most difficult period in the whole realm of Bible Chronology, the period of Ezra, Nehemiah and Esther. Our sole authority for this period is the Books of Ezra, Nehemiah and Esther. There are cuneiform Inscriptions by Cyrus, by Darius Hystaspes, and by each of the succeeding Persian monarchs down to the last King of Persia, who was slain by Alexander the Great, and the Behistun Inscription by Darius Hystaspes contains some very valuable information, but none of these Inscriptions give us any help in fixing the Chronology of the period. Neither do we obtain any help in this direction from Jewish, Persian or Greek literature. The Jewish and the Persian traditions make the period of the Persian Empire a period of about 52 years. There are no contemporary chronological records whatever to fix the dates of any of the Persian Monarch after Darius Hystaspes. The clay tablets of Babylon fix the Chronology for the reigns of Cyrus, Cambyses, Pseudo-Smerdis and Darius Hystaspes, but they do not determine the date of any subsequent Persian King. The dates that have reached us, and which are now generally received as historical, are a late compilation made in the 2nd Century A.D., and found in Ptolemy's Canon. They rest upon the calculations or guesses made by Eratosthenes and certain vague, floating traditions, in accordance with which the period of the Persian Empire was mapped out as a period of 205 years." Ref-1299, p. 232. "[Ptolemy] is the only authority for the Chronology of this period. He is not corroborated. He is contradicted, both by the Persian National Traditions preserved in Firdusi, by the Jewish National Traditions preserved in the Sedar Olam, and by the writings of Josephus. . . . Ptolemy had no means of accurately determining the Chronology of this period, so he made the best use of the materials he had, and contrived to make a Chronology. He was a great astronomer, a great astrologer, a great geographer, and a great constructor of synthetic systems. But he did not possess sufficient data to enable him to fill the gaps, or to fix the dates of the Chronology of this period, so he had to resort to the calculation of eclipses. In this way then, not by historical evidence or testimony, but by the method of astronomical calculation, and the conjectural identification of recorded with calculated eclipses, the Chronology of this period of the world's history has been fixed by Ptolemy, since when, through Eusebius and Jerome, it has won its way to universal acceptance. It is contradicted (1) by the national traditions of Persia, (2) by the national traditions of the Jews, (3) by the testimony of Josephus, and (4) by the conflicting evidence of such well-authenticated events as the Conference of Solon with Croesus, and the flight of Themistocles to the court of Artaxerxes Longimanus, which make the accepted Chronology impossible. But the human mind cannot rest in a state of perpetual doubt. There was this one system elaborated by Ptolemy. There was no other except that given in the prophecies of Daniel. . . . We have to choose between the Heathen Astrologer and the Hebrew Prophet." Ref-1299, pp. 19-20. ". . . inasmuch as the measure of 483 years from the first year of Cyrus would, if Ptolemy’s table be accepted, come short, by many years, of any event in the lifetime of Christ, one must either abandon that table, or else must search for a decree of a Persian King, many years nearer to Christ, to serve as the starting point of the Seventy Weeks of Daniel." Ref-1298, p. 86. "Thus, whereas Ptolemy estimates that there were ten Persian kings in all, Josephus, an earlier writer and one who has a stronger claim upon our confidence, gives only six. Moreover, this agrees much better with the statement of the angel to Daniel, in the 3rd year of Cyrus, that there were yet four kings of Persia to stand up, the fourth being plainly identified as the great and wealthy Xerxes, whose expedition against “the realm of Grecia” ended, as is known from secular history, so disastrously. Those who accept the canon of Ptolemy must believe their were eight kings between Cyrus and Xerxes, the last of the Persian kings, and must accept the length of years which Ptolemy assigns to their respective reigns, and which he figures out to be a total of 205 years. In contrast with Ptolemy’s estimates, the Jewish and Persian traditions make the period of the Persian Empire a period of 52 years. We do not accept the estimates of Josephus any more than those of Ptolemy, and have no need of either; but the statements of the former do serve to show that those of the latter are not to be relied upon." Ref-1298, pp. 87-88.


chronology - Reece :

"In the harmony of the Gospels, the discourses of our Lord (20 in number) are identified in proper sequence with a D, the miracles of our Lord (35 in number) with an M, and the parables of our Lord (31 in number) with a P. . . Dates are those of the Klassen Chronology [Klassen, Frank R., The Chronology of the Bible] unless otherwise noted. Mr. Reese's additional dating is followed by an asterisk within the scripture passages themselves. Where there is a variance between Mr. Reese and Klassen in dating, both dates are used and identified by their initials, R and K. When a C follows any date, it means an approximate date." Ref-0135, introduction.


chronology - rules - Anstey :

"The three rules which must be observed by every Chronologer whose investigations are to lead him into the truth are—(1) Never adopt any date which is inconsistent with any other date. (2) Never frame any hypothesis, or entertain any conjecture, which cannot be verified or supported by positive evidence. And (3) never identify different persons bearing the same name, and never fail to identify the same person bearing different names." Ref-1299, p. 234. "The key to the solution of all these difficulties [in the chronology of the divided kingdom] is given by Willis J. Beecher, in an article on “The Kings of Israel and Judah,” in the American Presbyterian Review for April, 1880. “In recording dates,” he says, “these narratives follow a simple and consistent system. The following rules are obeyed with entire uniformity, in all the dates of the period under consideration :— Rule 1. All the years mentioned are current years of a consecutive system. The first year of a King is not a year's time beginning with the month and day of his accession, but a year's time beginning (1) the preceding, or (2) the following New Year's Day—the New Moon before the Passover, Nisan 1st. Rule 2. When a reign closes and another begins during a year, that year is counted to the previous reign (Judaite mode). Rule 3. Regularly in the case of the earlier Kings of Israel, and occasionally in other cases, the broken year is counted to the following reign as well as to the previous reign (Israelite mode). Rule 4. When we use the ordinal numbers (1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.) which date the beginning or the end of a reign to check the cardinal numbers (1, 2, 3, etc.), which denote its duration, we must count both sets as designating complete calendar years. That is, we must count the date given in the ordinal as being either the opening or the close of the year designated by the ordinal. Otherwise the units represented by the two sets of numbers are of different sorts, and cannot be numerically compared.” " Ref-1299, p. 170.


chronology - secular bias : Gen. 1:1; Gen. 5:1; Gen. 10:1

". . . many who attach little or no importance to the statements as found in the bible, would give full credence to the very same statements, if recorded by some unknown Egyptian or Babylonian sinner." Ref-1298, p. 3.


chronology - Septuagint - problems : Septuagint - chronology - problems
chronology - t - year : chronology - n - year
chronology B.C. 0522 : chronology B.C. 0522 - Reign of Pseudo-Smerdis (Gaumata, Magus, Persia) - Bissell-APOCRYPHA ; chronology B.C. 0522 - Reign of Pseudo-Smerdis (Gaumata, Magus, Persia) - Criswell-BIBLE ; chronology B.C. 0522 - Reign of Pseudo-Smerdis (Gaumata, Magus, Persia) - Martin-EZRA ; chronology B.C. 0522 - Reign of Pseudo-Smerdis (Gaumata, Magus, Persia) - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology B.C. 0522 - Reign of Pseudo-Smerdis (Gaumata, Magus, Persia) - Schlegal-SBA
chronology B.C. 0522 - Reign of Pseudo-Smerdis (Gaumata, Magus, Persia) - Bissell-APOCRYPHA :

Ref-1542, p. 5.


chronology B.C. 0522 - Reign of Pseudo-Smerdis (Gaumata, Magus, Persia) - Criswell-BIBLE :

Ref-0147, p. 652.


chronology B.C. 0522 - Reign of Pseudo-Smerdis (Gaumata, Magus, Persia) - Martin-EZRA :

Ref-1548, p. 1:654.


chronology B.C. 0522 - Reign of Pseudo-Smerdis (Gaumata, Magus, Persia) - Newton-CHRONO :

Ref-1507, pp. 123, 138.


chronology B.C. 0522 - Reign of Pseudo-Smerdis (Gaumata, Magus, Persia) - Schlegal-SBA :

Ref-1482, p. 104.


chronology B.C. 0604 : chronology B.C. 0604 - Battle of Carchemish - Anstey-CHRONO
chronology B.C. 0604 - Battle of Carchemish - Anstey-CHRONO : 2Chr. 35:29; Isa. 10:9; Jer. 46:2

Ref-1299, p. 223.


chronology B.C. 0605 : chronology B.C. 0605 - Battle of Carchemish - Finegan-CHRONO ; chronology B.C. 0605 - Battle of Carchemish - Harrison-OT ; chronology B.C. 0605 - Battle of Carchemish - How-DAN ; chronology B.C. 0605 - Battle of Carchemish - Oswalt-CHRONO ; chronology B.C. 0605 - Battle of Carchemish - Thiele-KINGS ; chronology B.C. 0605 - Battle of Carchemish - Wiseman-NEB
chronology B.C. 0605 - Battle of Carchemish - Finegan-CHRONO : 2Chr. 35:29; Isa. 10:9; Jer. 46:2

"British Museum Tablet No. 22047 reports that in the twentieth year of Nabopolassar (606/605 B.C.) [the Egyptians] successfully attacked a Babylonian garrison in the city of Kimuho on the Euphrates. British Museum Tablet No. 21946 tells how, in the twenty-first year of Nabopolassar (605/604), the Babylonian king sent his son Nebuchadnezzar against the Egyptians. Nebuchadnezzar met the Egyptian army in Carchemish on the bank of the Euphrates, accomplished their defeat, and conquered the whole area of “the Hatti-country.” In the record of Nebuchadnezzar's seventh year . . . “the Hatti-land” includes “the city of Judah,” therefore the term is a general designation for Syria-Palestine." Ref-0840, pp. 252-253.


chronology B.C. 0605 - Battle of Carchemish - Harrison-OT : 2Chr. 35:29; Isa. 10:9; Jer. 46:2

"As far as the closing years of the southern kingdom are concerned, extra-Biblical sources have furnished a precise date of 605 B.C. for the accession of Nebuchadnezzar II and the battle of Carchemish. Nebuchadnezzar actually ascended the throne of Babylon on September 6, 605 B.C. (cf. 2K. 24:12; 25:8), although the first official year of his reign commenced with the following New Year, in accordance with Babylonian custom." Ref-0836, pp. 191-192.


chronology B.C. 0605 - Battle of Carchemish - How-DAN : 2Chr. 35:29; Isa. 10:9; Jer. 46:2

Ref-1308, p. 43.


chronology B.C. 0605 - Battle of Carchemish - Oswalt-CHRONO : 2Chr. 35:29; Isa. 10:9; Jer. 46:2

Ref-1550, p. 1:685.


chronology B.C. 0605 - Battle of Carchemish - Thiele-KINGS : 2Chr. 35:29; Isa. 10:9; Jer. 46:2

Ref-0839, p. 180.


chronology B.C. 0605 - Battle of Carchemish - Wiseman-NEB : 2Chr. 35:29; Isa. 10:9; Jer. 46:2

"The precise date of the battle of Carchemish can only be set within limits. The Chronicle states that it occurred within Nabopolassar's twenty-first year (commencing April 605 B.C.) and before his death (8 Ab = 15/16 August) and time must be allowed for operations in Syria from which Nebuchadrezzar was recalled . . . June-July 605 B.C. therefore remains the most likely date unless the capture of Carchemish represents a sudden Blitzkrieg response to the defeat and retreat of the previous Shebat (January)." Ref-0837, p. 16.


chronology B.C. 0608 : chronology B.C. 0608 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - Anstey-TABLES
chronology B.C. 0608 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - Anstey-TABLES :

Ref-1303, p. 52.


chronology B.C. 0609 : chronology B.C. 0609 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - Albright[Harrison-OT ; chronology B.C. 0609 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - Finegan-CHRONO ; chronology B.C. 0609 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - Harrison-OT ; chronology B.C. 0609 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - JUDAICA ; chronology B.C. 0609 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - MBA ; chronology B.C. 0609 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronology B.C. 0609 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - Thiele-KINGS ; chronology B.C. 0609 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - Young-TABLES
chronology B.C. 0609 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - Albright[Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 192.


chronology B.C. 0609 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - Finegan-CHRONO :

Ref-0840, p. 261.


chronology B.C. 0609 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - Harrison-OT :

Ref-0836, p. 192.


chronology B.C. 0609 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - JUDAICA :

Ref-1315


chronology B.C. 0609 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - MBA :

Ref-0846, p. 203.


chronology B.C. 0609 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - Steinmann-CHRONO :

Ref-1307, p. 141.


chronology B.C. 0609 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - Thiele-KINGS :

Ref-0839, p. 182.


chronology B.C. 0609 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - Young-TABLES :

Ref-1311, p. 246.


chronology B.C. 0610 : chronology B.C. 0610 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - Jones-BASICS ; chronology B.C. 0610 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - Newton-CHRONO ; chronology B.C. 0610 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - Pierce-USSHER
chronology B.C. 0610 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - Jones-BASICS :

Ref-0186, p. 331.


chronology B.C. 0610 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - Newton-CHRONO :

Ref-1507, p. 103.


chronology B.C. 0610 - Reign of Jehoahaz II (Judah) - Pierce-USSHER :

Ref-0222, p. 905.


Chronology of the Old Testament, 4th ed., Jones, Floyd Nolen : Ref-0186
Chronology of the Old Testament, 4th ed., Jones, Floyd Nolen - Jones, Floyd Nolen. Chronology of the Old Testament, 4th ed. : Ref-0186
Chronology of the Old Testament, 15th ed., Jones, Floyd Nolen : Ref-1532
Chronology of the Old Testament, 15th ed., Jones, Floyd Nolen - Jones, Floyd Nolen. Chronology of the Old Testament, 15th ed. : Ref-1532
chronoloyg : chronoloyg - B.C. 0404n→0359 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronoloyg - B.C. 0423n→0405 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronoloyg - B.C. 0423→0404 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - JUDAICA ; chronoloyg - B.C. 0485n→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Steinmann-CHRONO ; chronoloyg - B.C. 0598 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - Albright[Harrison-OT]
chronoloyg - B.C. 0404n→0359 - Reign of Artaxerxes II (Mnemon, Persia) - Steinmann-CHRONO :

Ref-1307, p. 176.


chronoloyg - B.C. 0423n→0405 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - Steinmann-CHRONO : Ne. 12:22

Ref-1307, p. 176.


chronoloyg - B.C. 0423→0404 - Reign of Darius II (Darius Nothus, Persia) - JUDAICA : Ne. 12:22

Ref-1315


chronoloyg - B.C. 0485n→0465 - Reign of Xerxes I (Persia, Ahasueris) - Steinmann-CHRONO : Ezra 4:6; Est. 1:1

Ref-1307, pp. 176, 192.


chronoloyg - B.C. 0598 - Reign of Jehoiachin (Judah) - Albright[Harrison-OT] :

Ref-0836, p. 192.


chronos :

✪ Greek - general time


Chrysostom : Antichrist - future - Chrysostom
Chrysostom - Antichrist - future : Antichrist - future - Chrysostom
church : assembling - together; body of Christ - formation ; bride - of Christ ; church - beginning ; church - body of Christ; church - daily; church - discipline ; church - first mention; church - founded on; church - gospel given to; church - in heaven during tribulation; church - in house; church - Jesus in midst; church - Jews - Gentiles; church - judgment begins; church - mystery - relationship of Jews and Gentiles; church - practice ; church - purpose ; church - universal; covenant - new - church ; covenant - new - with Israel ; demon - possessed - in church; ecclesia - usage of term ; ecclesiology ; exegesis - 1Cor._13:10 ; fellowship - insincere; head - Christ of church; house - church; intercession - Church; king - Jesus - church age; nation - church? ; politics - church limitations ; principalities - church instructs; replacement theology - AGAINST ; Septuagint - Christian use of ; spiritual - growth ; temple - disciples frequent
church - assembling for : assembling - together
church - beginning : Mat. 16:18; Mat. 18:17; John 7:39; John 14:16; John 16:7; Acts 1:5; Acts 11:15-16; Acts 15:7-8; Acts 15:14; 1Cor. 12:13; Eph. 2:15; Eph. 3:5-6; Col. 1:24-27

"A concordance examination of the word body indicates that the idea of a body into which redeemed people are placed is nowhere found in the Old Testament. The first occurrences of the word body in connection with the Body of Christ is in 1 Corinthians 12:12-25 and the next is in Romans 12:5. The remainder occur in Ephesians and Colossians. This further supports the truth that the mystery of the equality of Jews and Gentiles in the one Body of Christ was unknown and unrevealed in the Old Testament." Ref-0056, p. 134. ". . . and why did the Apostle Peter call the Day of Pentecost (Acts 2) ‘the beginning’ (Acts 11:15)?" Ref-0072, p. 22. "The verb which is translated will build [Mat. 16:18] is future tense and indicative mood in the text, and ‘the future indicative expresses anticipation of an event in future time.’" Ref-0072, p. 180. "Any Church beginning in the OT could not be built upon apostles, for they did not exist." Jim Bryant, "The Church Is Not Israel," Ref-0055, Vol. 6 No. 19 (December 2002) : p. 346. See also Ref-0220, pp. 232-239. "Wayne Grudem, an historic (or covenant) premillennialist, contradicts himself . . . He gives this simple definition: “The church is the community of all believers for all time.” In other words, the Church began with Adam. But later on when he writes about the Spirit giving spiritual gifts at Pentecost, he says that “happened in the early church.” How could the activities of Acts 2 be described as taking place in the early years of the Church if the early years of the Church were actually in Genesis?" Charles Ray, "Systematic Theology and Premillennialism", Ref-0055, Vol. 8 No. 24, August, 2004, 165:191, p. 170. "Berkhof agrees with the Belgic Confession: “This Church has been from the beginning of the world . . .” However, he also believes that the “establishment of the covenant with Abraham marked the beginning of an institutional Church.”" Charles Ray, "Systematic Theology and Premillennialism", Ref-0055, Vol. 8 No. 24, August, 2004, 165:191, pp. 169-170. "In his commentary on Genesis, Calvin wrote, “We may readily concluded that Seth was an upright and faithful servant of God. And after he begat a son, like himself, and had a rightly constituted family, the face of the Church began distinctly to appear, . . . " Brian H. Wagner, "Peter's Usage of Arche in Acts_11:15: A Theological Shibboleth for the Dispensational Uniqueness of the Church", Ref-0785, Volume 11 Number 34 December 2007, 65:78, p. 66. "Even the great Baptist preacher, Charles Spurgeon, adopted [the view that the church began in the OT], not realizing how inconsistent it was to Baptist ecclesiology. In a sermon delivered on 27 December 1863 at the Metropolitan Tabernacle in London, he said, “Where shall I say the Church began? Why very speedily after there was a seed of the serpent, there was also a seed of the woman. Surely the line of demarcation began hard by the gates of Eden; there we see Abel worshipping God in faith, and Cain who was of the wicked on and slew his brother.”" Brian H. Wagner, "Peter's Usage of Arche in Acts_11:15: A Theological Shibboleth for the Dispensational Uniqueness of the Church", Ref-0785, Volume 11 Number 34 December 2007, 65:78, p. 67. "By the law and the prophets, in the text (Luke 16:16), seems to be intended the ancient dispensation under the Old Testament, which was received from Moses and the prophets. These are said to be until John; not that the revelations given by them are out of use since that time, but that the state of the church, founded and regulated under God by them, the dispensation of which they were the ministers, and wherein the church depended mainly on light received from them, fully continued till John." Ref-1289, p. 79. "[Adam] was a good man, and was the founder of the church, of which Christ himself became a son, he was the first in line of the church, and as such he was from God [Luke 3:38]." Ref-1289, p. 210. Lloyd-Jones implies the church began at Pentecost (but didn’t really believe so): "And again in the fourth chapter of Acts-I am taking this in detail because this is the origin of the Church, this was what she actually did at the beginning." Ref-1369, p. 22. "Distinctions have been drawn by certain exceedingly wise men (measured by their own estimate of themselves), between the people of God who lived before the coming of Christ, and those who lived afterwards. We have even heard it asserted that those who lived before the coming of Christ do not belong to the church of God! We never know what we shall hear next, and perhaps it is a mercy that these absurdities are revealed at one time, in order that we may be able to endure their stupidity without dying of amazement. Why, every child of God in every place stands on the same footing; the Lord has not some children best beloved, some second-rate offspring, and others whom he hardly cares about. These who saw Christ's day before it came, had a great difference as to what they knew, and perhaps in the same measure a difference as to what they enjoyed while on earth meditating upon Christ; but they were all washed in the same blood, all redeemed with the same ransom price, and made members of the same body. Israel in the ovenant of grace is not natural Israel, but all believers in all ages." -- Dennis Swanson, Charles H. Spurgeon and Eschatology: Did He Have a Discernible millennial Position?, pp. 47-48. [http://www.spurgeon.org/eschat.php]. See 20161124144019.pdf.


church - body of Christ : body of Christ - formation ; 1Cor. 12:13; 1Cor. 12:27; Eph. 1:22-23; Eph. 3:6; Col. 1:18
church - bride of Jesus : bride - of Christ
church - daily : Acts 2:46
church - demon possessed in : demon - possessed - in church
church - discipline : Ps. 119:63; Mat. 18:15-18; Acts 20:30; Rom. 16:17-18; 1Cor. 5:2-5; 1Cor. 5:11; Gal. 6:1-4; Eph. 5:11; 1Ti. 1:20; 1Ti. 6:3-5; 2Th. 3:6; 2Th. 3:11; 2Th. 3:14-15

"Church Discipline. The very words strike terror in the heart of most pastors. Their hands sweat, their mouths go dry, . . . What are we to do? To obey God may very well threaten our ministry, our security, our hopes and dreams, not to mention wreaking havoc and strife among the people we love and have devoted our lives to serve. But to disobey God due to our fears and apprehensions is to dishonor Him and abandon the field of spiritual warfare at precisely the wrong moment. . . . Many a pastor has found himself marginalized, or even removed from his ministry, for daring to obey the Word in relation to a family member of a well-connected church leader." Gary Gilley, Ref-1217, pp. 211,218. ". . . people often wonder whether it is scriptural to critique the public and published works (books, sermons, etc.), of another believer without first approaching that believer on the basis of Matthew 18:15-20 and Galatians 6:1-4. Some find it quite offensive for believers to be examining publicly the writings and statements of another believer. They consider this a personal attack. What is often missed is that there is a vast difference between private/personal sin and public sin including false teaching which is offered to the church at large. In the case of the former, the Lord wants us to go privately to the individual first (as the passages above command) to attempt to resolve the differences and/or confront sin and restore that individual. In the case of public sin and/or false teaching, that sin must be addressed publicly. I believe the principle is that the sin is to be addressed within the sphere of knowledge. Paul, for example, rebuked Peter publicly in Galatians 2 because his sin was known to all. Jesus, similarly, did not take Peter aside when the Lord called him “Satan” and told him to get behind Him. The reason is clear; Peter’s sin was not a private one, but heard by the other disciples. [Contrast this with Jesus’ interaction with Peter at the end of John (John 21:15-19).]" Gary Gilley, Ref-1217, p 220. "As a side note, I am sometimes asked if I have spoken to those whose works and views I critique. The answer is that, I have often made attempts to do so but rarely have ever received a response. It should be remembered that many of these authors and leaders have attained mega-star status and are virtually unapproachable by normal people. They receive hundreds, maybe thousands of e-mails, letters and messages daily. They are often removed beyond the bounds of private interaction." Gary Gilley, Ref-1217, pp. 221-222.


church - early use of Septuagint : Septuagint - Christian use of
church - ecclesiology : ecclesiology
church - first mention : Mat. 16:18
church - founded on : Mat. 16:18; 1Cor. 3:11; 1Cor. 12:28; Eph. 2:20; Eph. 3:5; Rev. 21:14
church - gospel given to : Mark 12:9; Rom. 11:11
church - head is Christ : head - Christ of church
church - in heaven during tribulation : Rev. 5:9
church - in house : house - church; Rom. 16:5; 1Cor. 16:19
church - insincere attendance : fellowship - insincere
church - instructs angels : principalities - church instructs
Church - intercession : intercession - Church
church - Jesus - king : king - Jesus - church age
church - Jesus in midst : Mat. 18:20; Rev. 2:1
church - Jews - Gentiles : 1Cor. 1:23; 1Cor. 10:32
church - judgment begins : 2Chr. 7:14; Jer. 25:29; Eze. 9:6; Acts 5:5; Acts 5:10; 1Pe. 4:17
church - maturity : exegesis - 1Cor._13:10
church - meaning of term ecclesia : ecclesia - usage of term
church - meeting - purpose : spiritual - growth
church - mystery - relationship of Jews and Gentiles : Eph. 3:3-6; Col. 1:24-27
church - nation? : nation - church?
church - new covenant : covenant - new - church ; covenant - new - with Israel
church - not in OT : ecclesia - usage of term
church - not Israel : replacement theology - AGAINST
church - political limitations : politics - church limitations
church - practice : Acts 2:42

"Like just about everything else in the society, seating in New England meetinghouses was assigned by status. The hierarchically ranked seating plan would have to be redrawn for the new meetinghouse, but that was no easy task in a community with some social mobility. The town's seating committee had to rank each family in relation to every other. The town could not agree on whether to continue the practices of seating men on one side and women on the other (with young people in the balcony) or to seat people on the main floor by families. . . . It also could accentuate family rivalries when one family was seated more prominently than a near rival. That was particularly so when the town, consistent with Edwards' assessment of it, decided to make wealth the primary criterion in determining seating, to consider age secondarily, and to consider "men's usefulness," as in public service to a lesser degree. Previously, age had been the primary consideration and wealth secondary." Ref-1348, p. 188.


church - purpose :

". . . the three great purposes of the church [are]: Number 1, the church exists to glorify God. Number 2, the church exists to edify the saints through spiritual gifts. And number 3, the church exists, not to just sit soak and sour, but to fulfill the great commission." Andy Woods, Ecclesiology - The Purpose of the Church, Part 3 (Matthew 28:18-20), [http://www.spiritandtruth.org/teaching/Ecclesiology_by_Andy_Woods/020_The_Purpose_of_the_Church_3/20180415_020_ecclesiology_transcript.html]

"The church is a worshiping community, a witnessing community, and a working community. In other words, the church is to exalt the Lord, it is to evangelize the world, and it is to edify its members." Ref-0052, p. 68.


church - replaces temple? : temple - disciples frequent
church - universal : Gal. 1:13
church age : dispensation - church age
church age - dispensation : dispensation - church age
church fathers : age - earth - church fathers ; creation - days - church fathers
church fathers - age of earth : age - earth - church fathers
church fathers - creation days : creation - days - church fathers
Church History 1 (CH-201) : Ref-0058
Church History 1 (CH-201) - Couch, Mal. Church History 1 (CH-201), Tyndale Theological Seminary. Church History 1 (CH-201) : Ref-0058
Church History 1 (CH-201) - Couch, Mal. Church History 1 (CH-201), Tyndale Theological Seminary. Church History 1 (CH-201) - Tyndale Theological Seminary. Church History 1 (CH-201), Mal Couch : Ref-0058
Church History, Andrew Miller : Ref-0905
Church History, Andrew Miller - Miller, Andrew, Church History : Ref-0905
Church History, Andrew Miller - Miller, Andrew, Church History - SS-0022 : Ref-0905
church vs. Israel : dispensationalism - progressive - church vs. Israel distinction
church vs. Israel - distinction - progressive dispensationalism : dispensationalism - progressive - church vs. Israel distinction
Churchill: A Life, Martin Gilbert : Ref-1399
Churchill: A Life, Martin Gilbert - Gilbert, Martin, Churchill: A Life : Ref-1399
Churchill: A Life, Martin Gilbert - Gilbert, Martin, Churchill: A Life - Kindle-0020 : Ref-1399
Chyniladon : chronology - B.C. 0625 - Chyniladon - died - Newton
Chyniladon - died - Newton : chronology - B.C. 0625 - Chyniladon - died - Newton

CH